linux-kernel - [PATCH V2] cgroup/cpuset: Prevent UAF in proc_cpuset

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Date: Wed, 26 Jun 2024 03:05:00 +0000
From: Chen Ridong <chenridong@...wei.com>
To: <tj@...nel.org>, <lizefan.x@...edance.com>, <hannes@...xchg.org>,
	<longman@...hat.com>, <adityakali@...gle.com>, <sergeh@...nel.org>
CC: <bpf@...r.kernel.org>, <cgroups@...r.kernel.org>,
	<linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: [PATCH V2] cgroup/cpuset: Prevent UAF in proc_cpuset_show()

An UAF can happen when /proc/cpuset is read as reported in [1].

This can be reproduced by the following methods:
1.add an mdelay(1000) before acquiring the cgroup_lock In the
 cgroup_path_ns function.
2.$cat /proc/<pid>/cpuset   repeatly.
3.$mount -t cgroup -o cpuset cpuset /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset/
$umount /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset/   repeatly.

The race that cause this bug can be shown as below:

(umount)		|	(cat /proc/<pid>/cpuset)
css_release		|	proc_cpuset_show
css_release_work_fn	|	css = task_get_css(tsk, cpuset_cgrp_id);
css_free_rwork_fn	|	cgroup_path_ns(css->cgroup, ...);
cgroup_destroy_root	|	mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
rebind_subsystems	|
cgroup_free_root 	|
			|	// cgrp was freed, UAF
			|	cgroup_path_ns_locked(cgrp,..);

When the cpuset is initialized, the root node top_cpuset.css.cgrp
will point to &cgrp_dfl_root.cgrp. In cgroup v1, the mount operation will
allocate cgroup_root, and top_cpuset.css.cgrp will point to the allocated
&cgroup_root.cgrp. When the umount operation is executed,
top_cpuset.css.cgrp will be rebound to &cgrp_dfl_root.cgrp.

The problem is that when rebinding to cgrp_dfl_root, there are cases
where the cgroup_root allocated by setting up the root for cgroup v1
is cached. This could lead to a Use-After-Free (UAF) if it is
subsequently freed. The descendant cgroups of cgroup v1 can only be
freed after the css is released. However, the css of the root will never
be released, yet the cgroup_root should be freed when it is unmounted.
This means that obtaining a reference to the css of the root does
not guarantee that css.cgrp->root will not be freed.

Fix this problem by using rcu_read_lock in proc_cpuset_show().
As cgroup root_list is already RCU-safe, css->cgroup is safe.
This is similar to commit 9067d90006df ("cgroup: Eliminate the
need for cgroup_mutex in proc_cgroup_show()")

[1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=9b1ff7be974a403aa4cd

Fixes: a79a908fd2b0 ("cgroup: introduce cgroup namespaces")
Signed-off-by: Chen Ridong <chenridong@...wei.com>
---
 include/linux/cgroup.h |  3 +++
 kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c | 11 +++++++++--
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/cgroup.h b/include/linux/cgroup.h
index 2150ca60394b..bae7b54957fc 100644
--- a/include/linux/cgroup.h
+++ b/include/linux/cgroup.h
@@ -786,6 +786,9 @@ struct cgroup_namespace *copy_cgroup_ns(unsigned long flags,
 int cgroup_path_ns(struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, size_t buflen,
 		   struct cgroup_namespace *ns);

+int cgroup_path_ns_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, size_t buflen,
+			  struct cgroup_namespace *ns);
+
 #else /* !CONFIG_CGROUPS */

 static inline void free_cgroup_ns(struct cgroup_namespace *ns) { }
diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c b/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c
index c12b9fdb22a4..e57762f613d6 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/cpuset.c
@@ -5052,8 +5052,15 @@ int proc_cpuset_show(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
 		goto out;

 	css = task_get_css(tsk, cpuset_cgrp_id);
-	retval = cgroup_path_ns(css->cgroup, buf, PATH_MAX,
-				current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns);
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	spin_lock_irq(&css_set_lock);
+	/* In case the root has already been unmounted. */
+	if (css->cgroup)
+		retval = cgroup_path_ns_locked(css->cgroup, buf, PATH_MAX,
+			current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns);
+
+	spin_unlock_irq(&css_set_lock);
+	rcu_read_unlock();
 	css_put(css);
 	if (retval == -E2BIG)
 		retval = -ENAMETOOLONG;
-- 
2.34.1