linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] md/raid5: fix atomicity violation in raid5_cache

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Date: Fri, 22 Dec 2023 09:36:43 +0800
From: Yu Kuai <yukuai1@...weicloud.com>
To: Gui-Dong Han <2045gemini@...il.com>, song@...nel.org
Cc: linux-raid@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
 baijiaju1990@...look.com, BassCheck <bass@...a.edu.cn>,
 "yukuai (C)" <yukuai3@...wei.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] md/raid5: fix atomicity violation in raid5_cache_count

Hi,

在 2023/12/21 18:43, Gui-Dong Han 写道:
> In raid5_cache_count():
> 	if (conf->max_nr_stripes < conf->min_nr_stripes)
> 		return 0;
> 	return conf->max_nr_stripes - conf->min_nr_stripes;
> The current check is ineffective, as the values could change immediately
> after being checked.
> 
> In raid5_set_cache_size():
> 	...
> 	conf->min_nr_stripes = size;
> 	...
> 	while (size > conf->max_nr_stripes)
> 		conf->min_nr_stripes = conf->max_nr_stripes;
> 	...
> 

raid5_cache_count() is called from setup_conf() where reconfig_mtuex is
held.

raid5_set_cache_size() is called from:
1) raid5_store_stripe_cache_size(), reconfig_mutex is held
2) r5l_start() from raid5_add_disk(), reconfig_mutex is held
3) raid_ctr(), reconfig_mutex is held

So, how can they concurrent in the first place?

Thanks,
Kuai

> Due to intermediate value updates in raid5_set_cache_size(), concurrent
> execution of raid5_cache_count() and raid5_set_cache_size() may lead to
> inconsistent reads of conf->max_nr_stripes and conf->min_nr_stripes.
> The current checks are ineffective as values could change immediately
> after being checked, raising the risk of conf->min_nr_stripes exceeding
> conf->max_nr_stripes and potentially causing an integer overflow.
> 
> This possible bug is found by an experimental static analysis tool
> developed by our team. This tool analyzes the locking APIs to extract
> function pairs that can be concurrently executed, and then analyzes the
> instructions in the paired functions to identify possible concurrency bugs
> including data races and atomicity violations. The above possible bug is
> reported when our tool analyzes the source code of Linux 6.2.
> 
> To resolve this issue, it is suggested to introduce local variables
> 'min_stripes' and 'max_stripes' in raid5_cache_count() to ensure the
> values remain stable throughout the check. Adding locks in
> raid5_cache_count() fails to resolve atomicity violations, as
> raid5_set_cache_size() may hold intermediate values of
> conf->min_nr_stripes while unlocked. With this patch applied, our tool no
> longer reports the bug, with the kernel configuration allyesconfig for
> x86_64. Due to the lack of associated hardware, we cannot test the patch
> in runtime testing, and just verify it according to the code logic.
> 
> Fixes: edbe83ab4c27e ("md/raid5: allow the stripe_cache to grow and ...")
> Reported-by: BassCheck <bass@...a.edu.cn>
> Signed-off-by: Gui-Dong Han <2045gemini@...il.com>
> ---
>   drivers/md/raid5.c | 7 ++++---
>   1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/md/raid5.c b/drivers/md/raid5.c
> index 8497880135ee..62ebf33402cc 100644
> --- a/drivers/md/raid5.c
> +++ b/drivers/md/raid5.c
> @@ -7390,11 +7390,12 @@ static unsigned long raid5_cache_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
>   				       struct shrink_control *sc)
>   {
>   	struct r5conf *conf = shrink->private_data;
> -
> -	if (conf->max_nr_stripes < conf->min_nr_stripes)
> +	int max_stripes = conf->max_nr_stripes;
> +	int min_stripes = conf->min_nr_stripes;
> +	if (max_stripes < min_stripes)
>   		/* unlikely, but not impossible */
>   		return 0;
> -	return conf->max_nr_stripes - conf->min_nr_stripes;
> +	return max_stripes - min_stripes;
>   }
>   
>   static struct r5conf *setup_conf(struct mddev *mddev)
>