linux-kernel - Re: aarch64 binaries using nolibc segfault before reaching the entry point

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Message-ID: <af79d880-9b0c-49c2-83b3-09ce5bd75093@t-8ch.de>
Date:   Wed, 13 Sep 2023 23:23:40 +0200
From:   Thomas Weißschuh <linux@...ssschuh.net>
To:     Willy Tarreau <w@....eu>
Cc:     Sebastian Ott <sebott@...hat.com>, Mark Brown <broonie@...nel.org>,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: aarch64 binaries using nolibc segfault before reaching the entry
 point

On 2023-09-13 22:58:38+0200, Willy Tarreau wrote:
> On Wed, Sep 13, 2023 at 10:19:00PM +0200, Thomas Weißschuh wrote:
> > > All on aarch64 running fedora37 + upstream kernel. Any hints on what could
> > > be borken here or how to actually fix it?
> > 
> > I reduced it to the following reproducer:
> > 
> >     $ cat test.c
> >     int foo;  /* It works when deleting this variable */
> >     
> >     void __attribute__((weak, noreturn, optimize("Os", "omit-frame-pointer"))) _start(void)
> >     {
> >     	__asm__ volatile (
> >     		"mov x8, 93\n"       /* NR_exit == 93 */
> >     		"svc #0\n"
> >     	);
> >     	__builtin_unreachable();
> >     }
> >     
> >     $ aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -Os -static -fno-stack-protector -Wall -nostdlib test.c
> >     $ ./a.out
> >     Segmentation fault
> > 
> > Also when running under gdb the error message is:
> > 
> >     During startup program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
> > 
> > So it seems the error already happens during loading.
> > 
> > Could be a compiler or kernel bug?
> 
> I tried here with gcc-11.4.0 native on an ubuntu-22.04 and using a
> cross gcc-9.5 executed on another box and couldn't reproduce the issue
> at all. It could be that the compiler inserts whatever, did someone
> try to disassemble de resulting program to see what it looks like ?
> Maybe we're even dealing with issues related to random stack alignment
> that causes issues past a function call due to some garbage being placed
> at the wrong place in the stack. Also, dmesg should generally report
> what (and where) the segv happened. Similarly, gdb with "info reg"
> and "disassemble $pc" should report some info.

Im using:

aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 13.2.0

It's reproducible reliably.

No output in dmesg, binary works in qemu-user.
There should be no function calls at all, or?
GDB also doesn't show any registers, it seems to fail before anything is
executed.

> 
> In my case, I just have this:
> 
>   $ objdump -d a.out 
> 
>   a.out:     file format elf64-littleaarch64
> 
> 
>   Disassembly of section .text:
> 
>   0000000000400144 <_start>:
>     400144:       d2800ba8        mov     x8, #0x5d                       // #93
>     400148:       d4000001        svc     #0x0

Looks absolutely identical for me.

> 
> The kernel is a 6.2:
> 
>   $ uname -a
>   Linux ampere 6.2.0-26-generic #26~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Jul 13 20:49:15 UTC 2 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux

Linux fedora-4gb-fsn1-1 6.4.11-200.fc38.aarch64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed Aug 16 18:01:59 UTC 2023 aarch64 GNU/Linux

(Just a default ARM VM on Hetzner with Fedora 38)