Date: Wed, 24 Jan 2024 11:07:09 -0800
From: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@...il.com>
To: Ian Rogers <irogers@...gle.com>
Cc: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@...cle.com>, Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>, 
	Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>, Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>, 
	Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@...ux.dev>, Song Liu <song@...nel.org>, 
	Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@...ux.dev>, John Fastabend <john.fastabend@...il.com>, 
	KP Singh <kpsingh@...nel.org>, Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@...gle.com>, Hao Luo <haoluo@...gle.com>, 
	Jiri Olsa <jolsa@...nel.org>, bpf@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] libbpf: Add some details for BTF parsing failures

On Wed, Jan 24, 2024 at 10:18 AM Ian Rogers <irogers@...gle.com> wrote:
>
> On Wed, Jan 24, 2024 at 9:40 AM Andrii Nakryiko
> <andrii.nakryiko@...il.com> wrote:
> >
> > On Tue, Jan 23, 2024 at 8:37 PM Ian Rogers <irogers@...gle.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Tue, Jan 23, 2024 at 8:25 PM Andrii Nakryiko
> > > <andrii.nakryiko@...il.com> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > On Tue, Jan 23, 2024 at 12:44 PM Ian Rogers <irogers@...glecom> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > As CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is default off the existing "failed to find
> > > > > valid kernel BTF" message makes diagnosing the kernel build issue some
> > > > > what cryptic. Add a little more detail with the hope of helping users.
> > > > >
> > > > > Before:
> > > > > ```
> > > > > libbpf: failed to find valid kernel BTF
> > > > > libbpf: Error loading vmlinux BTF: -3
> > > > > libbpf: failed to load object 'lock_contention_bpf'
> > > > > libbpf: failed to load BPF skeleton 'lock_contention_bpf': -3
> > > > > ```
> > > > >
> > > > > After no access /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux:
> > > > > ```
> > > > > libbpf: Unable to access canonical vmlinux BTF from /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux
> > > > > libbpf: Error loading vmlinux BTF: -3
> > > > > libbpf: failed to load object 'lock_contention_bpf'
> > > > > libbpf: failed to load BPF skeleton 'lock_contention_bpf': -3
> > > > > ```
> > > > >
> > > > > After no BTF /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux:
> > > > > ```
> > > > > libbpf: Failed to load vmlinux BTF from /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux, was CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF enabled?
> > > > > libbpf: Error loading vmlinux BTF: -3
> > > > > libbpf: failed to load object 'lock_contention_bpf'
> > > > > libbpf: failed to load BPF skeleton 'lock_contention_bpf': -3
> > > > > ```
> > > > >
> > > > > Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAP-5=fU+DN_+Y=Y4gtELUsJxKNDDCOvJzPHvjUVaUoeFAzNnig@mail.gmail.com/
> > > > > Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@...gle.com>
> > > > >
> > > > > ---
> > > > > v2. Try to address review comments from Andrii Nakryiko.
> > > > > ---
> > > > >  tools/lib/bpf/btf.c | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
> > > > >  1 file changed, 35 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
> > > > >
> > > > > diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c b/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c
> > > > > index ee95fd379d4d..d8a05dda0836 100644
> > > > > --- a/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c
> > > > > +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/btf.c
> > > > > @@ -4920,16 +4920,25 @@ static int btf_dedup_remap_types(struct btf_dedup *d)
> > > > >         return 0;
> > > > >  }
> > > > >
> > > > > +static struct btf *btf__load_vmlinux_btf_path(const char *path)
> > > >
> > > > I don't think we need this helper, you literally call btf__parse() and
> > > > pr_debug(), that's all
> > > >
> > > > > +{
> > > > > +       struct btf *btf;
> > > > > +       int err;
> > > > > +
> > > > > +       btf = btf__parse(path, NULL);
> > > > > +       err = libbpf_get_error(btf);
> > > >
> > > > we should stop using libbpf_get_error, in libbpf v1.0+ it's best to do just
> > > >
> > > > btf = btf__parse(path, NULL);
> > > > if (!btf) {
> > > >     err = -errno;
> > > >     pr_debug(...);
> > > >     return NULL;
> > > > }
> > > >
> > > > > +       pr_debug("loading kernel BTF '%s': %d\n", path, err);
> > > > > +       return err ? NULL : btf;
> > > > > +}
> > > > > +
> > > > >  /*
> > > > >   * Probe few well-known locations for vmlinux kernel image and try to load BTF
> > > > >   * data out of it to use for target BTF.
> > > > >   */
> > > > >  struct btf *btf__load_vmlinux_btf(void)
> > > > >  {
> > > > > +       /* fall back locations, trying to find vmlinux on disk */
> > > > >         const char *locations[] = {
> > > > > -               /* try canonical vmlinux BTF through sysfs first */
> > > > > -               "/sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux",
> > > > > -               /* fall back to trying to find vmlinux on disk otherwise */
> > > > >                 "/boot/vmlinux-%1$s",
> > > > >                 "/lib/modules/%1$s/vmlinux-%1$s",
> > > > >                 "/lib/modules/%1$s/build/vmlinux",
> > > > > @@ -4938,29 +4947,41 @@ struct btf *btf__load_vmlinux_btf(void)
> > > > >                 "/usr/lib/debug/boot/vmlinux-%1$s.debug",
> > > > >                 "/usr/lib/debug/lib/modules/%1$s/vmlinux",
> > > > >         };
> > > > > -       char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
> > > > > +       const char *location;
> > > > >         struct utsname buf;
> > > > >         struct btf *btf;
> > > > > -       int i, err;
> > > > > +       int i;
> > > > >
> > > > > -       uname(&buf);
> > > > > +       /* try canonical vmlinux BTF through sysfs first */
> > > > > +       location = "/sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux";
> > > > > +       if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, location, R_OK, AT_EACCESS) == 0) {
> > > > > +               btf = btf__load_vmlinux_btf_path(location);
> > > > > +               if (btf)
> > > > > +                       return btf;
> > > > > +
> > > > > +               pr_warn("Failed to load vmlinux BTF from %s, was CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF enabled?\n",
> > > > > +                       location);
> > > >
> > > > Mentioning CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF seems inappropriate here,
> > > > /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux exists, we just failed to parse its data,
> > > > right? So it's not about CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF, we just don't support
> > > > something in BTF data. Just pr_warn("Failed to load vmlinux BTF from
> > > > %s: %d", location, err); should be good
> > >
> > > I think that assumes a lot about a user, they understand what BTF
> > > means, they know it is controlled by a kernel config option, and that
> > > the config option needs to be overridden (as it is defaulted off) for
> > > BTF to work. Given this escaped Raspberry Pi OS the potential for this
> > > mistake seems high - hence wanting to highlight the config option.
> >
> > But there is nothing wrong with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF, it is enabled,
> > and hence there is /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux on the system. With
> > CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF suggestion you'll just lead users astray. What
> > am I missing?
>
> Okay, so can we warn about CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF if
> /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux isn't accessible? I'd like to clear up
> confusion over permissions, generally not an issue as these tools tend
> to get run as root, and a missing kernel configuration - the issue
> with Raspberry Pi OS.

Why not do two checks. One faccessat(F_OK) (whether file exists), and
if not, report CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF. And then separately R_OK access,
and report permissions problems. Everything else will be a failure to
parse BTF.

>
> Thanks,
> Ian
>
> > >
> > > > > +       } else
> > > > > +               pr_warn("Unable to access canonical vmlinux BTF from %s\n", location);
> > > >
> > > > here the question of CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is more appropriate, if
> > > > /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux (on modern enough kernels) is missing, then
> > > > CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is missing, probably. But I'd emit this only
> > > > after trying all the fallback paths and not finding anything.
> > > >
> > > > also stylistical nit: if one side of if has {}, the other has to have
> > > > {} as well, even if it's just one line
> > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > +       uname(&buf);
> > > > >         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(locations); i++) {
> > > > > -               snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, locations[i], buf.release);
> > > > > +               char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
> > > > > +
> > > > > +               snprintf(path, sizeof(path), locations[i], buf.release);
> > > > >
> > > > > +               btf = btf__load_vmlinux_btf_path(path);
> > > > >                 if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, path, R_OK, AT_EACCESS))
> > > > >                         continue;
> > > > >
> > > > > -               btf = btf__parse(path, NULL);
> > > > > -               err = libbpf_get_error(btf);
> > > > > -               pr_debug("loading kernel BTF '%s': %d\n", path, err);
> > > > > -               if (err)
> > > > > -                       continue;
> > > > > +               btf = btf__load_vmlinux_btf_path(location);
> > > > > +               if (btf)
> > > > > +                       return btf;
> > > > >
> > > > > -               return btf;
> > > > > +               pr_warn("Failed to load vmlinux BTF from %s, was CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF enabled?\n",
> > > >
> > > > we should do better here as well. We should distinguish between "there
> > > > is vmlinux image, but it has no BTF" vs "there is no vmlinux image" vs
> > > > "vmlinux image is there, there is BTF, but we can't parse it". See
> > > > btf__parse(). We return -ENODATA if ELF doesn't have BTF, that's the
> > > > first situation. We can probably use faccessat() check for second
> > > > situation. Everything else can be reported as pr_debug() with location
> > > > (but still no CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF, it's meaningless for fallback BTF
> > > > locations)
> > > >
> > > > > +                       path);
> > > > >         }
> > > > >
> > > > > -       pr_warn("failed to find valid kernel BTF\n");
> > > >
> > > > and then here we can probably warn that we failed to find any kernel
> > > > BTF, and suggest CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF
> > >
> > > Andrii, you've basically written this patch, can I pass this over to you?
> >
> > I think it would be great if you can finish thi, thanks.
> >
> > >
> > > Thanks,
> > > Ian
> > >
> > > > >         return libbpf_err_ptr(-ESRCH);
> > > > >  }
> > > > >
> > > > > --
> > > > > 2.43.0.429.g432eaa2c6b-goog
> > > > >

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