Date:   Tue, 28 Feb 2023 14:14:36 -0800
From:   Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@...cle.com>
To:     James Houghton <jthoughton@...gle.com>
Cc:     Muchun Song <songmuchun@...edance.com>,
        Peter Xu <peterx@...hat.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>,
        David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
        Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@...gle.com>,
        Mina Almasry <almasrymina@...gle.com>,
        Zach O'Keefe <zokeefe@...gle.com>,
        Manish Mishra <manish.mishra@...anix.com>,
        Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@....com>,
        "Dr . David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@...hat.com>,
        "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@...radead.org>,
        Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>,
        Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>,
        Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@...wei.com>,
        Yang Shi <shy828301@...il.com>,
        Frank van der Linden <fvdl@...gle.com>,
        Jiaqi Yan <jiaqiyan@...gle.com>, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 13/46] hugetlb: add hugetlb_hgm_walk and
 hugetlb_walk_step

On 02/18/23 00:27, James Houghton wrote:
> hugetlb_hgm_walk implements high-granularity page table walks for
> HugeTLB. It is safe to call on non-HGM enabled VMAs; it will return
> immediately.
> 
> hugetlb_walk_step implements how we step forwards in the walk. For
> architectures that don't use GENERAL_HUGETLB, they will need to provide
> their own implementation.
> 
> The broader API that should be used is
> hugetlb_full_walk[,alloc|,continue].

I guess 'full' in the name implies walking to the PTE (PAGE_SIZE) level.
It could just be me and my over-familiarity with the existing hugetlb
walking code, but that was not obvious.

Again, perhaps it is just how familiar I am with the existing code, but
I found the routines difficult to follow.  Nothing looks obviously wrong.

Just a couple comments.questions below.

> 
> Signed-off-by: James Houghton <jthoughton@...gle.com>
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/hugetlb.h b/include/linux/hugetlb.h
> index 9d839519c875..726d581158b1 100644
> --- a/include/linux/hugetlb.h
> +++ b/include/linux/hugetlb.h
> @@ -223,6 +223,14 @@ u32 hugetlb_fault_mutex_hash(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t idx);
>  pte_t *huge_pmd_share(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>  		      unsigned long addr, pud_t *pud);
>  
> +int hugetlb_full_walk(struct hugetlb_pte *hpte, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> +		      unsigned long addr);
> +void hugetlb_full_walk_continue(struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +				struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr);
> +int hugetlb_full_walk_alloc(struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +			    struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
> +			    unsigned long target_sz);
> +
>  struct address_space *hugetlb_page_mapping_lock_write(struct page *hpage);
>  
>  extern int sysctl_hugetlb_shm_group;
> @@ -272,6 +280,8 @@ pte_t *huge_pte_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>  pte_t *huge_pte_offset(struct mm_struct *mm,
>  		       unsigned long addr, unsigned long sz);
>  unsigned long hugetlb_mask_last_page(struct hstate *h);
> +int hugetlb_walk_step(struct mm_struct *mm, struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +		      unsigned long addr, unsigned long sz);
>  int huge_pmd_unshare(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>  				unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep);
>  void adjust_range_if_pmd_sharing_possible(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> @@ -1054,6 +1064,8 @@ void hugetlb_register_node(struct node *node);
>  void hugetlb_unregister_node(struct node *node);
>  #endif
>  
> +enum hugetlb_level hpage_size_to_level(unsigned long sz);
> +
>  #else	/* CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE */
>  struct hstate {};
>  
> @@ -1246,6 +1258,11 @@ static inline void hugetlb_register_node(struct node *node)
>  static inline void hugetlb_unregister_node(struct node *node)
>  {
>  }
> +
> +static inline enum hugetlb_level hpage_size_to_level(unsigned long sz)
> +{
> +	return HUGETLB_LEVEL_PTE;
> +}
>  #endif	/* CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE */
>  
>  #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_HIGH_GRANULARITY_MAPPING
> diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c
> index bb424cdf79e4..810c05feb41f 100644
> --- a/mm/hugetlb.c
> +++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
> @@ -97,6 +97,29 @@ static void __hugetlb_vma_unlock_write_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
>  static void hugetlb_unshare_pmds(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>  		unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
>  
> +/*
> + * hpage_size_to_level() - convert @sz to the corresponding page table level
> + *
> + * @sz must be less than or equal to a valid hugepage size.
> + */
> +enum hugetlb_level hpage_size_to_level(unsigned long sz)
> +{
> +	/*
> +	 * We order the conditionals from smallest to largest to pick the
> +	 * smallest level when multiple levels have the same size (i.e.,
> +	 * when levels are folded).
> +	 */
> +	if (sz < PMD_SIZE)
> +		return HUGETLB_LEVEL_PTE;
> +	if (sz < PUD_SIZE)
> +		return HUGETLB_LEVEL_PMD;
> +	if (sz < P4D_SIZE)
> +		return HUGETLB_LEVEL_PUD;
> +	if (sz < PGDIR_SIZE)
> +		return HUGETLB_LEVEL_P4D;
> +	return HUGETLB_LEVEL_PGD;
> +}
> +
>  static inline bool subpool_is_free(struct hugepage_subpool *spool)
>  {
>  	if (spool->count)
> @@ -7315,6 +7338,154 @@ bool want_pmd_share(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
>  }
>  #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_HUGE_PMD_SHARE */
>  
> +/* __hugetlb_hgm_walk - walks a high-granularity HugeTLB page table to resolve
> + * the page table entry for @addr. We might allocate new PTEs.
> + *
> + * @hpte must always be pointing at an hstate-level PTE or deeper.
> + *
> + * This function will never walk further if it encounters a PTE of a size
> + * less than or equal to @sz.
> + *
> + * @alloc determines what we do when we encounter an empty PTE. If false,
> + * we stop walking. If true and @sz is less than the current PTE's size,
> + * we make that PTE point to the next level down, going until @sz is the same
> + * as our current PTE.
> + *
> + * If @alloc is false and @sz is PAGE_SIZE, this function will always
> + * succeed, but that does not guarantee that hugetlb_pte_size(hpte) is @sz.
> + *
> + * Return:
> + *	-ENOMEM if we couldn't allocate new PTEs.
> + *	-EEXIST if the caller wanted to walk further than a migration PTE,
> + *		poison PTE, or a PTE marker. The caller needs to manually deal
> + *		with this scenario.
> + *	-EINVAL if called with invalid arguments (@sz invalid, @hpte not
> + *		initialized).
> + *	0 otherwise.
> + *
> + *	Even if this function fails, @hpte is guaranteed to always remain
> + *	valid.
> + */
> +static int __hugetlb_hgm_walk(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> +			      struct hugetlb_pte *hpte, unsigned long addr,
> +			      unsigned long sz, bool alloc)
> +{
> +	int ret = 0;
> +	pte_t pte;
> +
> +	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(sz < PAGE_SIZE))
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +
> +	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!hpte->ptep))
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +
> +	while (hugetlb_pte_size(hpte) > sz && !ret) {
> +		pte = huge_ptep_get(hpte->ptep);
> +		if (!pte_present(pte)) {
> +			if (!alloc)
> +				return 0;
> +			if (unlikely(!huge_pte_none(pte)))
> +				return -EEXIST;
> +		} else if (hugetlb_pte_present_leaf(hpte, pte))
> +			return 0;
> +		ret = hugetlb_walk_step(mm, hpte, addr, sz);
> +	}
> +
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * hugetlb_hgm_walk - Has the same behavior as __hugetlb_hgm_walk but will
> + * initialize @hpte with hstate-level PTE pointer @ptep.
> + */
> +static int hugetlb_hgm_walk(struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +			    pte_t *ptep,
> +			    struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> +			    unsigned long addr,
> +			    unsigned long target_sz,
> +			    bool alloc)
> +{
> +	struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
> +
> +	hugetlb_pte_init(vma->vm_mm, hpte, ptep, huge_page_shift(h),
> +			 hpage_size_to_level(huge_page_size(h)));
> +	return __hugetlb_hgm_walk(vma->vm_mm, vma, hpte, addr, target_sz,
> +				  alloc);
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * hugetlb_full_walk_continue - continue a high-granularity page-table walk.
> + *
> + * If a user has a valid @hpte but knows that @hpte is not a leaf, they can
> + * attempt to continue walking by calling this function.
> + *
> + * This function will never fail, but @hpte might not change.
> + *
> + * If @hpte hasn't been initialized, then this function's behavior is
> + * undefined.
> + */
> +void hugetlb_full_walk_continue(struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +				struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> +				unsigned long addr)
> +{
> +	/* __hugetlb_hgm_walk will never fail with these arguments. */
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(__hugetlb_hgm_walk(vma->vm_mm, vma, hpte, addr,
> +					PAGE_SIZE, false));
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * hugetlb_full_walk - do a high-granularity page-table walk; never allocate.
> + *
> + * This function can only fail if we find that the hstate-level PTE is not
> + * allocated. Callers can take advantage of this fact to skip address regions
> + * that cannot be mapped in that case.
> + *
> + * If this function succeeds, @hpte is guaranteed to be valid.
> + */
> +int hugetlb_full_walk(struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +		      struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> +		      unsigned long addr)
> +{
> +	struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
> +	unsigned long sz = huge_page_size(h);
> +	/*
> +	 * We must mask the address appropriately so that we pick up the first
> +	 * PTE in a contiguous group.
> +	 */
> +	pte_t *ptep = hugetlb_walk(vma, addr & huge_page_mask(h), sz);
> +
> +	if (!ptep)
> +		return -ENOMEM;

-ENOMEM does not seem appropriate, but I can not think of something
better.  -ENOENT perhaps?

> +
> +	/* hugetlb_hgm_walk will never fail with these arguments. */
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(hugetlb_hgm_walk(hpte, ptep, vma, addr, PAGE_SIZE, false));
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * hugetlb_full_walk_alloc - do a high-granularity walk, potentially allocate
> + *	new PTEs.
> + */
> +int hugetlb_full_walk_alloc(struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +				   struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> +				   unsigned long addr,
> +				   unsigned long target_sz)
> +{
> +	struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
> +	unsigned long sz = huge_page_size(h);
> +	/*
> +	 * We must mask the address appropriately so that we pick up the first
> +	 * PTE in a contiguous group.
> +	 */
> +	pte_t *ptep = huge_pte_alloc(vma->vm_mm, vma, addr & huge_page_mask(h),
> +				     sz);
> +
> +	if (!ptep)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +	return hugetlb_hgm_walk(hpte, ptep, vma, addr, target_sz, true);
> +}
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_GENERAL_HUGETLB
>  pte_t *huge_pte_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>  			unsigned long addr, unsigned long sz)
> @@ -7382,6 +7553,48 @@ pte_t *huge_pte_offset(struct mm_struct *mm,
>  	return (pte_t *)pmd;
>  }
>  
> +/*
> + * hugetlb_walk_step() - Walk the page table one step to resolve the page
> + * (hugepage or subpage) entry at address @addr.
> + *
> + * @sz always points at the final target PTE size (e.g. PAGE_SIZE for the
> + * lowest level PTE).
> + *
> + * @hpte will always remain valid, even if this function fails.
> + *
> + * Architectures that implement this function must ensure that if @hpte does
> + * not change levels, then its PTL must also stay the same.
> + */
> +int hugetlb_walk_step(struct mm_struct *mm, struct hugetlb_pte *hpte,
> +		      unsigned long addr, unsigned long sz)
> +{
> +	pte_t *ptep;
> +	spinlock_t *ptl;
> +
> +	switch (hpte->level) {
> +	case HUGETLB_LEVEL_PUD:
> +		ptep = (pte_t *)hugetlb_alloc_pmd(mm, hpte, addr);
> +		if (IS_ERR(ptep))
> +			return PTR_ERR(ptep);
> +		hugetlb_pte_init(mm, hpte, ptep, PMD_SHIFT,
> +				 HUGETLB_LEVEL_PMD);
> +		break;
> +	case HUGETLB_LEVEL_PMD:
> +		ptep = hugetlb_alloc_pte(mm, hpte, addr);
> +		if (IS_ERR(ptep))
> +			return PTR_ERR(ptep);
> +		ptl = pte_lockptr(mm, (pmd_t *)hpte->ptep);

Is that right?  hpte->ptep is the PMD level entry.  It seems
pte_lockptr() -> ptlock_ptr(pmd_page(*pmd)) -> return page->ptl
But, I would think we want the page mm->page_table_lock for newly
allocated PTE.

-- 
Mike Kravetz

> +		__hugetlb_pte_init(hpte, ptep, PAGE_SHIFT,
> +				   HUGETLB_LEVEL_PTE, ptl);
> +		break;
> +	default:
> +		WARN_ONCE(1, "%s: got invalid level: %d (shift: %d)\n",
> +				__func__, hpte->level, hpte->shift);
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +	}
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  /*
>   * Return a mask that can be used to update an address to the last huge
>   * page in a page table page mapping size.  Used to skip non-present
> -- 
> 2.39.2.637.g21b0678d19-goog
> 

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