Date: Mon, 6 May 2024 10:31:21 +0200
From: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
To: Barry Song <21cnbao@...il.com>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com>, akpm@...ux-foundation.org,
 linux-mm@...ck.org, baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com, chrisl@...nel.org,
 hanchuanhua@...o.com, hannes@...xchg.org, hughd@...gle.com,
 kasong@...cent.com, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, surenb@...gle.com,
 v-songbaohua@...o.com, willy@...radead.org, xiang@...nel.org,
 ying.huang@...el.com, yosryahmed@...gle.com, yuzhao@...gle.com,
 ziy@...dia.com
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 3/6] mm: introduce pte_move_swp_offset() helper which
 can move offset bidirectionally

On 06.05.24 10:20, Barry Song wrote:
> On Mon, May 6, 2024 at 8:06 PM David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com> wrote:
>>
>> On 04.05.24 01:40, Barry Song wrote:
>>> On Fri, May 3, 2024 at 5:41 PM Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> On 03/05/2024 01:50, Barry Song wrote:
>>>>> From: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@...o.com>
>>>>>
>>>>> There could arise a necessity to obtain the first pte_t from a swap
>>>>> pte_t located in the middle. For instance, this may occur within the
>>>>> context of do_swap_page(), where a page fault can potentially occur in
>>>>> any PTE of a large folio. To address this, the following patch introduces
>>>>> pte_move_swp_offset(), a function capable of bidirectional movement by
>>>>> a specified delta argument. Consequently, pte_increment_swp_offset()
>>>>
>>>> You mean pte_next_swp_offset()?
>>>
>>> yes.
>>>
>>>>
>>>>> will directly invoke it with delta = 1.
>>>>>
>>>>> Suggested-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@...el.com>
>>>>> Signed-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@...o.com>
>>>>> ---
>>>>>    mm/internal.h | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++----
>>>>>    1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>>>>>
>>>>> diff --git a/mm/internal.h b/mm/internal.h
>>>>> index c5552d35d995..cfe4aed66a5c 100644
>>>>> --- a/mm/internal.h
>>>>> +++ b/mm/internal.h
>>>>> @@ -211,18 +211,21 @@ static inline int folio_pte_batch(struct folio *folio, unsigned long addr,
>>>>>    }
>>>>>
>>>>>    /**
>>>>> - * pte_next_swp_offset - Increment the swap entry offset field of a swap pte.
>>>>> + * pte_move_swp_offset - Move the swap entry offset field of a swap pte
>>>>> + *    forward or backward by delta
>>>>>     * @pte: The initial pte state; is_swap_pte(pte) must be true and
>>>>>     *    non_swap_entry() must be false.
>>>>> + * @delta: The direction and the offset we are moving; forward if delta
>>>>> + *    is positive; backward if delta is negative
>>>>>     *
>>>>> - * Increments the swap offset, while maintaining all other fields, including
>>>>> + * Moves the swap offset, while maintaining all other fields, including
>>>>>     * swap type, and any swp pte bits. The resulting pte is returned.
>>>>>     */
>>>>> -static inline pte_t pte_next_swp_offset(pte_t pte)
>>>>> +static inline pte_t pte_move_swp_offset(pte_t pte, long delta)
>>>>
>>>> We have equivalent functions for pfn:
>>>>
>>>>     pte_next_pfn()
>>>>     pte_advance_pfn()
>>>>
>>>> Although the latter takes an unsigned long and only moves forward currently. I
>>>> wonder if it makes sense to have their naming and semantics match? i.e. change
>>>> pte_advance_pfn() to pte_move_pfn() and let it move backwards too.
>>>>
>>>> I guess we don't have a need for that and it adds more churn.
>>>
>>> we might have a need in the below case.
>>> A forks B, then A and B share large folios. B unmap/exit, then large
>>> folios of process
>>> A become single-mapped.
>>> Right now, while writing A's folios, we are CoWing A's large folios
>>> into many small
>>> folios. I believe we can reuse the entire large folios instead of doing nr_pages
>>> CoW and page faults.
>>> In this case, we might want to get the first PTE from vmf->pte.
>>
>> Once we have COW reuse for large folios in place (I think you know that
>> I am working on that), it might make sense to "COW-reuse around",
> 
> TBH, I don't know if you are working on that. please Cc me next time :-)

I could have sworn I mentioned it to you already :)

See

https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/a9922f58-8129-4f15-b160-e0ace581bcbe@redhat.com/T/

I'll follow-up on that soonish (now that batching is upstream and the 
large mapcount is on its way upstream).

> 
>> meaning we look if some neighboring PTEs map the same large folio and
>> map them writable as well. But if it's really worth it, increasing page
>> fault latency, is to be decided separately.
> 
> On the other hand, we eliminate latency for the remaining nr_pages - 1 PTEs.
> Perhaps we can discover a more cost-effective method to signify that a large
> folio is probably singly mapped?

Yes, precisely what I am up to!

> and only call "multi-PTEs" reuse while that
> condition is true in PF and avoid increasing latency always?

I'm thinking along those lines:

If we detect that it's exclusive, we can certainly mapped the current 
PTE writable. Then, we can decide how much (and if) we want to 
fault-around writable as an optimization.

For smallish large folios, it might make sense to try faulting around 
most of the folio.

For large large folios (e.g., PTE-mapped 2MiB THP and bigger), we might 
not want to fault around the whole thing -- especially if there is 
little benefit to be had from contig-pte bits.

> 
>>
>>
>>>
>>> Another case, might be
>>> A forks B, and we write either A or B, we might CoW an entire large
>>> folios instead
>>> CoWing nr_pages small folios.
>>>
>>> case 1 seems more useful, I might have a go after some days. then we might
>>> see pte_move_pfn().
>> pte_move_pfn() does sound odd to me. It might not be required to
>> implement the optimization described above. (it's easier to simply read
>> another PTE, check if it maps the same large folio, and to batch from there)
>>
> 
> It appears that your proposal suggests potential reusability as follows: if we
> have a large folio containing 16 PTEs, you might consider reusing only 4 by
> examining PTEs "around" but not necessarily all 16 PTEs. please correct me
> if my understanding is wrong.
> 
> Initially, my idea was to obtain the first PTE using pte_move_pfn() and then
> utilize folio_pte_batch() with the first PTE as arguments to ensure consistency
> in nr_pages, thus enabling complete reuse of the whole folio.

Simply doing an vm_normal_folio(pte - X) == folio and then trying to 
batch from there might be easier and cleaner.

-- 
Cheers,

David / dhildenb

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