linux-kernel - [PATCH v2 5/6] documentation: Update on livepatch elf format

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Message-ID: <20240516133009.20224-6-lhruska@suse.cz>
Date: Thu, 16 May 2024 15:30:08 +0200
From: Lukas Hruska <lhruska@...e.cz>
To: pmladek@...e.com,
	mbenes@...e.cz,
	jpoimboe@...nel.org
Cc: joe.lawrence@...hat.com,
	live-patching@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-kbuild@...r.kernel.org,
	mpdesouza@...e.com,
	lhruska@...e.cz
Subject: [PATCH v2 5/6] documentation: Update on livepatch elf format

Add a section to Documentation/livepatch/module-elf-format.rst
describing how klp-convert works for fixing relocations.

Signed-off-by: Lukas Hruska <lhruska@...e.cz>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@...e.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcos Paulo de Souza <mpdesouza@...e.com>
---
 Documentation/livepatch/module-elf-format.rst | 67 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 67 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Documentation/livepatch/module-elf-format.rst b/Documentation/livepatch/module-elf-format.rst
index a03ed02ec57e..2aa9b11cd806 100644
--- a/Documentation/livepatch/module-elf-format.rst
+++ b/Documentation/livepatch/module-elf-format.rst
@@ -300,3 +300,70 @@ symbol table, and relocation section indices, ELF information is preserved for
 livepatch modules and is made accessible by the module loader through
 module->klp_info, which is a :c:type:`klp_modinfo` struct. When a livepatch module
 loads, this struct is filled in by the module loader.
+
+6. klp-convert tool
+===================
+The livepatch relocation sections might be created using
+scripts/livepatch/klp-convert. It is called automatically during
+the build as part of a module post processing.
+
+The tool is not able to find the symbols and all the metadata
+automatically. Instead, all needed information must already be
+part of rela entry for the given symbol. Such a rela can
+be created easily by using KLP_RELOC_SYMBOL() macro after
+the symbol declaration.
+
+KLP_RELOC_SYMBOL causes that the relocation entries for
+the given symbol will be created in the following format::
+
+  .klp.sym.rela.lp_object.sym_object.sym_name,sympos
+  ^           ^ ^       ^ ^        ^ ^      ^   ^
+  |___________| |_______| |________| |______|   |
+       [A]         [B]        [C]       [D]    [E]
+
+[A]
+  The symbol name is prefixed with the string ".klp.sym.rela."
+
+[B]
+  The name of the object (i.e. "vmlinux" or name of module) which
+  is livepatched.
+
+[C]
+  The name of the object (i.e. "vmlinux" or name of module) to
+  which the symbol belongs follows immediately after the prefix.
+
+[D]
+  The actual name of the symbol.
+
+[E]
+  The position of the symbol in the object (as according to kallsyms)
+  This is used to differentiate duplicate symbols within the same
+  object. The symbol position is expressed numerically (0, 1, 2...).
+  The symbol position of a unique symbol is 0.
+
+Example:
+--------
+**Livepatch source code:**
+
+::
+
+  extern char *saved_command_line \
+                 KLP_RELOC_SYMBOL(vmlinux, vmlinux, saved_command_line, 0);
+
+**`readelf -r -W` output of compiled module:**
+
+::
+
+  Relocation section '.rela.text' at offset 0x32e60 contains 10 entries:
+      Offset             Info             Type               Symbol's Value  Symbol's Name + Addend
+  ...
+  0000000000000068  0000003c00000002 R_X86_64_PC32          0000000000000000 .klp.sym.rela.vmlinux.vmlinux.saved_command_line,0 - 4
+  ...
+
+**`readelf -r -W` output of transformed module by klp-convert:**
+
+::
+
+  Relocation section '.klp.rela.vmlinux.text' at offset 0x5cb60 contains 1 entry:
+      Offset             Info             Type               Symbol's Value  Symbol's Name + Addend
+      0000000000000068  0000003c00000002 R_X86_64_PC32          0000000000000000 .klp.sym.vmlinux.saved_command_line,0 - 4
-- 
2.45.0