linux-kernel - [PATCH v11 15/37] x86/ptrace: Cleanup the definition of the pt

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Message-Id: <20230923094212.26520-16-xin3.li@intel.com>
Date:   Sat, 23 Sep 2023 02:41:50 -0700
From:   Xin Li <xin3.li@...el.com>
To:     linux-doc@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-edac@...r.kernel.org, linux-hyperv@...r.kernel.org,
        kvm@...r.kernel.org, xen-devel@...ts.xenproject.org
Cc:     tglx@...utronix.de, mingo@...hat.com, bp@...en8.de,
        dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com, x86@...nel.org, hpa@...or.com,
        luto@...nel.org, pbonzini@...hat.com, seanjc@...gle.com,
        peterz@...radead.org, jgross@...e.com, ravi.v.shankar@...el.com,
        mhiramat@...nel.org, andrew.cooper3@...rix.com,
        jiangshanlai@...il.com, nik.borisov@...e.com
Subject: [PATCH v11 15/37] x86/ptrace: Cleanup the definition of the pt_regs structure

struct pt_regs is hard to read because the member or section related
comments are not aligned with the members.

The 'cs' and 'ss' members of pt_regs are type of 'unsigned long' while
in reality they are only 16-bit wide. This works so far as the
remaining space is unused, but FRED will use the remaining bits for
other purposes.

To prepare for FRED:

  - Cleanup the formatting
  - Convert 'cs' and 'ss' to u16 and embed them into an union
    with a u64
  - Fixup the related printk() format strings

Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin (Intel) <hpa@...or.com>
Tested-by: Shan Kang <shan.kang@...el.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Xin Li <xin3.li@...el.com>
---
 arch/x86/entry/vsyscall/vsyscall_64.c |  2 +-
 arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h         | 44 +++++++++++++++++++--------
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c          |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/vsyscall/vsyscall_64.c b/arch/x86/entry/vsyscall/vsyscall_64.c
index e0ca8120aea8..a3c0df11d0e6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/vsyscall/vsyscall_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/vsyscall/vsyscall_64.c
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ static void warn_bad_vsyscall(const char *level, struct pt_regs *regs,
 	if (!show_unhandled_signals)
 		return;
 
-	printk_ratelimited("%s%s[%d] %s ip:%lx cs:%lx sp:%lx ax:%lx si:%lx di:%lx\n",
+	printk_ratelimited("%s%s[%d] %s ip:%lx cs:%x sp:%lx ax:%lx si:%lx di:%lx\n",
 			   level, current->comm, task_pid_nr(current),
 			   message, regs->ip, regs->cs,
 			   regs->sp, regs->ax, regs->si, regs->di);
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
index f4db78b09c8f..f08ea073edd6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
@@ -57,17 +57,19 @@ struct pt_regs {
 #else /* __i386__ */
 
 struct pt_regs {
-/*
- * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on kernel entry
- * unless syscall needs a complete, fully filled "struct pt_regs".
- */
+	/*
+	 * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on
+	 * kernel entry unless syscall needs a complete, fully filled
+	 * "struct pt_regs".
+	 */
 	unsigned long r15;
 	unsigned long r14;
 	unsigned long r13;
 	unsigned long r12;
 	unsigned long bp;
 	unsigned long bx;
-/* These regs are callee-clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. */
+
+	/* These regs are callee-clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. */
 	unsigned long r11;
 	unsigned long r10;
 	unsigned long r9;
@@ -77,18 +79,34 @@ struct pt_regs {
 	unsigned long dx;
 	unsigned long si;
 	unsigned long di;
-/*
- * On syscall entry, this is syscall#. On CPU exception, this is error code.
- * On hw interrupt, it's IRQ number:
- */
+
+	/*
+	 * orig_ax is used on entry for:
+	 * - the syscall number (syscall, sysenter, int80)
+	 * - error_code stored by the CPU on traps and exceptions
+	 * - the interrupt number for device interrupts
+	 */
 	unsigned long orig_ax;
-/* Return frame for iretq */
+
+	/* The IRETQ return frame starts here */
 	unsigned long ip;
-	unsigned long cs;
+
+	union {
+		u64	csx;	// The full 64-bit data slot containing CS
+		u16	cs;	// CS selector
+	};
+
 	unsigned long flags;
 	unsigned long sp;
-	unsigned long ss;
-/* top of stack page */
+
+	union {
+		u64	ssx;	// The full 64-bit data slot containing SS
+		u16	ss;	// SS selector
+	};
+
+	/*
+	 * Top of stack on IDT systems.
+	 */
 };
 
 #endif /* !__i386__ */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index 33b268747bb7..0f78b58021bb 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, enum show_regs_mode mode,
 
 	printk("%sFS:  %016lx(%04x) GS:%016lx(%04x) knlGS:%016lx\n",
 	       log_lvl, fs, fsindex, gs, gsindex, shadowgs);
-	printk("%sCS:  %04lx DS: %04x ES: %04x CR0: %016lx\n",
+	printk("%sCS:  %04x DS: %04x ES: %04x CR0: %016lx\n",
 		log_lvl, regs->cs, ds, es, cr0);
 	printk("%sCR2: %016lx CR3: %016lx CR4: %016lx\n",
 		log_lvl, cr2, cr3, cr4);
-- 
2.34.1