linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH bpf-next v3 1/2] arm64, bpf: add internal-only MOV instruction to resolve per-CPU addrs

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Date: Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:55:01 +0000
From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@...nel.org>
To: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@...il.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>, Will Deacon
 <will@...nel.org>, Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>, Daniel Borkmann
 <daniel@...earbox.net>, Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>, Martin KaFai
 Lau <martin.lau@...ux.dev>, Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@...il.com>, Song Liu
 <song@...nel.org>, Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@...ux.dev>, John Fastabend
 <john.fastabend@...il.com>, KP Singh <kpsingh@...nel.org>, Stanislav
 Fomichev <sdf@...gle.com>, Hao Luo <haoluo@...gle.com>, Jiri Olsa
 <jolsa@...nel.org>, Zi Shen Lim <zlim.lnx@...il.com>, Xu Kuohai
 <xukuohai@...wei.com>, Florent Revest <revest@...omium.org>,
 linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
 bpf@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH bpf-next v3 1/2] arm64, bpf: add internal-only MOV
 instruction to resolve per-CPU addrs

Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@...il.com> writes:

> On Fri, Apr 26, 2024 at 5:14 AM Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@...nel.org> wrote:
>>
>> From: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay12@...il.com>
>>
>> Support an instruction for resolving absolute addresses of per-CPU
>> data from their per-CPU offsets. This instruction is internal-only and
>> users are not allowed to use them directly. They will only be used for
>> internal inlining optimizations for now between BPF verifier and BPF
>> JITs.
>>
>> Since commit 7158627686f0 ("arm64: percpu: implement optimised pcpu
>> access using tpidr_el1"), the per-cpu offset for the CPU is stored in
>> the tpidr_el1/2 register of that CPU.
>>
>> To support this BPF instruction in the ARM64 JIT, the following ARM64
>> instructions are emitted:
>>
>> mov dst, src            // Move src to dst, if src != dst
>> mrs tmp, tpidr_el1/2    // Move per-cpu offset of the current cpu in tmp.
>> add dst, dst, tmp       // Add the per cpu offset to the dst.
>>
>> To measure the performance improvement provided by this change, the
>> benchmark in [1] was used:
>>
>> Before:
>> glob-arr-inc   :   23.597 ± 0.012M/s
>> arr-inc        :   23.173 ± 0.019M/s
>> hash-inc       :   12.186 ± 0.028M/s
>>
>> After:
>> glob-arr-inc   :   23.819 ± 0.034M/s
>> arr-inc        :   23.285 ± 0.017M/s
>
> I still expected a better improvement (global-arr-inc's results
> improved more than arr-inc, which is completely different from
> x86-64), but it's still a good thing to support this for arm64, of
> course.
>
> ack for generic parts I can understand:
>
> Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>
>

I will have to do more research to find why we don't see very high
improvement.

But this is what is happening here:

This was the complete picture before inlining:

int cpu = bpf_get_smp_processor_id();
mov     x10, #0xffffffffffffd4a8
movk    x10, #0x802c, lsl #16
movk    x10, #0x8000, lsl #32
blr     x10 ---------------------------------------> nop
                                                     nop
                                                     adrp    x0, 0xffff800082128000
                                                     mrs     x1, tpidr_el1
                                                     add     x0, x0, #0x8
                                                     ldrsw   x0, [x0, x1]
            <----------------------------------------ret
add     x7, x0, #0x0


Now we have:

int cpu = bpf_get_smp_processor_id();
mov     x7, #0xffff8000ffffffff
movk    x7, #0x8212, lsl #16
movk    x7, #0x8008
mrs     x10, tpidr_el1
add     x7, x7, x10
ldr     w7, [x7]


So, we have removed multiple instructions including a branch and a
return. I was expecting to see more improvement. This benchmark is taken
from a KVM based virtual machine, maybe if I do it on bare-metal I would
see more improvement ?

Thanks,
Puranjay