Message-Id: <20240210030549.4048795-4-saravanak@google.com>
Date: Fri,  9 Feb 2024 19:05:46 -0800
From: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@...gle.com>
To: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@...gle.com>, Rob Herring <robh+dt@...nel.org>, 
	Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzysztof.kozlowski+dt@...aro.org>, Conor Dooley <conor+dt@...nel.org>, 
	Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>, "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@...nel.org>, 
	Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@...nel.org>, Frank Rowand <frowand.list@...il.com>, 
	Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@...ux.intel.com>, Daniel Scally <djrscally@...il.com>, 
	Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@...ux.intel.com>, 
	Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@...ux.intel.com>, Len Brown <lenb@...nel.org>
Cc: kernel-team@...roid.com, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, 
	devicetree@...r.kernel.org, linux-efi@...r.kernel.org, 
	linux-acpi@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH v1 3/4] dt-bindings: Add post-init-supplier property

The post-init-supplier property can be used to break a dependency cycle by
marking some supplier(s) as a post device initialization supplier(s). This
allows the kernel to do a better job at ordering initialization and
suspend/resume of the devices in a dependency cycle.

Signed-off-by: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@...gle.com>
---
 .../bindings/post-init-supplier.yaml          | 99 +++++++++++++++++++
 MAINTAINERS                                   |  3 +-
 2 files changed, 101 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/post-init-supplier.yaml

diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/post-init-supplier.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/post-init-supplier.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cf9071ecd06e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/post-init-supplier.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
+# Copyright 2018 Linaro Ltd.
+%YAML 1.2
+---
+$id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/post-init-supplier.yaml#
+$schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
+
+title: Post device initialization supplier
+
+maintainers:
+  - Saravana Kannan <saravanak@...gle.com>
+
+description: |
+  This property is used to indicate that the device(s) pointed to by the
+  property are not needed for the initialization of the device that lists this
+  property.
+
+  A device can list its suppliers in devicetree using one or more of the
+  standard devicetree bindings. By default, it would be safe to assume the
+  supplier device can be initialized before the consumer device is initialized.
+
+  However, that assumption cannot be made when there are cyclic dependecies
+  between devices. Since each device is a supplier (directly or indirectly) of
+  the others in the cycle, there is no guaranteed safe order for initalizing
+  the devices in a cycle. We can try to initialize them in an arbitrary order
+  and eventually successfully initialize all of them, but that doesn't always
+  work well.
+
+  For example, say,
+  * The device tree has the following cyclic dependency X -> Y -> Z -> X (where
+    -> denotes "depends on").
+  * But X is not needed to fully initialize Z (X might be needed only when a
+    specific functionality if requested post initialization).
+
+  If all the other -> are mandatory initialization dependencies, then trying to
+  initialize the devices in a loop (or arbitrarily) will always eventually end
+  up with the devices being initialized in the order Z, Y and X.
+
+  However, if Y is an optional supplier for X (where X provides limited
+  functionality when Y is not initialized and providing its services), then
+  trying to initialize the devices in a loop (or arbitrarily) could end up with
+  the devices being initialized in the following order:
+
+  * Z, Y and X - All devices provide full functionality
+  * Z, X and Y - X provides partial functionality
+  * X, Z and Y - X provides partial functionality
+
+  However, we always want to initialize the devices in the order Z, Y and X
+  since that provides the full functionality without interruptions.
+
+  One alternate option that might be suggested is to have the driver for X
+  notice that Y became available at a later point and adjust the functionality
+  it provides. However, other userspace applications could have started using X
+  with the limited functionality before Y was available and it might not be
+  possible to transparently transition X or the users of X to full
+  functionality while X is in use.
+
+  Similarly, when it comes to suspend (resume) ordering, it's unclear which
+  device in a dependency cycle needs to be suspended/resumed first and trying
+  arbitrary orders can result in system crashes or instability.
+
+  Explicitly calling out which link in a cycle needs to be broken when
+  determining the order, simplifies things a lot, improves efficiency, makes
+  the behavior more deterministic and maximizes the functionality that can be
+  provided without interruption.
+
+  This property is used to provide this additional information between devices
+  in a cycle by telling which supplier(s) is not needed for initializing the
+  device that lists this property.
+
+  In the example above, Z would list X as a post-init-supplier and the
+  initialization dependency would become X -> Y -> Z -/-> X. So the best order
+  to initialize them become clear: Z, Y and then X.
+
+properties:
+  # A dictionary of DT properties for this binding schema
+  post-init-supplier:
+    # One or more suppliers can be marked as post initialization supplier
+    minItems: 1
+    description:
+      List of phandles to suppliers that are not needed for initializing or
+      resuming this device.
+    $ref: /schemas/types.yaml#/definitions/phandle
+
+examples:
+  - |
+    gcc: general-clock-controller@...0 {
+        compatible = "vendor,soc4-gcc", "vendor,soc1-gcc";
+        reg = <0x1000 0x80>;
+        clocks = <&dispcc 0x1>
+        #clock-cells = <1>;
+        post-init-supplier = <&dispcc>;
+    };
+    dispcc: display-clock-controller@...0 {
+        compatible = "vendor,soc4-dispcc", "vendor,soc1-dispcc";
+        reg = <0x2000 0x80>;
+        clocks = <&gcc 0xdd>
+        #clock-cells = <1>;
+    };
diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index 3dfe7ea25320..40fd498543a5 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -6055,10 +6055,11 @@ S:	Maintained
 F:	drivers/base/devcoredump.c
 F:	include/linux/devcoredump.h
 
-DEVICE DEPENDENCY HELPER SCRIPT
+FIRMWARE DEVICE LINK (fw_devlink)
 M:	Saravana Kannan <saravanak@...gle.com>
 L:	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
 S:	Maintained
+F:	Documentation/devicetree/bindings/post-init-supplier.yaml
 F:	scripts/dev-needs.sh
 
 DEVICE DIRECT ACCESS (DAX)
-- 
2.43.0.687.g38aa6559b0-goog

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