linux-kernel - Re: [RFC PATCH 2/2] x86/kprobes: boost more instructions from grp2/3/4/5

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Date: Sun, 28 Jan 2024 15:30:50 -0600
From: Jinghao Jia <jinghao7@...inois.edu>
To: "Masami Hiramatsu (Google)" <mhiramat@...nel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>, Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
        Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
        Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com>, x86@...nel.org,
        "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        linux-trace-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 2/2] x86/kprobes: boost more instructions from
 grp2/3/4/5



On 1/27/24 20:22, Masami Hiramatsu (Google) wrote:
> On Fri, 26 Jan 2024 22:41:24 -0600
> Jinghao Jia <jinghao7@...inois.edu> wrote:
> 
>> With the instruction decoder, we are now able to decode and recognize
>> instructions with opcode extensions. There are more instructions in
>> these groups that can be boosted:
>>
>> Group 2: ROL, ROR, RCL, RCR, SHL/SAL, SHR, SAR
>> Group 3: TEST, NOT, NEG, MUL, IMUL, DIV, IDIV
>> Group 4: INC, DEC (byte operation)
>> Group 5: INC, DEC (word/doubleword/quadword operation)
>>
>> These instructions are not boosted previously because there are reserved
>> opcodes within the groups, e.g., group 2 with ModR/M.nnn == 110 is
>> unmapped. As a result, kprobes attached to them requires two int3 traps
>> as being non-boostable also prevents jump-optimization.
>>
>> Some simple tests on QEMU show that after boosting and jump-optimization
>> a single kprobe on these instructions with an empty pre-handler runs 10x
>> faster (~1000 cycles vs. ~100 cycles).
>>
>> Since these instructions are mostly ALU operations and do not touch
>> special registers like RIP, let's boost them so that we get the
>> performance benefit.
>>
> 
> As far as we check the ModR/M byte, I think we can safely run these
> instructions on trampoline buffer without adjusting results (this
> means it can be "boosted").
> I just have a minor comment, but basically this looks good to me.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@...nel.org>
> 
>> Signed-off-by: Jinghao Jia <jinghao7@...inois.edu>
>> ---
>>  arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c | 21 +++++++++++++++------
>>  1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c
>> index 792b38d22126..f847bd9cc91b 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c
>> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c
>> @@ -169,22 +169,31 @@ int can_boost(struct insn *insn, void *addr)
>>  	case 0x62:		/* bound */
>>  	case 0x70 ... 0x7f:	/* Conditional jumps */
>>  	case 0x9a:		/* Call far */
>> -	case 0xc0 ... 0xc1:	/* Grp2 */
>>  	case 0xcc ... 0xce:	/* software exceptions */
>> -	case 0xd0 ... 0xd3:	/* Grp2 */
>>  	case 0xd6:		/* (UD) */
>>  	case 0xd8 ... 0xdf:	/* ESC */
>>  	case 0xe0 ... 0xe3:	/* LOOP*, JCXZ */
>>  	case 0xe8 ... 0xe9:	/* near Call, JMP */
>>  	case 0xeb:		/* Short JMP */
>>  	case 0xf0 ... 0xf4:	/* LOCK/REP, HLT */
>> -	case 0xf6 ... 0xf7:	/* Grp3 */
>> -	case 0xfe:		/* Grp4 */
>>  		/* ... are not boostable */
>>  		return 0;
>> +	case 0xc0 ... 0xc1:	/* Grp2 */
>> +	case 0xd0 ... 0xd3:	/* Grp2 */
>> +		/* ModR/M nnn == 110 is reserved */
>> +		return X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) != 6;
>> +	case 0xf6 ... 0xf7:	/* Grp3 */
>> +		/* ModR/M nnn == 001 is reserved */
> 
> 		/* AMD uses nnn == 001 as TEST, but Intel makes it reserved. */
> 

I will incorporate this into the v2. Since nnn == 001 is still considered
reserved by Intel, we still need to prevent it from being boosted, don't
we?

--Jinghao

>> +		return X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) != 1;
>> +	case 0xfe:		/* Grp4 */
>> +		/* Only inc and dec are boostable */
>> +		return X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 0 ||
>> +		       X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 1;
>>  	case 0xff:		/* Grp5 */
>> -		/* Only indirect jmp is boostable */
>> -		return X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 4;
>> +		/* Only inc, dec, and indirect jmp are boostable */
>> +		return X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 0 ||
>> +		       X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 1 ||
>> +		       X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 4;
>>  	default:
>>  		return 1;
>>  	}
>> -- 
>> 2.43.0
>>
> 
> Thamnk you,
> 


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