Message-ID: <CALTww2_ZXr5kHeRdJ_=xpGQHk97GuZ_cY9i5gAs8a8K-TQLkPQ@mail.gmail.com>
Date:   Wed, 14 Jun 2023 14:37:53 +0800
From:   Xiao Ni <xni@...hat.com>
To:     Yu Kuai <yukuai1@...weicloud.com>
Cc:     guoqing.jiang@...ux.dev, agk@...hat.com, snitzer@...nel.org,
        dm-devel@...hat.com, song@...nel.org, linux-raid@...r.kernel.org,
        yangerkun@...wei.com, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        yi.zhang@...wei.com, "yukuai (C)" <yukuai3@...wei.com>
Subject: Re: [dm-devel] [PATCH -next v2 4/6] md: refactor idle/frozen_sync_thread()
 to fix deadlock

On Wed, Jun 14, 2023 at 2:05 PM Yu Kuai <yukuai1@...weicloud.com> wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> 在 2023/06/14 11:47, Xiao Ni 写道:
> > On Wed, Jun 14, 2023 at 9:48 AM Yu Kuai <yukuai1@...weicloud.com> wrote:
> >>
> >> Hi,
> >>
> >> 在 2023/06/13 22:50, Xiao Ni 写道:
> >>>
> >>> 在 2023/5/29 下午9:20, Yu Kuai 写道:
> >>>> From: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@...wei.com>
> >>>>
> >>>> Our test found a following deadlock in raid10:
> >>>>
> >>>> 1) Issue a normal write, and such write failed:
> >>>>
> >>>>     raid10_end_write_request
> >>>>      set_bit(R10BIO_WriteError, &r10_bio->state)
> >>>>      one_write_done
> >>>>       reschedule_retry
> >>>>
> >>>>     // later from md thread
> >>>>     raid10d
> >>>>      handle_write_completed
> >>>>       list_add(&r10_bio->retry_list, &conf->bio_end_io_list)
> >>>>
> >>>>     // later from md thread
> >>>>     raid10d
> >>>>      if (!test_bit(MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING, &mddev->sb_flags))
> >>>>       list_move(conf->bio_end_io_list.prev, &tmp)
> >>>>       r10_bio = list_first_entry(&tmp, struct r10bio, retry_list)
> >>>>       raid_end_bio_io(r10_bio)
> >>>>
> >>>> Dependency chain 1: normal io is waiting for updating superblock
> >>>
> >>> Hi Kuai
> >>>
> >>> It looks like the above situation is more complex. It only needs a
> >>> normal write and md_write_start needs to
> >>>
> >>> wait until the metadata is written to member disks, right? If so, it
> >>> doesn't need to introduce raid10 write failure
> >>>
> >>> here. I guess, it should be your test case. It's nice, if you can put
> >>> your test steps in the patch. But for the analysis
> >>>
> >>> of the deadlock here, it's better to be simple.
> >>
> >> Test script can be found here, it's pretty easy to trigger:
> >>
> >> https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-raid/patch/20230529132826.2125392-4-yukuai1@huaweicloud.com/
> >
> > Thanks for this.
> >>
> >> While reviewing the related code, I found that io can only be added to
> >> list bio_end_io_list from handle_write_completed() if such io failed, so
> >> I think io failure is needed to trigger deadlock from daemon thread.
> >>
> >> I think the key point is how MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING is set:
> >>
> >> 1) raid10_error() and rdev_set_badblocks(), trigger by io failure;
> >> 2) raid10_write_request() related to reshape;
> >> 3) md_write_start() and md_allow_write(), and mddev->in_sync is set,
> >> however, I was thinking this is not a common case;
> >>
> >> 1) is used here because it's quite easy to trigger and this is what
> >> we meet in real test. 3) is possible but I will say let's keep 1), I
> >> don't think it's necessary to reporduce this deadlock through another
> >> path again.
> >
> > It makes sense. Let's go back to the first path mentioned in the patch.
> >
> >> 1) Issue a normal write, and such write failed:
> >>
> >>     raid10_end_write_request
> >>      set_bit(R10BIO_WriteError, &r10_bio->state)
> >>      one_write_done
> >>       reschedule_retry
> >
> > This is good.
> >>
> >>     // later from md thread
> >>     raid10d
> >>      handle_write_completed
> >>       list_add(&r10_bio->retry_list, &conf->bio_end_io_list)
> >
> > I have a question here. It should run narrow_write_error in
> > handle_write_completed. In the test case, will narrow_write_error run
> > successfully? Or it fails and will call rdev_set_badblocks and
> > md_error. So MD_RECOVERY_PENDING will be set?
>
> r10_bio will always be added to bio_end_io_list, no matter
> narrow_write_error() succeed or not. The dependecy chain 1 here is just
> indicate handle this r10_bio will wait for updating super block, it's
> not where MD_RECOVERY_PENDING is set...
>
> And MD_RECOVERY_PENDING can be set from narrow_write_error() and other
> places where rdev_set_badblocks() is called.

Because in your patch, it doesn't show which step sets
MD_RECOVERY_PENDING. It's the reason I need to guess. It's a normal
write, so md_write_start can set the flag. In this case, it can cause
the same deadlock. So it's better to give which step sets the flag.
> >
> >>
> >>     // later from md thread
> >>     raid10d
> >>      if (!test_bit(MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING, &mddev->sb_flags))
>         -> It's here, if the flag is set, bio won't be handled.

Yes.

> >>       list_move(conf->bio_end_io_list.prev, &tmp)
> >>       r10_bio = list_first_entry(&tmp, struct r10bio, retry_list)
> >>       raid_end_bio_io(r10_bio)
> >>
> >> Dependency chain 1: normal io is waiting for updating superblock
> >
> > It's a little hard to understand. Because it doesn't show how normal
> > io waits for a superblock update. And based on your last email, I
> > guess you want to say rdev_set_badblock sets MD_RECOVERY_PENDING, but
> > the flag can't be cleared, so the bios can't be added to
> > bio_end_io_list, so the io rquests can't be finished.
>
> It's not that bio can't be added to bio_end_io_list, it's that bio in
> this list can't be handled if sb_flags is set.

Sorry for this. I wanted to say the same thing. I understand the case totally.

Regards
Xiao
>
> Thanks,
> Kuai
> >
> > Regards
> > Xiao
> >>
> >> Thanks,
> >> Kuai
> >>>
> >>>>
> >>>> 2) Trigger a recovery:
> >>>>
> >>>>     raid10_sync_request
> >>>>      raise_barrier
> >>>>
> >>>> Dependency chain 2: sync thread is waiting for normal io
> >>>>
> >>>> 3) echo idle/frozen to sync_action:
> >>>>
> >>>>     action_store
> >>>>      mddev_lock
> >>>>       md_unregister_thread
> >>>>        kthread_stop
> >>>>
> >>>> Dependency chain 3: drop 'reconfig_mutex' is waiting for sync thread
> >>>>
> >>>> 4) md thread can't update superblock:
> >>>>
> >>>>     raid10d
> >>>>      md_check_recovery
> >>>>       if (mddev_trylock(mddev))
> >>>>        md_update_sb
> >>>>
> >>>> Dependency chain 4: update superblock is waiting for 'reconfig_mutex'
> >>>>
> >>>> Hence cyclic dependency exist, in order to fix the problem, we must
> >>>> break one of them. Dependency 1 and 2 can't be broken because they are
> >>>> foundation design. Dependency 4 may be possible if it can be guaranteed
> >>>> that no io can be inflight, however, this requires a new mechanism which
> >>>> seems complex. Dependency 3 is a good choice, because idle/frozen only
> >>>> requires sync thread to finish, which can be done asynchronously that is
> >>>> already implemented, and 'reconfig_mutex' is not needed anymore.
> >>>>
> >>>> This patch switch 'idle' and 'frozen' to wait sync thread to be done
> >>>> asynchronously, and this patch also add a sequence counter to record how
> >>>> many times sync thread is done, so that 'idle' won't keep waiting on new
> >>>> started sync thread.
> >>>
> >>> In the patch, sync_seq is added in md_reap_sync_thread. In
> >>> idle_sync_thread, if sync_seq isn't equal
> >>>
> >>> mddev->sync_seq, it should mean there is someone that stops the sync
> >>> thread already, right? Why do
> >>>
> >>> you say 'new started sync thread' here?
> >>>
> >>> Regards
> >>>
> >>> Xiao
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>>
> >>>> Noted that raid456 has similiar deadlock([1]), and it's verified[2] this
> >>>> deadlock can be fixed by this patch as well.
> >>>>
> >>>> [1]
> >>>> https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/5ed54ffc-ce82-bf66-4eff-390cb23bc1ac@molgen.mpg.de/T/#t
> >>>>
> >>>> [2]
> >>>> https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/e9067438-d713-f5f3-0d3d-9e6b0e9efa0e@huaweicloud.com/
> >>>>
> >>>> Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@...wei.com>
> >>>> ---
> >>>>    drivers/md/md.c | 23 +++++++++++++++++++----
> >>>>    drivers/md/md.h |  2 ++
> >>>>    2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> >>>>
> >>>> diff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c
> >>>> index 63a993b52cd7..7912de0e4d12 100644
> >>>> --- a/drivers/md/md.c
> >>>> +++ b/drivers/md/md.c
> >>>> @@ -652,6 +652,7 @@ void mddev_init(struct mddev *mddev)
> >>>>        timer_setup(&mddev->safemode_timer, md_safemode_timeout, 0);
> >>>>        atomic_set(&mddev->active, 1);
> >>>>        atomic_set(&mddev->openers, 0);
> >>>> +    atomic_set(&mddev->sync_seq, 0);
> >>>>        spin_lock_init(&mddev->lock);
> >>>>        atomic_set(&mddev->flush_pending, 0);
> >>>>        init_waitqueue_head(&mddev->sb_wait);
> >>>> @@ -4776,19 +4777,27 @@ static void stop_sync_thread(struct mddev *mddev)
> >>>>        if (work_pending(&mddev->del_work))
> >>>>            flush_workqueue(md_misc_wq);
> >>>> -    if (mddev->sync_thread) {
> >>>> -        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &mddev->recovery);
> >>>> -        md_reap_sync_thread(mddev);
> >>>> -    }
> >>>> +    set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &mddev->recovery);
> >>>> +    /*
> >>>> +     * Thread might be blocked waiting for metadata update which will
> >>>> now
> >>>> +     * never happen
> >>>> +     */
> >>>> +    md_wakeup_thread_directly(mddev->sync_thread);
> >>>>        mddev_unlock(mddev);
> >>>>    }
> >>>>    static void idle_sync_thread(struct mddev *mddev)
> >>>>    {
> >>>> +    int sync_seq = atomic_read(&mddev->sync_seq);
> >>>> +
> >>>>        mutex_lock(&mddev->sync_mutex);
> >>>>        clear_bit(MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN, &mddev->recovery);
> >>>>        stop_sync_thread(mddev);
> >>>> +
> >>>> +    wait_event(resync_wait, sync_seq != atomic_read(&mddev->sync_seq) ||
> >>>> +            !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_RUNNING, &mddev->recovery));
> >>>> +
> >>>>        mutex_unlock(&mddev->sync_mutex);
> >>>>    }
> >>>> @@ -4797,6 +4806,10 @@ static void frozen_sync_thread(struct mddev
> >>>> *mddev)
> >>>>        mutex_init(&mddev->delete_mutex);
> >>>>        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN, &mddev->recovery);
> >>>>        stop_sync_thread(mddev);
> >>>> +
> >>>> +    wait_event(resync_wait, mddev->sync_thread == NULL &&
> >>>> +            !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_RUNNING, &mddev->recovery));
> >>>> +
> >>>>        mutex_unlock(&mddev->sync_mutex);
> >>>>    }
> >>>> @@ -9472,6 +9485,8 @@ void md_reap_sync_thread(struct mddev *mddev)
> >>>>        /* resync has finished, collect result */
> >>>>        md_unregister_thread(&mddev->sync_thread);
> >>>> +    atomic_inc(&mddev->sync_seq);
> >>>> +
> >>>>        if (!test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_INTR, &mddev->recovery) &&
> >>>>            !test_bit(MD_RECOVERY_REQUESTED, &mddev->recovery) &&
> >>>>            mddev->degraded != mddev->raid_disks) {
> >>>> diff --git a/drivers/md/md.h b/drivers/md/md.h
> >>>> index 2fa903de5bd0..7cab9c7c45b8 100644
> >>>> --- a/drivers/md/md.h
> >>>> +++ b/drivers/md/md.h
> >>>> @@ -539,6 +539,8 @@ struct mddev {
> >>>>        /* Used to synchronize idle and frozen for action_store() */
> >>>>        struct mutex            sync_mutex;
> >>>> +    /* The sequence number for sync thread */
> >>>> +    atomic_t sync_seq;
> >>>>        bool    has_superblocks:1;
> >>>>        bool    fail_last_dev:1;
> >>>
> >>> --
> >>> dm-devel mailing list
> >>> dm-devel@...hat.com
> >>> https://listman.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/dm-devel
> >>
> >
> > .
> >
>

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