Date:   Thu, 24 Aug 2023 15:03:54 +0200
From:   Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>
To:     Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@...icios.com>
Cc:     Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@...el.com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
        Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@...hat.com>,
        Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@...cle.com>,
        Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@....com>,
        Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
        Ben Segall <bsegall@...gle.com>, Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>,
        Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@...hat.com>,
        Valentin Schneider <vschneid@...hat.com>,
        Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@...el.com>,
        Nitin Tekchandani <nitin.tekchandani@...el.com>,
        Yu Chen <yu.c.chen@...el.com>,
        Waiman Long <longman@...hat.com>,
        Deng Pan <pan.deng@...el.com>,
        "Gautham R . Shenoy" <gautham.shenoy@....com>,
        David Vernet <void@...ifault.com>, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/1] sched/fair: ratelimit update to tg->load_avg

On Thu, 24 Aug 2023 at 14:55, Mathieu Desnoyers
<mathieu.desnoyers@...icios.com> wrote:
>
> On 8/24/23 04:01, Aaron Lu wrote:
> > On Wed, Aug 23, 2023 at 10:05:31AM -0400, Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> >> On 8/23/23 02:08, Aaron Lu wrote:
> >>> When using sysbench to benchmark Postgres in a single docker instance
> >>> with sysbench's nr_threads set to nr_cpu, it is observed there are times
> >>> update_cfs_group() and update_load_avg() shows noticeable overhead on
> >>> a 2sockets/112core/224cpu Intel Sapphire Rapids(SPR):
> >>>
> >>>       13.75%    13.74%  [kernel.vmlinux]           [k] update_cfs_group
> >>>       10.63%    10.04%  [kernel.vmlinux]           [k] update_load_avg
> >>>
> >>> Annotate shows the cycles are mostly spent on accessing tg->load_avg
> >>> with update_load_avg() being the write side and update_cfs_group() being
> >>> the read side. tg->load_avg is per task group and when different tasks
> >>> of the same taskgroup running on different CPUs frequently access
> >>> tg->load_avg, it can be heavily contended.
> >>>
> >>> E.g. when running postgres_sysbench on a 2sockets/112cores/224cpus Intel
> >>> Sappire Rapids, during a 5s window, the wakeup number is 14millions and
> >>> migration number is 11millions and with each migration, the task's load
> >>> will transfer from src cfs_rq to target cfs_rq and each change involves
> >>> an update to tg->load_avg. Since the workload can trigger as many wakeups
> >>> and migrations, the access(both read and write) to tg->load_avg can be
> >>> unbound. As a result, the two mentioned functions showed noticeable
> >>> overhead. With netperf/nr_client=nr_cpu/UDP_RR, the problem is worse:
> >>> during a 5s window, wakeup number is 21millions and migration number is
> >>> 14millions; update_cfs_group() costs ~25% and update_load_avg() costs ~16%.
> >>>
> >>> Reduce the overhead by limiting updates to tg->load_avg to at most once
> >>> per ms. After this change, the cost of accessing tg->load_avg is greatly
> >>> reduced and performance improved. Detailed test results below.
> >>
> >> By applying your patch on top of my patchset at:
> >>
> >> https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230822113133.643238-1-mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com/
> >>
> >> The combined hackbench results look very promising:
> >>
> >> (hackbench -g 32 -f 20 --threads --pipe -l 480000 -s 100)
> >> (192 cores AMD EPYC 9654 96-Core Processor (over 2 sockets), with hyperthreading)
> >>
> >> Baseline:                                       49s
> >> With L2-ttwu-queue-skip:                        34s (30% speedup)
> >> With L2-ttwu-queue-skip + ratelimit-load-avg:   26s (46% speedup)
> >>
> >> Feel free to apply my:
> >>
> >> Reviewed-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@...icios.com>
> >> Tested-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@...icios.com>
> >
> > Thanks a lot for running this and reviewing the patch.
> > I'll add your number and tag in the changelog when sending a new
> > version.
>
> Now that I come to think of it, I have comment: why use
> sched_clock_cpu() rather than just read the jiffies value ? AFAIR,
> sched_clock can be slower than needed when read from a "remote" cpu on
> architectures that have an unsynchronized tsc.
>
> Considering that you only need a time reference more or less accurate at
> the millisecond level, I suspect that jiffies is what you are looking
> for here. This is what the NUMA balance code and rseq mm_cid use to
> execute work every N milliseconds.

tick can 4ms or even 10ms which means a rate limit up between 10ms to
20ms in the latter case

>
> Thanks,
>
> Mathieu
>
> >
> > Regards,
> > Aaron
> >
> >>>
> >>> ==============================
> >>> postgres_sysbench on SPR:
> >>> 25%
> >>> base:   42382±19.8%
> >>> patch:  50174±9.5%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> 50%
> >>> base:   67626±1.3%
> >>> patch:  67365±3.1%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> 75%
> >>> base:   100216±1.2%
> >>> patch:  112470±0.1% +12.2%
> >>>
> >>> 100%
> >>> base:    93671±0.4%
> >>> patch:  113563±0.2% +21.2%
> >>>
> >>> ==============================
> >>> hackbench on ICL:
> >>> group=1
> >>> base:    114912±5.2%
> >>> patch:   117857±2.5%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> group=4
> >>> base:    359902±1.6%
> >>> patch:   361685±2.7%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> group=8
> >>> base:    461070±0.8%
> >>> patch:   491713±0.3% +6.6%
> >>>
> >>> group=16
> >>> base:    309032±5.0%
> >>> patch:   378337±1.3% +22.4%
> >>>
> >>> =============================
> >>> hackbench on SPR:
> >>> group=1
> >>> base:    100768±2.9%
> >>> patch:   103134±2.9%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> group=4
> >>> base:    413830±12.5%
> >>> patch:   378660±16.6% (noise)
> >>>
> >>> group=8
> >>> base:    436124±0.6%
> >>> patch:   490787±3.2% +12.5%
> >>>
> >>> group=16
> >>> base:    457730±3.2%
> >>> patch:   680452±1.3% +48.8%
> >>>
> >>> ============================
> >>> netperf/udp_rr on ICL
> >>> 25%
> >>> base:    114413±0.1%
> >>> patch:   115111±0.0% +0.6%
> >>>
> >>> 50%
> >>> base:    86803±0.5%
> >>> patch:   86611±0.0%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> 75%
> >>> base:    35959±5.3%
> >>> patch:   49801±0.6% +38.5%
> >>>
> >>> 100%
> >>> base:    61951±6.4%
> >>> patch:   70224±0.8% +13.4%
> >>>
> >>> ===========================
> >>> netperf/udp_rr on SPR
> >>> 25%
> >>> base:   104954±1.3%
> >>> patch:  107312±2.8%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> 50%
> >>> base:    55394±4.6%
> >>> patch:   54940±7.4%  (noise)
> >>>
> >>> 75%
> >>> base:    13779±3.1%
> >>> patch:   36105±1.1% +162%
> >>>
> >>> 100%
> >>> base:     9703±3.7%
> >>> patch:   28011±0.2% +189%
> >>>
> >>> ==============================================
> >>> netperf/tcp_stream on ICL (all in noise range)
> >>> 25%
> >>> base:    43092±0.1%
> >>> patch:   42891±0.5%
> >>>
> >>> 50%
> >>> base:    19278±14.9%
> >>> patch:   22369±7.2%
> >>>
> >>> 75%
> >>> base:    16822±3.0%
> >>> patch:   17086±2.3%
> >>>
> >>> 100%
> >>> base:    18216±0.6%
> >>> patch:   18078±2.9%
> >>>
> >>> ===============================================
> >>> netperf/tcp_stream on SPR (all in noise range)
> >>> 25%
> >>> base:    34491±0.3%
> >>> patch:   34886±0.5%
> >>>
> >>> 50%
> >>> base:    19278±14.9%
> >>> patch:   22369±7.2%
> >>>
> >>> 75%
> >>> base:    16822±3.0%
> >>> patch:   17086±2.3%
> >>>
> >>> 100%
> >>> base:    18216±0.6%
> >>> patch:   18078±2.9%
> >>>
> >>> Reported-by: Nitin Tekchandani <nitin.tekchandani@...el.com>
> >>> Suggested-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>
> >>> Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@...el.com>
> >>> Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>
> >>> ---
> >>>    kernel/sched/fair.c  | 13 ++++++++++++-
> >>>    kernel/sched/sched.h |  1 +
> >>>    2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> >>>
> >>> diff --git a/kernel/sched/fair.c b/kernel/sched/fair.c
> >>> index c28206499a3d..a5462d1fcc48 100644
> >>> --- a/kernel/sched/fair.c
> >>> +++ b/kernel/sched/fair.c
> >>> @@ -3664,7 +3664,8 @@ static inline bool cfs_rq_is_decayed(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
> >>>     */
> >>>    static inline void update_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
> >>>    {
> >>> -   long delta = cfs_rq->avg.load_avg - cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
> >>> +   long delta;
> >>> +   u64 now;
> >>>     /*
> >>>      * No need to update load_avg for root_task_group as it is not used.
> >>> @@ -3672,9 +3673,19 @@ static inline void update_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
> >>>     if (cfs_rq->tg == &root_task_group)
> >>>             return;
> >>> +   /*
> >>> +    * For migration heavy workload, access to tg->load_avg can be
> >>> +    * unbound. Limit the update rate to at most once per ms.
> >>> +    */
> >>> +   now = sched_clock_cpu(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
> >>> +   if (now - cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg < NSEC_PER_MSEC)
> >>> +           return;
> >>> +
> >>> +   delta = cfs_rq->avg.load_avg - cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
> >>>     if (abs(delta) > cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib / 64) {
> >>>             atomic_long_add(delta, &cfs_rq->tg->load_avg);
> >>>             cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib = cfs_rq->avg.load_avg;
> >>> +           cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg = now;
> >>>     }
> >>>    }
> >>> diff --git a/kernel/sched/sched.h b/kernel/sched/sched.h
> >>> index 6a8b7b9ed089..52ee7027def9 100644
> >>> --- a/kernel/sched/sched.h
> >>> +++ b/kernel/sched/sched.h
> >>> @@ -593,6 +593,7 @@ struct cfs_rq {
> >>>     } removed;
> >>>    #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
> >>> +   u64                     last_update_tg_load_avg;
> >>>     unsigned long           tg_load_avg_contrib;
> >>>     long                    propagate;
> >>>     long                    prop_runnable_sum;
> >>
> >> --
> >> Mathieu Desnoyers
> >> EfficiOS Inc.
> >> https://www.efficios.com
> >>
>
> --
> Mathieu Desnoyers
> EfficiOS Inc.
> https://www.efficios.com
>

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