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Message-ID: <20241102000843.1301099-2-samuel.holland@sifive.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Nov 2024 17:07:55 -0700
From: Samuel Holland <samuel.holland@...ive.com>
To: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@...belt.com>,
linux-riscv@...ts.infradead.org,
Conor Dooley <conor@...nel.org>
Cc: devicetree@...r.kernel.org,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@...osinc.com>,
Lad Prabhakar <prabhakar.mahadev-lad.rj@...renesas.com>,
Emil Renner Berthing <kernel@...il.dk>,
Rob Herring <robh+dt@...nel.org>,
Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk+dt@...nel.org>,
Samuel Holland <samuel.holland@...ive.com>
Subject: [PATCH 01/11] dt-bindings: riscv: Describe physical memory regions
Information about physical memory regions is needed by both the kernel
and M-mode firmware. For example, the kernel needs to know about
noncacheable aliases of cacheable memory in order to allocate coherent
memory pages for DMA. M-mode firmware needs to know about aliases so it
can protect itself from lower-privileged software. Firmware also needs
to know the platform's Physical Address Width in order to efficiently
implement Smmpt.
The RISC-V Privileged Architecture delegates the description of Physical
Memory Attributes to the platform. On DT-based platforms, it makes sense
to put this information in the devicetree.
Signed-off-by: Samuel Holland <samuel.holland@...ive.com>
---
.../bindings/riscv/physical-memory.yaml | 101 ++++++++++++++++++
include/dt-bindings/riscv/physical-memory.h | 44 ++++++++
2 files changed, 145 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/riscv/physical-memory.yaml
create mode 100644 include/dt-bindings/riscv/physical-memory.h
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/riscv/physical-memory.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/riscv/physical-memory.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..deb49b34672f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/riscv/physical-memory.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
+%YAML 1.2
+---
+$id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/riscv/physical-memory.yaml#
+$schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
+
+title: RISC-V Physical Memory Regions
+
+maintainers:
+ - Samuel Holland <samuel.holland@...ive.com>
+
+description:
+ The RISC-V Privileged Architecture defines a number of Physical Memory
+ Attributes (PMAs) which apply to a given region of memory. These include the
+ types of accesses (read, write, execute, LR/SC, and/or AMO) allowed within
+ a region, the supported access widths and alignments, the cacheability and
+ coherence of the region, and whether or not accesses to the region may have
+ side effects.
+
+ Some RISC-V platforms provide multiple physical address mappings for main
+ memory or certain peripherals. Each alias of a region generally has different
+ PMAs (e.g. cacheable vs non-cacheable), which allows software to dynamically
+ select the PMAs for an access by referencing the corresponding alias.
+
+ The RISC-V Supervisor Domains specification defines a platform-specific
+ Physical Address Width (PAW), which describes the largest physical address
+ supported by a platform. Any access to an address >= 2^PAW is guaranteed to
+ raise an access fault, and therefore metadata (e.g. Memory Protection Tables)
+ need not be maintained for those addresses.
+
+ On DT-based RISC-V platforms, all of this information is provided by the
+ riscv,physical-memory-regions property of the root node.
+
+properties:
+ $nodename:
+ const: '/'
+
+ riscv,physical-memory-regions:
+ $ref: /schemas/types.yaml#/definitions/uint32-matrix
+ description:
+ A table of physical memory regions. The first entry in the table must
+ cover the entire range of physical addresses supported by the platform
+ (i.e. 0 to 2^PAW-1) and provides the default PMAs for all addresses not
+ covered by another table entry. Remaining table entries provide PMAs for
+ more specific physical memory regions, which must be contained within the
+ range of entry 0, but which must not overlap with each other.
+ minItems: 1
+ maxItems: 256
+ items:
+ minItems: 4
+ maxItems: 6
+ additionalItems: true
+ items:
+ - description: CPU physical address (#address-cells)
+ - description: >
+ Size (#size-cells). For entry 0, if the size is zero, the size is
+ assumed to be 2^(32 * #size-cells).
+ - description: >
+ Flags describing the most restrictive PMAs for any address within
+ the region.
+
+ The least significant byte indicates the types of accesses allowed
+ for this region. Note that a memory region may support a type of
+ access (e.g. AMOs) even if the CPU does not.
+
+ The next byte describes the cacheability, coherence, idempotency,
+ and ordering PMAs for this region. It also includes a flag to
+ indicate that accesses to a region are unsafe and must be
+ prohibited by software (for example using PMPs or Smmpt).
+
+ The third byte is reserved for future PMAs.
+
+ The most significant byte is the index of the lowest-numbered entry
+ which this entry is an alias of, if any. Aliases need not be the
+ same size, for example if a smaller memory region repeats within a
+ larger alias.
+ - description: Reserved for describing future PMAs
+
+additionalProperties: true
+
+examples:
+ - |
+ #include <dt-bindings/riscv/physical-memory.h>
+
+ / {
+ compatible = "starfive,jh7100";
+ #address-cells = <2>;
+ #size-cells = <2>;
+ riscv,physical-memory-regions =
+ <0x00 0x00000000 0x40 0x00000000 (PMA_RW | PMA_IO) 0x0>,
+ <0x00 0x18000000 0x00 0x00020000 (PMA_RWX | PMA_NONCACHEABLE_MEMORY) 0x0>,
+ <0x00 0x18080000 0x00 0x00020000 (PMA_RWX | PMA_NONCACHEABLE_MEMORY) 0x0>,
+ <0x00 0x41000000 0x00 0x1f000000 (PMA_RWX | PMA_NONCACHEABLE_MEMORY) 0x0>,
+ <0x00 0x61000000 0x00 0x1f000000 (PMA_RWXA | PMA_NONCOHERENT_MEMORY | PMR_ALIAS(3)) 0x0>,
+ <0x00 0x80000000 0x08 0x00000000 (PMA_RWXA | PMA_NONCOHERENT_MEMORY) 0x0>,
+ <0x10 0x00000000 0x08 0x00000000 (PMA_RWX | PMA_NONCACHEABLE_MEMORY | PMR_ALIAS(5)) 0x0>,
+ <0x20 0x00000000 0x10 0x00000000 (PMA_RWX | PMA_NONCACHEABLE_MEMORY) 0x0>,
+ <0x30 0x00000000 0x10 0x00000000 (PMA_RWXA | PMA_NONCOHERENT_MEMORY | PMR_ALIAS(7)) 0x0>;
+ };
+
+...
diff --git a/include/dt-bindings/riscv/physical-memory.h b/include/dt-bindings/riscv/physical-memory.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7cb2e58fa8c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/dt-bindings/riscv/physical-memory.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+
+#ifndef _DT_BINDINGS_RISCV_PHYSICAL_MEMORY_H
+#define _DT_BINDINGS_RISCV_PHYSICAL_MEMORY_H
+
+#define PMA_READ (1 << 0)
+#define PMA_WRITE (1 << 1)
+#define PMA_EXECUTE (1 << 2)
+#define PMA_AMO_MASK (3 << 4)
+#define PMA_AMO_NONE (0 << 4)
+#define PMA_AMO_SWAP (1 << 4)
+#define PMA_AMO_LOGICAL (2 << 4)
+#define PMA_AMO_ARITHMETIC (3 << 4)
+#define PMA_RSRV_MASK (3 << 6)
+#define PMA_RSRV_NONE (0 << 6)
+#define PMA_RSRV_NON_EVENTUAL (1 << 6)
+#define PMA_RSRV_EVENTUAL (2 << 6)
+
+#define PMA_RW (PMA_READ | PMA_WRITE)
+#define PMA_RWA (PMA_RW | PMA_AMO_ARITHMETIC | PMA_RSRV_EVENTUAL)
+#define PMA_RWX (PMA_RW | PMA_EXECUTE)
+#define PMA_RWXA (PMA_RWA | PMA_EXECUTE)
+
+#define PMA_ORDER_MASK (3 << 8)
+#define PMA_ORDER_IO_RELAXED (0 << 8)
+#define PMA_ORDER_IO_STRONG (1 << 8)
+#define PMA_ORDER_MEMORY (2 << 8)
+#define PMA_READ_IDEMPOTENT (1 << 10)
+#define PMA_WRITE_IDEMPOTENT (1 << 11)
+#define PMA_CACHEABLE (1 << 12)
+#define PMA_COHERENT (1 << 13)
+
+#define PMA_UNSAFE (1 << 15)
+
+#define PMA_IO (PMA_ORDER_IO_RELAXED)
+#define PMA_NONCACHEABLE_MEMORY (PMA_ORDER_MEMORY | PMA_READ_IDEMPOTENT | \
+ PMA_WRITE_IDEMPOTENT)
+#define PMA_NONCOHERENT_MEMORY (PMA_NONCACHEABLE_MEMORY | PMA_CACHEABLE)
+#define PMA_NORMAL_MEMORY (PMA_NONCOHERENT_MEMORY | PMA_COHERENT)
+
+#define PMR_ALIAS_MASK (0xff << 24)
+#define PMR_ALIAS(n) ((n) << 24)
+
+#endif /* _DT_BINDINGS_RISCV_PHYSICAL_MEMORY_H */
--
2.45.1
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