linux-kernel - [PATCH v2 1/1] docs: dma: correct dma_set

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Message-Id: <20240401174159.642998-1-Frank.Li@nxp.com>
Date: Mon,  1 Apr 2024 13:41:59 -0400
From: Frank Li <Frank.Li@....com>
To: rdunlap@...radead.org,
	hch@...radead.org
Cc: Frank.Li@....com,
	corbet@....net,
	dmaengine@...r.kernel.org,
	imx@...ts.linux.dev,
	linux-doc@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-pci@...r.kernel.org,
	lizhijian@...itsu.com,
	mst@...hat.com
Subject: [PATCH v2 1/1] docs: dma: correct dma_set_mask() sample code

There are bunch of codes in driver like

       if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64)))
               dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))

Actually it is wrong because if dma_set_mask_and_coherent(64) fails,
dma_set_mask_and_coherent(32) will fail for the same reason.

And dma_set_mask_and_coherent(64) never returns failure.

According to the definition of dma_set_mask(), it indicates the width of
address that device DMA can access. If it can access 64-bit address, it
must access 32-bit address inherently. So only need set biggest address
width.

See below code fragment:

dma_set_mask(mask)
{
	mask = (dma_addr_t)mask;

	if (!dev->dma_mask || !dma_supported(dev, mask))
		return -EIO;

	arch_dma_set_mask(dev, mask);
	*dev->dma_mask = mask;
	return 0;
}

dma_supported() will call dma_direct_supported or iommux's dma_supported
call back function.

int dma_direct_supported(struct device *dev, u64 mask)
{
	u64 min_mask = (max_pfn - 1) << PAGE_SHIFT;

	/*
	 * Because 32-bit DMA masks are so common we expect every architecture
	 * to be able to satisfy them - either by not supporting more physical
	 * memory, or by providing a ZONE_DMA32.  If neither is the case, the
	 * architecture needs to use an IOMMU instead of the direct mapping.
	 */
	if (mask >= DMA_BIT_MASK(32))
		return 1;

	...
}

The iommux's dma_supported() actually means iommu requires devices's
minimized dma capability.

An example:

static int sba_dma_supported( struct device *dev, u64 mask)()
{
	...
	 * check if mask is >= than the current max IO Virt Address
         * The max IO Virt address will *always* < 30 bits.
         */
        return((int)(mask >= (ioc->ibase - 1 +
                        (ioc->pdir_size / sizeof(u64) * IOVP_SIZE) )));
	...
}

1 means supported. 0 means unsupported.

Correct document to make it more clear and provide correct sample code.

Signed-off-by: Frank Li <Frank.Li@....com>
---

Notes:
    Change from v1 to v2:
    - fixed typo, review by Randy Dunlap

 Documentation/core-api/dma-api-howto.rst | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/core-api/dma-api-howto.rst b/Documentation/core-api/dma-api-howto.rst
index e8a55f9d61dbc..5f6a7d86b6bc2 100644
--- a/Documentation/core-api/dma-api-howto.rst
+++ b/Documentation/core-api/dma-api-howto.rst
@@ -203,13 +203,33 @@ setting the DMA mask fails.  In this manner, if a user of your driver reports
 that performance is bad or that the device is not even detected, you can ask
 them for the kernel messages to find out exactly why.
 
-The standard 64-bit addressing device would do something like this::
+The 24-bit addressing device would do something like this::
 
-	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64))) {
+	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(24))) {
 		dev_warn(dev, "mydev: No suitable DMA available\n");
 		goto ignore_this_device;
 	}
 
+The standard 64-bit addressing device would do something like this::
+
+	dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64))
+
+dma_set_mask_and_coherent() never return fail when DMA_BIT_MASK(64). Typical
+error code like::
+
+	/* Wrong code */
+	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64)))
+		dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))
+
+dma_set_mask_and_coherent() will never return failure when bigger then 32.
+So typical code like::
+
+	/* Recommended code */
+	if (support_64bit)
+		dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64));
+	else
+		dma_set_mask_and_coherent(dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32));
+
 If the device only supports 32-bit addressing for descriptors in the
 coherent allocations, but supports full 64-bits for streaming mappings
 it would look like this::
-- 
2.34.1