linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] vhost: Add smp_rmb() in vhost_vq_avail

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Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2024 14:08:47 +1000
From: Gavin Shan <gshan@...hat.com>
To: Jason Wang <jasowang@...hat.com>
Cc: virtualization@...ts.linux.dev, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
 mst@...hat.com, davem@...emloft.net, stefanha@...hat.com,
 sgarzare@...hat.com, keirf@...gle.com, yihyu@...hat.com,
 shan.gavin@...il.com, Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] vhost: Add smp_rmb() in vhost_vq_avail_empty()

On 3/27/24 12:44, Jason Wang wrote:
> On Wed, Mar 27, 2024 at 10:34 AM Jason Wang <jasowang@...hat.com> wrote:
>> On Wed, Mar 27, 2024 at 7:39 AM Gavin Shan <gshan@...hat.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> A smp_rmb() has been missed in vhost_vq_avail_empty(), spotted by
>>> Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>. Otherwise, it's not ensured the
>>> available ring entries pushed by guest can be observed by vhost
>>> in time, leading to stale available ring entries fetched by vhost
>>> in vhost_get_vq_desc(), as reported by Yihuang Yu on NVidia's
>>> grace-hopper (ARM64) platform.
>>>
>>>    /home/gavin/sandbox/qemu.main/build/qemu-system-aarch64      \
>>>    -accel kvm -machine virt,gic-version=host -cpu host          \
>>>    -smp maxcpus=1,cpus=1,sockets=1,clusters=1,cores=1,threads=1 \
>>>    -m 4096M,slots=16,maxmem=64G                                 \
>>>    -object memory-backend-ram,id=mem0,size=4096M                \
>>>     :                                                           \
>>>    -netdev tap,id=vnet0,vhost=true                              \
>>>    -device virtio-net-pci,bus=pcie.8,netdev=vnet0,mac=52:54:00:f1:26:b0
>>>     :
>>>    guest# netperf -H 10.26.1.81 -l 60 -C -c -t UDP_STREAM
>>>    virtio_net virtio0: output.0:id 100 is not a head!
>>>
>>> Add the missed smp_rmb() in vhost_vq_avail_empty(). Note that it
>>> should be safe until vq->avail_idx is changed by commit 275bf960ac697
>>> ("vhost: better detection of available buffers").
>>>
>>> Fixes: 275bf960ac697 ("vhost: better detection of available buffers")
>>> Cc: <stable@...nel.org> # v4.11+
>>> Reported-by: Yihuang Yu <yihyu@...hat.com>
>>> Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@...hat.com>
>>> ---
>>>   drivers/vhost/vhost.c | 11 ++++++++++-
>>>   1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>>>
>>> diff --git a/drivers/vhost/vhost.c b/drivers/vhost/vhost.c
>>> index 045f666b4f12..00445ab172b3 100644
>>> --- a/drivers/vhost/vhost.c
>>> +++ b/drivers/vhost/vhost.c
>>> @@ -2799,9 +2799,18 @@ bool vhost_vq_avail_empty(struct vhost_dev *dev, struct vhost_virtqueue *vq)
>>>          r = vhost_get_avail_idx(vq, &avail_idx);
>>>          if (unlikely(r))
>>>                  return false;
>>> +
>>>          vq->avail_idx = vhost16_to_cpu(vq, avail_idx);
>>> +       if (vq->avail_idx != vq->last_avail_idx) {
>>> +               /* Similar to what's done in vhost_get_vq_desc(), we need
>>> +                * to ensure the available ring entries have been exposed
>>> +                * by guest.
>>> +                */
>>
>> We need to be more verbose here. For example, which load needs to be
>> ordered with which load.
>>
>> The rmb in vhost_get_vq_desc() is used to order the load of avail idx
>> and the load of head. It is paired with e.g virtio_wmb() in
>> virtqueue_add_split().
>>
>> vhost_vq_avail_empty() are mostly used as a hint in
>> vhost_net_busy_poll() which is under the protection of the vq mutex.
>>
>> An exception is the tx_can_batch(), but in that case it doesn't even
>> want to read the head.
> 
> Ok, if it is needed only in that path, maybe we can move the barriers there.
> 

[cc Will Deacon]

Jason, appreciate for your review and comments. I think PATCH[1/2] is
the fix for the hypothesis, meaning PATCH[2/2] is the real fix. However,
it would be nice to fix all of them in one shoot. I will try with PATCH[2/2]
only to see if our issue will disappear or not. However, the issue still
exists if PATCH[2/2] is missed.

Firstly, We were failing on the transmit queue and {tvq, rvq}->busyloop_timeout
== false if I remember correctly. So the added smp_rmb() in vhost_vq_avail_empty()
is only a concern to tx_can_batch(). A mutex isn't enough to ensure the order
for the available index and available ring entry (head). For example, vhost_vq_avail_empty()
called by tx_can_batch() can see next available index, but its corresponding
available ring entry (head) may not be seen by vhost yet if smp_rmb() is missed.
The next call to get_tx_bufs(), where the available ring entry (head) doesn't
arrived yet, leading to stale available ring entry (head) being fetched.

   handle_tx_copy
     get_tx_bufs                 // smp_rmb() won't be executed when vq->avail_idx != vq->last_avail_idx
     tx_can_batch
       vhost_vq_avail_empty      // vq->avail_idx is updated from vq->avail->idx

The reason why I added smp_rmb() to vhost_vq_avail_empty() is because the function
is a exposed API, even it's only used by drivers/vhost/net.c at present. It means
the API has been broken internally. So it seems more appropriate to fix it up in
vhost_vq_avail_empty() so that the API's users needn't worry about the memory access
order.

>>
>>
>>> +               smp_rmb();
>>> +               return false;
>>> +       }
>>>
>>> -       return vq->avail_idx == vq->last_avail_idx;
>>> +       return true;
>>>   }
>>>   EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_vq_avail_empty);

Thanks,
Gavin