linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH kernel v3] x86/compressed/64: reduce #VC nesting for intercepted CPUID for SEV-SNP guest

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Date:   Tue, 3 Oct 2023 12:21:04 -0500
From:   Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@....com>
To:     Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@....com>, x86@...nel.org
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
        Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>
Subject: Re: [PATCH kernel v3] x86/compressed/64: reduce #VC nesting for
 intercepted CPUID for SEV-SNP guest

On 10/3/23 02:31, Alexey Kardashevskiy wrote:
> For certain intercepts an SNP guest uses the GHCB protocol to talk to
> the hypervisor from the #VC handler. The protocol requires a shared page so
> there is one per vCPU. In case NMI arrives in a middle of #VC or the NMI
> handler triggers a #VC, there is another "backup" GHCB page which stores
> the content of the first one while SVM_VMGEXIT_NMI_COMPLETE is sent.
> The vc_raw_handle_exception() handler manages main and backup GHCB pages
> via __sev_get_ghcb/__sev_put_ghcb.
> 
> This works fine for #VC and occasional NMIs but not so fine when the #VC
> handler causes intercept + another #VC. If NMI arrives during
> the second #VC, there are no more pages for SVM_VMGEXIT_NMI_COMPLETE.
> The problem place is the #VC CPUID handler which reads an MSR which
> triggers another #VC and if "perf" was running, panic happens:
> 
> Kernel panic - not syncing: Unable to handle #VC exception! GHCB and Backup GHCB are already in use
> 
> Add a helper similar to native_read_msr_safe() for making a direct hypercall
> in the SEV-ES environment. Use the new helper instead of the raw "rdmsr" to
> avoid the extra #VC event.
> 
> Fixes: ee0bfa08a345 ("x86/compressed/64: Add support for SEV-SNP CPUID table in #VC handlers")
> Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@....com>
> ---
> 
> Based on:
> https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bp/bp.git/log/?h=tip-x86-urgent
> which top at the time was:
> 62d5e970d022 "x86/sev: Change npages to unsigned long in snp_accept_memory()"
> 
> ---
> Changes:
> v3:
> * made it a function, mimic native_read_msr_safe() which 1) returns value 2) returns an error
> * removed debug backtraces the commit log as these were added for debugging and never
> appear with actual kernels
> 
> 
> v2:
> * de-uglify by defining rdmsr_safe_GHCB()
> ---
>   arch/x86/kernel/sev-shared.c | 27 +++++++++++++++++---
>   1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/sev-shared.c b/arch/x86/kernel/sev-shared.c
> index dcf325b7b022..494d92a71986 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/sev-shared.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/sev-shared.c
> @@ -241,6 +241,25 @@ static enum es_result sev_es_ghcb_hv_call(struct ghcb *ghcb,
>   	return verify_exception_info(ghcb, ctxt);
>   }
>   
> +
> +/* Paravirt SEV-ES rdmsr which avoids extra #VC event */
> +static unsigned long long ghcb_prot_read_msr(unsigned int msr, struct ghcb *ghcb,
> +					     struct es_em_ctxt *ctxt, int *err)

Alternatively you could return enum es_result and take xss as a 
parameter... six of one, half dozen of another I guess.

> +{
> +	unsigned long long ret = 0;
> +
> +	ghcb_set_rcx(ghcb, msr);
> +
> +	*err = sev_es_ghcb_hv_call(ghcb, ctxt, SVM_EXIT_MSR, 0, 0);
> +	if (*err == ES_OK)
> +		ret = (ghcb->save.rdx << 32) | ghcb->save.rax;

You should check ghcb_rax_is_valid(ghcb) and ghcb_rdx_is_valid(ghcb) 
before using the values.

> +
> +	/* Invalidate qwords for likely another following GHCB call */
> +	vc_ghcb_invalidate(ghcb);

We should probably call this on entry to the function, too, right? Not 
sure it really matters though.

Thanks,
Tom

> +
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>   static int __sev_cpuid_hv(u32 fn, int reg_idx, u32 *reg)
>   {
>   	u64 val;
> @@ -477,11 +496,11 @@ static int snp_cpuid_postprocess(struct ghcb *ghcb, struct es_em_ctxt *ctxt,
>   		if (leaf->subfn == 1) {
>   			/* Get XSS value if XSAVES is enabled. */
>   			if (leaf->eax & BIT(3)) {
> -				unsigned long lo, hi;
> +				int err = 0;
>   
> -				asm volatile("rdmsr" : "=a" (lo), "=d" (hi)
> -						     : "c" (MSR_IA32_XSS));
> -				xss = (hi << 32) | lo;
> +				xss = ghcb_prot_read_msr(MSR_IA32_XSS, ghcb, ctxt, &err);
> +				if (err != ES_OK)
> +					return -EINVAL;
>   			}
>   
>   			/*