Message-ID: <CADVnQy=OumgmsbsQ8QLhUiyUNN95Ay2guVjgGVVLH93QXanBSw@mail.gmail.com>
Date:   Fri, 28 Jul 2023 07:25:13 -0700
From:   Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@...gle.com>
To:     Eric Dumazet <edumazet@...gle.com>
Cc:     Menglong Dong <menglong8.dong@...il.com>, davem@...emloft.net,
        kuba@...nel.org, pabeni@...hat.com, dsahern@...nel.org,
        netdev@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        Menglong Dong <imagedong@...cent.com>,
        Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@...gle.com>,
        Soheil Hassas Yeganeh <soheil@...gle.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH net-next 3/3] net: tcp: check timeout by
 icsk->icsk_timeout in tcp_retransmit_timer()

On Fri, Jul 28, 2023 at 1:50 AM Eric Dumazet <edumazet@...gle.com> wrote:
>
> On Fri, Jul 28, 2023 at 8:25 AM Menglong Dong <menglong8.dong@...il.com> wrote:
> >
> > On Fri, Jul 28, 2023 at 12:44 PM Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@...gle.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Thu, Jul 27, 2023 at 7:57 PM Menglong Dong <menglong8.dong@...il.com> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > On Fri, Jul 28, 2023 at 3:31 AM Eric Dumazet <edumazet@...gle.com> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > On Thu, Jul 27, 2023 at 2:52 PM <menglong8.dong@...il.com> wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > From: Menglong Dong <imagedong@...cent.com>
> > > > > >
> > > > > > In tcp_retransmit_timer(), a window shrunk connection will be regarded
> > > > > > as timeout if 'tcp_jiffies32 - tp->rcv_tstamp > TCP_RTO_MAX'. This is not
> > > > > > right all the time.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > The retransmits will become zero-window probes in tcp_retransmit_timer()
> > > > > > if the 'snd_wnd==0'. Therefore, the icsk->icsk_rto will come up to
> > > > > > TCP_RTO_MAX sooner or later.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > However, the timer is not precise enough, as it base on timer wheel.
> > > > > > Sorry that I am not good at timer, but I know the concept of time-wheel.
> > > > > > The longer of the timer, the rougher it will be. So the timeout is not
> > > > > > triggered after TCP_RTO_MAX, but 122877ms as I tested.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Therefore, 'tcp_jiffies32 - tp->rcv_tstamp > TCP_RTO_MAX' is always true
> > > > > > once the RTO come up to TCP_RTO_MAX.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Fix this by replacing the 'tcp_jiffies32' with '(u32)icsk->icsk_timeout',
> > > > > > which is exact the timestamp of the timeout.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Signed-off-by: Menglong Dong <imagedong@...cent.com>
> > > > > > ---
> > > > > >  net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c | 6 +++++-
> > > > > >  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> > > > > >
> > > > > > diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
> > > > > > index 470f581eedd4..3a20db15a186 100644
> > > > > > --- a/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
> > > > > > +++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
> > > > > > @@ -511,7 +511,11 @@ void tcp_retransmit_timer(struct sock *sk)
> > > > > >                                             tp->snd_una, tp->snd_nxt);
> > > > > >                 }
> > > > > >  #endif
> > > > > > -               if (tcp_jiffies32 - tp->rcv_tstamp > TCP_RTO_MAX) {
> > > > > > +               /* It's a little rough here, we regard any valid packet that
> > > > > > +                * update tp->rcv_tstamp as the reply of the retransmitted
> > > > > > +                * packet.
> > > > > > +                */
> > > > > > +               if ((u32)icsk->icsk_timeout - tp->rcv_tstamp > TCP_RTO_MAX) {
> > > > > >                         tcp_write_err(sk);
> > > > > >                         goto out;
> > > > > >                 }
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > Hmm, this looks like a net candidate, since this is unrelated to the
> > > > > other patches ?
> > > >
> > > > Yeah, this patch can be standalone. However, considering the
> > > > purpose of this series, it is necessary. Without this patch, the
> > > > OOM probe will always timeout after a few minutes.
> > > >
> > > > I'm not sure if I express the problem clearly in the commit log.
> > > > Let's explain it more.
> > > >
> > > > Let's mark the timestamp of the 10th timeout of the rtx timer
> > > > as TS1. Now, the retransmission happens and the ACK of
> > > > the retransmitted packet will update the tp->rcv_tstamp to
> > > > TS1+rtt.
> > > >
> > > > The RTO now is TCP_RTO_MAX. So let's see what will
> > > > happen in the 11th timeout. As we timeout after 122877ms,
> > > > so tcp_jiffies32 now is "TS1+122877ms", and
> > > > "tcp_jiffies32 - tp->rcv_tstamp" is
> > > > "TS1+122877ms - (TS1+rtt)" -> "122877ms - rtt",
> > > > which is always bigger than TCP_RTO_MAX, which is 120000ms.
> > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > Neal, what do you think ?
> > >
> > > Sorry, I am probably missing something here, but: what would ever make
> > > this new proposed condition ((u32)icsk->icsk_timeout - tp->rcv_tstamp
> > > > TCP_RTO_MAX) true? :-)
> > >
> >
> > If the snd_wnd is 0, we need to keep probing until the window
> > is available. Meanwhile, any retransmission that don't have
> > a corresponding ACK (see what we do in the 1st patch), which
> > can be caused by the lost of the ACK or the lost of the retransmitted
> > packet, can make the condition true, as the tp->rcv_tstamp can't be
> > updated in time.
> >
> > This is a little strict here. In the tcp_probe_timer(), we are allowed to
> > retransmit the probe0 packet for sysctl_tcp_retries2 times. But
> > we don't allow packets to be lost here.
> >
> > > In your nicely explained scenario, your new expression,
> > > icsk->icsk_timeout - tp->rcv_tstamp, will be:
> > >
> > >   icsk->icsk_timeout - tp->rcv_tstamp
> > > = TS1 + 120 sec      - (TS1+rtt)
> > > = 120 sec - RTT
> > >
> > > AFAICT there is no way for that expression to be bigger than
> > > TCP_RTO_MAX = 120 sec unless somehow RTT is negative. :-)
> > >
> > > So AFAICT your expression ((u32)icsk->icsk_timeout - tp->rcv_tstamp >
> > > TCP_RTO_MAX) will always be false, so rather than this patch we may as
> > > well remove the if check and the body of the if block?
> > >
> >
> > Hmm......as I explained above, the condition will be true
> > if the real packet loss happens. And I think it is the origin
> > design.
> >
> > > To me such a change does not seem like a safe and clear bug fix for
> > > the "net" branch but rather a riskier design change (appropriate for
> > > "net-next" branch) that has connections retry forever when the
> > > receiver retracts the window to zero, under the estimation that this
> > > is preferable to having the connections die in such a case.
> > >
> > > There might be apps that depend on the old behavior of having
> > > connections die in such cases, so we might want to have this new
> > > fail-faster behavior guarded by a sysctl in case some sites need to
> > > revert to the older behavior? Not sure...
> >
> > Yeah, the behavior here will be different for the users. I'm not
> > sure if there are any users that rely on such behavior.
> >
> > What do you think, Eric? Do we need a sysctl here?
> >
>
> I honestly do not know what problem you want to solve.
>
> As Neal pointed out, the new condition would not trigger,
> so one can question about the whole piece of code,
> what is its purpose exactly ?
>
> When receiving WIN 0 acks, we should enter the so called probe0 state.
> Maybe the real issue is that the 'receiver' will falsely send WIN X>0 ACKS,
> because win probe acks do not really ensure memory is available to
> receive new packets ?
>
> Maybe provide a packetdrill test to show what kind of issue you are facing...
>
> In Google kernels, we have TCP_MAX_RTO reduced to 30 seconds, and the
> following test runs fine.
>
> // Test how sender reacts to unexpected arrival rwin of 0.
>
> `../common/defaults.sh`
>
> // Create a socket.
>     0 socket(..., SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP) = 3
>    +0 setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, [1], 4) = 0
>    +0 bind(3, ..., ...) = 0
>    +0 listen(3, 1) = 0
>
> // Establish a connection.
>   +.1 < S 0:0(0) win 65535 <mss 1000,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 6>
>    +0 > S. 0:0(0) ack 1 win 65535 <mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 8>
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 457
>    +0 accept(3, ..., ...) = 4
>
>    +0 write(4, ..., 20000) = 20000
>    +0 > P. 1:10001(10000) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win 0
>
> // Send zwp since we received rwin of 0 and have data to send.
>   +.3 > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win 0
>
>   +.6 > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win 0
>
>  +1.2 > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win 0
>
>  +2.4 > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win  0
>
>  +4.8 > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win  0
>
>  +9.6 > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win  0
>
> +19.2 > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win 0
>
> +30   > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win 0
>
> +30   > . 10000:10000(0) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 10001 win 193
>
> // Received non-zero window update. Send rest of the data.
>    +0 > P. 10001:20001(10000) ack 1
>   +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 20001 win 457

In that packetdrill case AFAICT that is the ZWP timer firing, and the
sender sends a ZWP.

I think maybe Menglong is looking more at something like the following
scenario, where at the time the RTO timer fires the data sender finds
the tp->snd_wnd is zero, so it sends a retransmit of the
lowest-sequence data packet.

Here is a packetdrill case and the tcpdump trace on an upstream
net-next kernel... I have not worked out all the details at the end,
but perhaps it can help move the discussion forward:


~/packetdrill/gtests/net/tcp/receiver_window# cat rwin-rto-zero-window.pkt
// Test how sender reacts to unexpected arrival rwin of 0.

`../common/defaults.sh`

// Create a socket.
    0 socket(..., SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP) = 3
   +0 setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, [1], 4) = 0
   +0 bind(3, ..., ...) = 0
   +0 listen(3, 1) = 0

// Establish a connection.
  +.1 < S 0:0(0) win 65535 <mss 1000,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 6>
   +0 > S. 0:0(0) ack 1 win 65535 <mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 14>
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 457
   +0 accept(3, ..., ...) = 4

   +0 write(4, ..., 20000) = 20000
   +0 > P. 1:10001(10000) ack 1

// TLP
  +.2 > . 10001:11001(1000) ack 1
// Receiver has retracted rwin to 0
// (perhaps from the 2023 proposed OOM code?).
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

// RTO, and in tcp_retransmit_timer() we see the receiver window is zero,
// so we take the special f (!tp->snd_wnd...) code path.
  +.2 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

  +.5 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

 +1.2 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

 +2.4 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

 +4.8 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

 +9.6 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

+19.2 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

+38.4 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

+76.8 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
  +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

+120 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
 +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1 win 0

+120 > . 1:1001(1000) ack 1
 +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 1001 win 1000

// Received non-zero window update. Send more data.
  +0 > P. 1001:3001(2000) ack 1
 +.1 < . 1:1(0) ack 3001 win 1000

----------
When I run that script on a net-next kernel I see the rounding up of
the RTO to 122 secs rather than 120 secs, but for whatever reason the
script does not cause the socket to die early...

The tcpdump trace:

 tcpdump -ttt -n -i any port 8080 &

->

~/packetdrill/gtests/net/tcp/receiver_window#
../../packetdrill/packetdrill rwin-rto-zero-window.pkt
 00:01:01.370344 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [S], seq 0, win 65535, options [mss
1000,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 6], length 0
 00:00:00.000096 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [S.], seq 3847169154, ack 1, win 65535, options [mss
1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 14], length 0
 00:00:00.100277 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 457, length 0
 00:00:00.000090 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [P.], seq 1:2001, ack 1, win 4, length 2000: HTTP
 00:00:00.000006 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [P.], seq 2001:4001, ack 1, win 4, length 2000: HTTP
 00:00:00.000003 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [P.], seq 4001:6001, ack 1, win 4, length 2000: HTTP
 00:00:00.000002 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [P.], seq 6001:8001, ack 1, win 4, length 2000: HTTP
 00:00:00.000001 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [P.], seq 8001:10001, ack 1, win 4, length 2000: HTTP
 00:00:00.209131 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 10001:11001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100190 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:00.203824 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100175 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:00.507835 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100192 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:01.115858 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100182 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:02.331747 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100198 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:04.955980 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100197 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:09.627985 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100179 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:19.355725 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100203 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:00:42.395633 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100202 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:01:17.724059 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100201 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:02:02.779516 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100229 tun0  In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1, win 0, length 0
 00:02:02.779828 tun0  Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 1:1001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.100230 ?     In  IP 192.0.2.1.51231 > 192.168.56.132.8080:
Flags [.], ack 1001, win 1000, length 0
 00:00:00.000034 ?     Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 11001:12001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP
 00:00:00.000005 ?     Out IP 192.168.56.132.8080 > 192.0.2.1.51231:
Flags [.], seq 12001:13001, ack 1, win 4, length 1000: HTTP

rwin-rto-zero-window.pkt:62: error handling packet: live packet field
tcp_psh: expected: 1 (0x1) vs actual: 0 (0x0)
script packet: 405.390244 P. 1001:3001(2000) ack 1
actual packet: 405.390237 . 11001:13001(2000) ack 1 win 4

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