linux-kernel - Re: [BUG] KCSAN: data-race in xas_clear_mark / xas_find

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Message-ID: <3cfe5345-66a0-bb3b-a1d4-02ff2b3b098b@alu.unizg.hr>
Date:   Sun, 17 Sep 2023 21:09:10 +0200
From:   Mirsad Todorovac <mirsad.todorovac@....unizg.hr>
To:     Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>, Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        Chris Mason <clm@...com>, Josef Bacik <josef@...icpanda.com>,
        David Sterba <dsterba@...e.com>, linux-btrfs@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [BUG] KCSAN: data-race in xas_clear_mark / xas_find_marked



On 9/14/23 10:08, Jan Kara wrote:
> On Fri 18-08-23 13:21:17, Matthew Wilcox wrote:
>> On Fri, Aug 18, 2023 at 10:01:32AM +0200, Mirsad Todorovac wrote:
>>> [  206.510010] ==================================================================
>>> [  206.510035] BUG: KCSAN: data-race in xas_clear_mark / xas_find_marked
>>>
>>> [  206.510067] write to 0xffff963df6a90fe0 of 8 bytes by interrupt on cpu 22:
>>> [  206.510081]  xas_clear_mark+0xd5/0x180
>>> [  206.510097]  __xa_clear_mark+0xd1/0x100
>>> [  206.510114]  __folio_end_writeback+0x293/0x5a0
>>> [  206.520722] read to 0xffff963df6a90fe0 of 8 bytes by task 2793 on cpu 6:
>>> [  206.520735]  xas_find_marked+0xe5/0x600
>>> [  206.520750]  filemap_get_folios_tag+0xf9/0x3d0
>> Also, before submitting this kind of report, you should run the
>> trace through scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh to give us line numbers
>> instead of hex offsets, which are useless to anyone who doesn't have
>> your exact kernel build.
>>
>>> [  206.510010] ==================================================================
>>> [  206.510035] BUG: KCSAN: data-race in xas_clear_mark / xas_find_marked
>>>
>>> [  206.510067] write to 0xffff963df6a90fe0 of 8 bytes by interrupt on cpu 22:
>>> [  206.510081] xas_clear_mark (./arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:178 ./include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:115 lib/xarray.c:102 lib/xarray.c:914)
>>> [  206.510097] __xa_clear_mark (lib/xarray.c:1923)
>>> [  206.510114] __folio_end_writeback (mm/page-writeback.c:2981)
>>
>> This path is properly using xa_lock_irqsave() before calling
>> __xa_clear_mark().
>>
>>> [  206.520722] read to 0xffff963df6a90fe0 of 8 bytes by task 2793 on cpu 6:
>>> [  206.520735] xas_find_marked (./include/linux/xarray.h:1706 lib/xarray.c:1354)
>>> [  206.520750] filemap_get_folios_tag (mm/filemap.c:1975 mm/filemap.c:2273)
>>
>> This takes the RCU read lock before calling xas_find_marked() as it's
>> supposed to.
>>
>> What garbage do I have to write to tell KCSAN it's wrong?  The line
>> that's probably triggering it is currently:
>>
>>                          unsigned long data = *addr & (~0UL << offset);
> 
> I don't think it is actually wrong in this case. You're accessing xarray
> only with RCU protection so it can be changing under your hands. For
> example the code in xas_find_chunk():
> 
>                          unsigned long data = *addr & (~0UL << offset);
>                          if (data)
>                                  return __ffs(data);
> 
> is prone to the compiler refetching 'data' from *addr after checking for
> data != 0 and getting 0 the second time which would trigger undefined
> behavior of __ffs(). So that code should definitely use READ_ONCE() to make
> things safe.
> 
> BTW, find_next_bit() seems to need a similar treatment and in fact I'm not
> sure why xas_find_chunk() has a special case for XA_CHUNK_SIZE ==
> BITS_PER_LONG because find_next_bit() checks for that and handles that in a
> fast path in the same way.
> 
> 								Honza

Hi,

Thank you for your insight on the matter.

I guess you meant something like implementing this:

  include/linux/xarray.h | 2 +-
  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/xarray.h b/include/linux/xarray.h
index cb571dfcf4b1..1715fd322d62 100644
--- a/include/linux/xarray.h
+++ b/include/linux/xarray.h
@@ -1720,7 +1720,7 @@ static inline unsigned int xas_find_chunk(struct xa_state *xas, bool advance,
                 offset++;
         if (XA_CHUNK_SIZE == BITS_PER_LONG) {
                 if (offset < XA_CHUNK_SIZE) {
-                       unsigned long data = *addr & (~0UL << offset);
+                       unsigned long data = READ_ONCE(*addr) & (~0UL << offset);
                         if (data)
                                 return __ffs(data);
                 }


This apparently clears the KCSAN xas_find_marked() warning, so this might have been a data race after all.

Do you think we should escalate this to a formal patch?

Best regards,
Mirsad Todorovac