linux-kernel - [RFC PATCH 1/3] mm: Don't pin ZERO_PAGE in pin_user

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Date:   Thu, 25 May 2023 16:51:00 +0100
From:   David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>
To:     Christoph Hellwig <hch@...radead.org>,
        David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
Cc:     David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>, Jens Axboe <axboe@...nel.dk>,
        Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
        Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>, Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>,
        Jeff Layton <jlayton@...nel.org>,
        Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@...dia.com>,
        Logan Gunthorpe <logang@...tatee.com>,
        Hillf Danton <hdanton@...a.com>,
        Christian Brauner <brauner@...nel.org>,
        Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
        linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org, linux-block@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
Subject: [RFC PATCH 1/3] mm: Don't pin ZERO_PAGE in pin_user_pages()

Make pin_user_pages*() leave the ZERO_PAGE unpinned if it extracts a
pointer to it from the page tables and make unpin_user_page*()
correspondingly ignore the ZERO_PAGE when unpinning.  We don't want to risk
overrunning the zero page's refcount as we're only allowed ~2 million pins
on it - something that userspace can conceivably trigger.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>
cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@...radead.org>
cc: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@...nel.dk>
cc: Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>
cc: Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@...nel.org>
cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@...dia.com>
cc: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@...tatee.com>
cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@...a.com>
cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@...nel.org>
cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>
cc: linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org
cc: linux-block@...r.kernel.org
cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@...ck.org
---
 mm/gup.c | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/mm/gup.c b/mm/gup.c
index bbe416236593..d2662aa8cf01 100644
--- a/mm/gup.c
+++ b/mm/gup.c
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ static inline void sanity_check_pinned_pages(struct page **pages,
 		struct page *page = *pages;
 		struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
 
-		if (!folio_test_anon(folio))
+		if (page == ZERO_PAGE(0) ||
+		    !folio_test_anon(folio))
 			continue;
 		if (!folio_test_large(folio) || folio_test_hugetlb(folio))
 			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageAnonExclusive(&folio->page), page);
@@ -131,6 +132,13 @@ struct folio *try_grab_folio(struct page *page, int refs, unsigned int flags)
 	else if (flags & FOLL_PIN) {
 		struct folio *folio;
 
+		/*
+		 * Don't take a pin on the zero page - it's not going anywhere
+		 * and it is used in a *lot* of places.
+		 */
+		if (page == ZERO_PAGE(0))
+			return page_folio(ZERO_PAGE(0));
+
 		/*
 		 * Can't do FOLL_LONGTERM + FOLL_PIN gup fast path if not in a
 		 * right zone, so fail and let the caller fall back to the slow
@@ -180,6 +188,8 @@ struct folio *try_grab_folio(struct page *page, int refs, unsigned int flags)
 static void gup_put_folio(struct folio *folio, int refs, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	if (flags & FOLL_PIN) {
+		if (folio == page_folio(ZERO_PAGE(0)))
+			return;
 		node_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_FOLL_PIN_RELEASED, refs);
 		if (folio_test_large(folio))
 			atomic_sub(refs, &folio->_pincount);
@@ -224,6 +234,13 @@ int __must_check try_grab_page(struct page *page, unsigned int flags)
 	if (flags & FOLL_GET)
 		folio_ref_inc(folio);
 	else if (flags & FOLL_PIN) {
+		/*
+		 * Don't take a pin on the zero page - it's not going anywhere
+		 * and it is used in a *lot* of places.
+		 */
+		if (page == ZERO_PAGE(0))
+			return 0;
+
 		/*
 		 * Similar to try_grab_folio(): be sure to *also*
 		 * increment the normal page refcount field at least once,
@@ -3079,6 +3096,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_user_pages_fast);
  *
  * FOLL_PIN means that the pages must be released via unpin_user_page(). Please
  * see Documentation/core-api/pin_user_pages.rst for further details.
+ *
+ * Note that if the zero_page is amongst the returned pages, it will not have
+ * pins in it and unpin_user_page() will not remove pins from it.
  */
 int pin_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages,
 			unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages)
@@ -3161,6 +3181,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(pin_user_pages);
  * pin_user_pages_unlocked() is the FOLL_PIN variant of
  * get_user_pages_unlocked(). Behavior is the same, except that this one sets
  * FOLL_PIN and rejects FOLL_GET.
+ *
+ * Note that if the zero_page is amongst the returned pages, it will not have
+ * pins in it and unpin_user_page() will not remove pins from it.
  */
 long pin_user_pages_unlocked(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
 			     struct page **pages, unsigned int gup_flags)