Date:   Sat, 12 Aug 2023 14:37:23 +0900
From:   "Masami Hiramatsu (Google)" <mhiramat@...nel.org>
To:     Alexei Starovoitov <alexei.starovoitov@...il.com>,
        Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
        Florent Revest <revest@...omium.org>
Cc:     linux-trace-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@...ux.dev>,
        bpf <bpf@...r.kernel.org>, Sven Schnelle <svens@...ux.ibm.com>,
        Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
        Jiri Olsa <jolsa@...nel.org>,
        Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@...nel.org>,
        Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
        Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@...cle.com>,
        Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
Subject: [PATCH v3 4/8] fprobe: rethook: Use ftrace_regs in fprobe exit handler and rethook

From: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@...nel.org>

Change the fprobe exit handler and rethook to use ftrace_regs data structure
instead of pt_regs. This also introduce HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST
which means the ftrace_regs's memory layout is equal to the pt_regs so
that those are able to cast. Only if it is enabled, kretprobe will use
rethook since kretprobe requires pt_regs for backward compatibility.

This means the archs which currently implement rethook for kretprobes needs to
set that flag and it must ensure struct ftrace_regs is same as pt_regs.
If not, it must be either disabling kretprobe or implementing kretprobe
trampoline separately from rethook trampoline.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@...nel.org>
---
 Changes in v3:
  - Config rename to HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST
  - Use ftrace_regs_* APIs instead of ftrace_get_regs().
---
 arch/Kconfig                    |    1 +
 arch/loongarch/Kconfig          |    1 +
 arch/s390/Kconfig               |    1 +
 arch/x86/Kconfig                |    1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/rethook.c       |   13 +++++++------
 include/linux/fprobe.h          |    2 +-
 include/linux/rethook.h         |   11 ++++++-----
 kernel/kprobes.c                |   10 ++++++++--
 kernel/trace/Kconfig            |    7 +++++++
 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c        |    6 +++++-
 kernel/trace/fprobe.c           |    6 +++---
 kernel/trace/rethook.c          |   16 ++++++++--------
 kernel/trace/trace_fprobe.c     |    6 +++++-
 lib/test_fprobe.c               |    6 +++---
 samples/fprobe/fprobe_example.c |    2 +-
 15 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/Kconfig b/arch/Kconfig
index aff2746c8af2..e41a270c30bb 100644
--- a/arch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/Kconfig
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ config KRETPROBE_ON_RETHOOK
 	def_bool y
 	depends on HAVE_RETHOOK
 	depends on KRETPROBES
+	depends on HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST || !HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_ARGS
 	select RETHOOK
 
 config USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
diff --git a/arch/loongarch/Kconfig b/arch/loongarch/Kconfig
index e71d5bf2cee0..33c3a4598ae0 100644
--- a/arch/loongarch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/loongarch/Kconfig
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ config LOONGARCH
 	select HAVE_DMA_CONTIGUOUS
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_ARGS
+	select HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_DIRECT_CALLS
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS
 	select HAVE_EBPF_JIT
diff --git a/arch/s390/Kconfig b/arch/s390/Kconfig
index 5b39918b7042..ef06c3c2b06d 100644
--- a/arch/s390/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/s390/Kconfig
@@ -165,6 +165,7 @@ config S390
 	select HAVE_DMA_CONTIGUOUS
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_ARGS
+	select HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_DIRECT_CALLS
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS
 	select HAVE_EBPF_JIT if HAVE_MARCH_Z196_FEATURES
diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index 7422db409770..15fb8e8bf064 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -207,6 +207,7 @@ config X86
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_ARGS	if X86_64
+	select HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST	if X86_64
 	select HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_DIRECT_CALLS
 	select HAVE_SAMPLE_FTRACE_DIRECT	if X86_64
 	select HAVE_SAMPLE_FTRACE_DIRECT_MULTI	if X86_64
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/rethook.c b/arch/x86/kernel/rethook.c
index 8a1c0111ae79..d714d0276c93 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/rethook.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/rethook.c
@@ -83,7 +83,8 @@ __used __visible void arch_rethook_trampoline_callback(struct pt_regs *regs)
 	 * arch_rethook_fixup_return() which called from this
 	 * rethook_trampoline_handler().
 	 */
-	rethook_trampoline_handler(regs, (unsigned long)frame_pointer);
+	rethook_trampoline_handler((struct ftrace_regs *)regs,
+				   (unsigned long)frame_pointer);
 
 	/*
 	 * Copy FLAGS to 'pt_regs::ss' so that arch_rethook_trapmoline()
@@ -104,22 +105,22 @@ NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_rethook_trampoline_callback);
 STACK_FRAME_NON_STANDARD_FP(arch_rethook_trampoline);
 
 /* This is called from rethook_trampoline_handler(). */
-void arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct pt_regs *regs,
+void arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct ftrace_regs *fregs,
 			       unsigned long correct_ret_addr)
 {
-	unsigned long *frame_pointer = (void *)(regs + 1);
+	unsigned long *frame_pointer = (void *)(fregs + 1);
 
 	/* Replace fake return address with real one. */
 	*frame_pointer = correct_ret_addr;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_rethook_fixup_return);
 
-void arch_rethook_prepare(struct rethook_node *rh, struct pt_regs *regs, bool mcount)
+void arch_rethook_prepare(struct rethook_node *rh, struct ftrace_regs *fregs, bool mcount)
 {
-	unsigned long *stack = (unsigned long *)regs->sp;
+	unsigned long *stack = (unsigned long *)ftrace_regs_get_stack_pointer(fregs);
 
 	rh->ret_addr = stack[0];
-	rh->frame = regs->sp;
+	rh->frame = (unsigned long)stack;
 
 	/* Replace the return addr with trampoline addr */
 	stack[0] = (unsigned long) arch_rethook_trampoline;
diff --git a/include/linux/fprobe.h b/include/linux/fprobe.h
index 36c0595f7b93..b9c0c216dedb 100644
--- a/include/linux/fprobe.h
+++ b/include/linux/fprobe.h
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ struct fprobe {
 			     unsigned long ret_ip, struct ftrace_regs *regs,
 			     void *entry_data);
 	void (*exit_handler)(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long entry_ip,
-			     unsigned long ret_ip, struct pt_regs *regs,
+			     unsigned long ret_ip, struct ftrace_regs *regs,
 			     void *entry_data);
 };
 
diff --git a/include/linux/rethook.h b/include/linux/rethook.h
index 26b6f3c81a76..138d64c8b67b 100644
--- a/include/linux/rethook.h
+++ b/include/linux/rethook.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
 #include <linux/freelist.h>
+#include <linux/ftrace.h>
 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
 #include <linux/llist.h>
 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@
 
 struct rethook_node;
 
-typedef void (*rethook_handler_t) (struct rethook_node *, void *, unsigned long, struct pt_regs *);
+typedef void (*rethook_handler_t) (struct rethook_node *, void *, unsigned long, struct ftrace_regs *);
 
 /**
  * struct rethook - The rethook management data structure.
@@ -64,12 +65,12 @@ void rethook_free(struct rethook *rh);
 void rethook_add_node(struct rethook *rh, struct rethook_node *node);
 struct rethook_node *rethook_try_get(struct rethook *rh);
 void rethook_recycle(struct rethook_node *node);
-void rethook_hook(struct rethook_node *node, struct pt_regs *regs, bool mcount);
+void rethook_hook(struct rethook_node *node, struct ftrace_regs *regs, bool mcount);
 unsigned long rethook_find_ret_addr(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long frame,
 				    struct llist_node **cur);
 
 /* Arch dependent code must implement arch_* and trampoline code */
-void arch_rethook_prepare(struct rethook_node *node, struct pt_regs *regs, bool mcount);
+void arch_rethook_prepare(struct rethook_node *node, struct ftrace_regs *regs, bool mcount);
 void arch_rethook_trampoline(void);
 
 /**
@@ -84,11 +85,11 @@ static inline bool is_rethook_trampoline(unsigned long addr)
 }
 
 /* If the architecture needs to fixup the return address, implement it. */
-void arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct pt_regs *regs,
+void arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct ftrace_regs *regs,
 			       unsigned long correct_ret_addr);
 
 /* Generic trampoline handler, arch code must prepare asm stub */
-unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct pt_regs *regs,
+unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct ftrace_regs *regs,
 					 unsigned long frame);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_RETHOOK
diff --git a/kernel/kprobes.c b/kernel/kprobes.c
index ca385b61d546..8199d881168a 100644
--- a/kernel/kprobes.c
+++ b/kernel/kprobes.c
@@ -2132,7 +2132,11 @@ static int pre_handler_kretprobe(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	if (rp->entry_handler && rp->entry_handler(ri, regs))
 		rethook_recycle(rhn);
 	else
-		rethook_hook(rhn, regs, kprobe_ftrace(p));
+		/*
+		 * We can cast pt_regs to ftrace_regs because this depends on
+		 * HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST.
+		 */
+		rethook_hook(rhn, (struct ftrace_regs *)regs, kprobe_ftrace(p));
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2140,9 +2144,11 @@ NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(pre_handler_kretprobe);
 
 static void kretprobe_rethook_handler(struct rethook_node *rh, void *data,
 				      unsigned long ret_addr,
-				      struct pt_regs *regs)
+				      struct ftrace_regs *fregs)
 {
 	struct kretprobe *rp = (struct kretprobe *)data;
+	/* Ditto, this depends on HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST. */
+	struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)fregs;
 	struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
 	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb;
 
diff --git a/kernel/trace/Kconfig b/kernel/trace/Kconfig
index 976fd594b446..d56304276318 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/Kconfig
+++ b/kernel/trace/Kconfig
@@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ config HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_ARGS
 	 This allows for use of ftrace_regs_get_argument() and
 	 ftrace_regs_get_stack_pointer().
 
+config HAVE_PT_REGS_TO_FTRACE_REGS_CAST
+	bool
+	help
+	 If this is set, the memory layout of the ftrace_regs data structure
+	 is the same as the pt_regs. So the pt_regs is possible to be casted
+	 to ftrace_regs.
+
 config HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_NO_PATCHABLE
 	bool
 	help
diff --git a/kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c b/kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c
index 126acbfdb26f..31f2707f8df7 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c
@@ -2675,10 +2675,14 @@ kprobe_multi_link_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long fentry_ip,
 
 static void
 kprobe_multi_link_exit_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long fentry_ip,
-			       unsigned long ret_ip, struct pt_regs *regs,
+			       unsigned long ret_ip, struct ftrace_regs *fregs,
 			       void *data)
 {
 	struct bpf_kprobe_multi_link *link;
+	struct pt_regs *regs = ftrace_get_regs(fregs);
+
+	if (!regs)
+		return;
 
 	link = container_of(fp, struct bpf_kprobe_multi_link, fp);
 	kprobe_multi_link_prog_run(link, get_entry_ip(fentry_ip), regs);
diff --git a/kernel/trace/fprobe.c b/kernel/trace/fprobe.c
index 07deb52df44a..dfddc7e8424e 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/fprobe.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/fprobe.c
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ static inline void __fprobe_handler(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
 		if (ret)
 			rethook_recycle(rh);
 		else
-			rethook_hook(rh, ftrace_get_regs(fregs), true);
+			rethook_hook(rh, fregs, true);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ static void fprobe_kprobe_handler(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
 }
 
 static void fprobe_exit_handler(struct rethook_node *rh, void *data,
-				unsigned long ret_ip, struct pt_regs *regs)
+				unsigned long ret_ip, struct ftrace_regs *fregs)
 {
 	struct fprobe *fp = (struct fprobe *)data;
 	struct fprobe_rethook_node *fpr;
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ static void fprobe_exit_handler(struct rethook_node *rh, void *data,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	fp->exit_handler(fp, fpr->entry_ip, ret_ip, regs,
+	fp->exit_handler(fp, fpr->entry_ip, ret_ip, fregs,
 			 fp->entry_data_size ? (void *)fpr->data : NULL);
 	ftrace_test_recursion_unlock(bit);
 }
diff --git a/kernel/trace/rethook.c b/kernel/trace/rethook.c
index 5eb9b598f4e9..7c5cf9d5910c 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/rethook.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/rethook.c
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_try_get);
 /**
  * rethook_hook() - Hook the current function return.
  * @node: The struct rethook node to hook the function return.
- * @regs: The struct pt_regs for the function entry.
+ * @fregs: The struct ftrace_regs for the function entry.
  * @mcount: True if this is called from mcount(ftrace) context.
  *
  * Hook the current running function return. This must be called when the
@@ -199,9 +199,9 @@ NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_try_get);
  * from the real function entry (e.g. kprobes) @mcount must be set false.
  * This is because the way to hook the function return depends on the context.
  */
-void rethook_hook(struct rethook_node *node, struct pt_regs *regs, bool mcount)
+void rethook_hook(struct rethook_node *node, struct ftrace_regs *fregs, bool mcount)
 {
-	arch_rethook_prepare(node, regs, mcount);
+	arch_rethook_prepare(node, fregs, mcount);
 	__llist_add(&node->llist, &current->rethooks);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_hook);
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ unsigned long rethook_find_ret_addr(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long frame
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(rethook_find_ret_addr);
 
-void __weak arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct pt_regs *regs,
+void __weak arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct ftrace_regs *fregs,
 				      unsigned long correct_ret_addr)
 {
 	/*
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ void __weak arch_rethook_fixup_return(struct pt_regs *regs,
 }
 
 /* This function will be called from each arch-defined trampoline. */
-unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct pt_regs *regs,
+unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct ftrace_regs *fregs,
 					 unsigned long frame)
 {
 	struct llist_node *first, *node = NULL;
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct pt_regs *regs,
 		BUG_ON(1);
 	}
 
-	instruction_pointer_set(regs, correct_ret_addr);
+	ftrace_regs_set_instruction_pointer(fregs, correct_ret_addr);
 
 	/*
 	 * These loops must be protected from rethook_free_rcu() because those
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct pt_regs *regs,
 		handler = READ_ONCE(rhn->rethook->handler);
 		if (handler)
 			handler(rhn, rhn->rethook->data,
-				correct_ret_addr, regs);
+				correct_ret_addr, fregs);
 
 		if (first == node)
 			break;
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ unsigned long rethook_trampoline_handler(struct pt_regs *regs,
 	}
 
 	/* Fixup registers for returning to correct address. */
-	arch_rethook_fixup_return(regs, correct_ret_addr);
+	arch_rethook_fixup_return(fregs, correct_ret_addr);
 
 	/* Unlink used shadow stack */
 	first = current->rethooks.first;
diff --git a/kernel/trace/trace_fprobe.c b/kernel/trace/trace_fprobe.c
index 4d3ae79f036e..f440c97e050f 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/trace_fprobe.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/trace_fprobe.c
@@ -341,10 +341,14 @@ static int fentry_dispatcher(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long entry_ip,
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(fentry_dispatcher);
 
 static void fexit_dispatcher(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long entry_ip,
-			     unsigned long ret_ip, struct pt_regs *regs,
+			     unsigned long ret_ip, struct ftrace_regs *fregs,
 			     void *entry_data)
 {
 	struct trace_fprobe *tf = container_of(fp, struct trace_fprobe, fp);
+	struct pt_regs *regs = ftrace_get_regs(fregs);
+
+	if (!regs)
+		return;
 
 	if (trace_probe_test_flag(&tf->tp, TP_FLAG_TRACE))
 		fexit_trace_func(tf, entry_ip, ret_ip, regs);
diff --git a/lib/test_fprobe.c b/lib/test_fprobe.c
index ff607babba18..d1e80653bf0c 100644
--- a/lib/test_fprobe.c
+++ b/lib/test_fprobe.c
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ static notrace int fp_entry_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long ip,
 
 static notrace void fp_exit_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long ip,
 				    unsigned long ret_ip,
-				    struct pt_regs *regs, void *data)
+				    struct ftrace_regs *fregs, void *data)
 {
-	unsigned long ret = regs_return_value(regs);
+	unsigned long ret = ftrace_regs_return_value(fregs);
 
 	KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(current_test, preemptible());
 	if (ip != target_ip) {
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ static notrace int nest_entry_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long ip,
 
 static notrace void nest_exit_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long ip,
 				      unsigned long ret_ip,
-				      struct pt_regs *regs, void *data)
+				      struct ftrace_regs *fregs, void *data)
 {
 	KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(current_test, preemptible());
 	KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(current_test, ip, target_nest_ip);
diff --git a/samples/fprobe/fprobe_example.c b/samples/fprobe/fprobe_example.c
index 1545a1aac616..d476d1f07538 100644
--- a/samples/fprobe/fprobe_example.c
+++ b/samples/fprobe/fprobe_example.c
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static int sample_entry_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long ip,
 }
 
 static void sample_exit_handler(struct fprobe *fp, unsigned long ip,
-				unsigned long ret_ip, struct pt_regs *regs,
+				unsigned long ret_ip, struct ftrace_regs *regs,
 				void *data)
 {
 	unsigned long rip = ret_ip;

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