linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v2] bpf: Replace bpf_lpm_trie_key 0-length array with flexible array

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Date: Mon, 19 Feb 2024 11:48:37 -0800
From: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
To: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>
Cc: "Gustavo A. R. Silva" <gustavo@...eddedor.com>,
	Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
	Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>,
	Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>,
	Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@...ux.dev>, Song Liu <song@...nel.org>,
	Yonghong Song <yhs@...com>,
	John Fastabend <john.fastabend@...il.com>,
	KP Singh <kpsingh@...nel.org>, Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@...gle.com>,
	Hao Luo <haoluo@...gle.com>, Jiri Olsa <jolsa@...nel.org>,
	Mykola Lysenko <mykolal@...com>, Shuah Khan <shuah@...nel.org>,
	Haowen Bai <baihaowen@...zu.com>, bpf@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-kselftest@...r.kernel.org,
	Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@...ux.dev>,
	Anton Protopopov <aspsk@...valent.com>,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-hardening@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] bpf: Replace bpf_lpm_trie_key 0-length array with
 flexible array

On Mon, Feb 19, 2024 at 06:48:41PM +0100, Daniel Borkmann wrote:
> On 2/17/24 4:03 AM, Kees Cook wrote:
> > On Fri, Feb 16, 2024 at 06:27:08PM -0600, Gustavo A. R. Silva wrote:
> > > On 2/16/24 17:55, Kees Cook wrote:
> > > > Replace deprecated 0-length array in struct bpf_lpm_trie_key with
> > > > flexible array. Found with GCC 13:
> > > > 
> > > > ../kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c:207:51: warning: array subscript i is outside array bounds of 'const __u8[0]' {aka 'const unsigned char[]'} [-Warray-bounds=]
> > > >     207 |                                        *(__be16 *)&key->data[i]);
> > > >         |                                                   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
> > > > ../include/uapi/linux/swab.h:102:54: note: in definition of macro '__swab16'
> > > >     102 | #define __swab16(x) (__u16)__builtin_bswap16((__u16)(x))
> > > >         |                                                      ^
> > > > ../include/linux/byteorder/generic.h:97:21: note: in expansion of macro '__be16_to_cpu'
> > > >      97 | #define be16_to_cpu __be16_to_cpu
> > > >         |                     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
> > > > ../kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c:206:28: note: in expansion of macro 'be16_to_cpu'
> > > >     206 |                 u16 diff = be16_to_cpu(*(__be16 *)&node->data[i]
> > > > ^
> > > >         |                            ^~~~~~~~~~~
> > > > In file included from ../include/linux/bpf.h:7:
> > > > ../include/uapi/linux/bpf.h:82:17: note: while referencing 'data'
> > > >      82 |         __u8    data[0];        /* Arbitrary size */
> > > >         |                 ^~~~
> > > > 
> > > > And found at run-time under CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE:
> > > > 
> > > >     UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c:218:49
> > > >     index 0 is out of range for type '__u8 [*]'
> > > > 
> > > > This includes fixing the selftest which was incorrectly using a
> > > > variable length struct as a header, identified earlier[1]. Avoid this
> > > > by just explicitly including the prefixlen member instead of struct
> > > > bpf_lpm_trie_key.
> > > > 
> > > > Note that it is not possible to simply remove the "data" member, as it
> > > > is referenced by userspace
> > > > 
> > > > cilium:
> > > >           struct egress_gw_policy_key in_key = {
> > > >                   .lpm_key = { 32 + 24, {} },
> > > >                   .saddr   = CLIENT_IP,
> > > >                   .daddr   = EXTERNAL_SVC_IP & 0Xffffff,
> > > >           };
> > > > 
> > > > systemd:
> > > > 	ipv6_map_fd = bpf_map_new(
> > > > 			BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE,
> > > > 			offsetof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key, data) + sizeof(uint32_t)*4,
> > > > 			sizeof(uint64_t),
> > > > 			...
> > > > 
> > > > The only risk to UAPI would be if sizeof() were used directly on the
> > > > data member, which it does not seem to be. It is only used as a static
> > > > initializer destination and to find its location via offsetof().
> > > > 
> > > > Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/202206281009.4332AA33@keescook/ [1]
> > > > Reported-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>
> > > > Closes: https://paste.debian.net/hidden/ca500597/
> > > 
> > > mmh... this URL expires: 2024-05-15
> > 
> > Yup, but that's why I included the run-time splat above too. :)
> 
> I don't quite follow, this basically undoes 3024d95a4c52 ("bpf: Partially revert
> flexible-array member replacement") again with the small change that this 'fixes'
> up the BPF selftest to not embed struct bpf_lpm_trie_key.
>
> Outside of BPF selftests though aren't we readding the same error that we fixed
> earlier for BPF programs in the wild which embed struct bpf_lpm_trie_key into their
> key structure?

Oops, yes, sorry. I see how that cilium does include it in the same
fashion. I will adjust this patch again. Thanks for double-checking!

struct egress_gw_policy_key {
        struct bpf_lpm_trie_key lpm_key;
        __u32 saddr;
        __u32 daddr;
};

-- 
Kees Cook