linux-kernel - [PATCH v6 02/36] tracing: Add a comment about ftrace

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Date: Fri, 12 Jan 2024 19:11:13 +0900
From: "Masami Hiramatsu (Google)" <mhiramat@...nel.org>
To: Alexei Starovoitov <alexei.starovoitov@...il.com>,
	Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
	Florent Revest <revest@...omium.org>
Cc: linux-trace-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@...ux.dev>,
	bpf <bpf@...r.kernel.org>,
	Sven Schnelle <svens@...ux.ibm.com>,
	Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
	Jiri Olsa <jolsa@...nel.org>,
	Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@...nel.org>,
	Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
	Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@...cle.com>,
	Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	Guo Ren <guoren@...nel.org>
Subject: [PATCH v6 02/36] tracing: Add a comment about ftrace_regs definition

From: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@...nel.org>

To clarify what will be expected on ftrace_regs, add a comment to the
architecture independent definition of the ftrace_regs.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@...nel.org>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>
---
 Changes in v3:
  - Add instruction pointer
 Changes in v2:
  - newly added.
---
 include/linux/ftrace.h |   26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/ftrace.h b/include/linux/ftrace.h
index e8921871ef9a..8b48fc621ea0 100644
--- a/include/linux/ftrace.h
+++ b/include/linux/ftrace.h
@@ -118,6 +118,32 @@ extern int ftrace_enabled;
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_ARGS
 
+/**
+ * ftrace_regs - ftrace partial/optimal register set
+ *
+ * ftrace_regs represents a group of registers which is used at the
+ * function entry and exit. There are three types of registers.
+ *
+ * - Registers for passing the parameters to callee, including the stack
+ *   pointer. (e.g. rcx, rdx, rdi, rsi, r8, r9 and rsp on x86_64)
+ * - Registers for passing the return values to caller.
+ *   (e.g. rax and rdx on x86_64)
+ * - Registers for hooking the function call and return including the
+ *   frame pointer (the frame pointer is architecture/config dependent)
+ *   (e.g. rip, rbp and rsp for x86_64)
+ *
+ * Also, architecture dependent fields can be used for internal process.
+ * (e.g. orig_ax on x86_64)
+ *
+ * On the function entry, those registers will be restored except for
+ * the stack pointer, so that user can change the function parameters
+ * and instruction pointer (e.g. live patching.)
+ * On the function exit, only registers which is used for return values
+ * are restored.
+ *
+ * NOTE: user *must not* access regs directly, only do it via APIs, because
+ * the member can be changed according to the architecture.
+ */
 struct ftrace_regs {
 	struct pt_regs		regs;
 };