linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v7 3/8] KVM: Make __kvm_follow_pfn not imply FOLL

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Date:   Wed, 6 Sep 2023 15:03:23 -0700
From:   Sean Christopherson <seanjc@...gle.com>
To:     David Stevens <stevensd@...omium.org>
Cc:     Zhi Wang <zhi.wang.linux@...il.com>, Marc Zyngier <maz@...nel.org>,
        Michael Ellerman <mpe@...erman.id.au>,
        Peter Xu <peterx@...hat.com>,
        linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, kvmarm@...ts.linux.dev,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linuxppc-dev@...ts.ozlabs.org,
        kvm@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v7 3/8] KVM: Make __kvm_follow_pfn not imply FOLL_GET

On Wed, Sep 06, 2023, David Stevens wrote:
> On Wed, Sep 6, 2023 at 9:45 AM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@...gle.com> wrote:
> >
> > On Tue, Sep 05, 2023, David Stevens wrote:
> > > For property 2, FOLL_GET is also important. If guarded_by_mmu_notifier
> > > is set, then we're all good here. If guarded_by_mmu_notifier is not
> > > set, then the check in __kvm_follow_pfn guarantees that FOLL_GET is
> > > set. For struct page memory, we're safe because KVM will hold a
> > > reference as long as it's still using the page. For non struct page
> > > memory, we're not safe - this is where the breaking change of
> > > allow_unsafe_mappings would go. Note that for non-refcounted struct
> > > page, we can't use the allow_unsafe_mappings escape hatch. Since
> > > FOLL_GET was requested, if we returned such a page, then the caller
> > > would eventually corrupt the page refcount via kvm_release_pfn.
> >
> > Yes we can.  The caller simply needs to be made aware of is_refcounted_page.   I
> > didn't include that in the snippet below because I didn't want to write the entire
> > patch.  The whole point of adding is_refcounted_page is so that callers can
> > identify exactly what type of page was at the end of the trail that was followed.
> 
> Are you asking me to completely migrate every caller of any gfn_to_pfn
> variant to __kvm_follow_pfn, so that they can respect
> is_refcounted_page? That's the only way to make it safe for
> allow_unsafe_mappings to apply to non-refcounted pages. That is
> decidedly not simple. Or is kvm_vcpu_map the specific call site you
> care about? At best, I can try to migrate x86, and then just add some
> sort of compatibility shim for other architectures that rejects
> non-refcounted pages.

Ah, I see your conundrum.  No, I don't think it's reasonable to require you to
convert all users in every architecture.  I'll still ask, just in case you're
feeling generous, but it's not a requirement :-)

The easiest way forward I can think of is to add yet another flag to kvm_follow_pfn,
e.g. allow_non_refcounted_struct_page, to communicate whether or not the caller
has been enlightened to play nice with non-refcounted struct page memory.  We'll
need that flag no matter what, otherwise we'd have to convert all users in a single
patch (LOL).  Then your series can simply stop at a reasonable point, e.g. convert
all x86 usage (including kvm_vcpu_map(), and leave converting everything else to
future work.

E.g. I think this would be the outro of hva_to_pfn_remapped():

        if (!page)
                goto out;

        if (get_page_unless_zero(page))
                WARN_ON_ONCE(kvm_follow_refcounted_pfn(foll, page) != pfn);
 out:
        pte_unmap_unlock(ptep, ptl);

	/*
	 * TODO: Drop allow_non_refcounted_struct_page once all callers have
	 * been taught to play nice with non-refcounted tail pages.
	 */
	if (page && !foll->is_refcounted_page &&
	    !foll->allow_non_refcounted_struct_page)
		r = -EFAULT
        else if (!foll->is_refcounted_page && !foll->guarded_by_mmu_notifier &&
        	 !allow_unsafe_mappings)
        	r = -EFAULT;
        else
               *p_pfn = pfn;

        return r;

> > > Property 3 would be nice, but we've already concluded that guarding
> > > all translations with mmu notifiers is infeasible. So maintaining
> > > property 2 is the best we can hope for.
> >
> > No, #3 is just a variant of #2.  Unless you're talking about not making guarantees
> > about guest accesses being ordered with respect to VMA/memslot updates, but I
> > don't think that's the case.
> 
> I'm talking about the fact that kvm_vcpu_map is busted with respect to
> updates to VMA updates. It won't corrupt host memory because the
> mapping keeps a reference to the page, but it will continue to use
> stale translations.

True.  But barring some crazy paravirt use case, userspace modifying a mapping
that is in active use is inherently broken, the guest will have no idea that memory
just got yanked away.

Hmm, though I suppose userspace could theoretically mprotect() a mapping to be
read-only, which would "work" for mmu_notifier paths but not kvm_vcpu_map().  But
KVM doesn't provide enough information on -EFAULT for userspace to do anything in
response to a write to read-only memory, so in practice that's likely inherently
broken too.

> From [1], it sounds like you've granted that fixing that is not feasible, so
> I just wanted to make sure that this isn't the "unsafe" referred to by
> allow_unsafe_mappings.

Right, this is not the "unsafe" I'm referring to.

> [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/ZBEEQtmtNPaEqU1i@google.com/