linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH RFC] ubifs: Fix use-after-free in ubifs_tnc_end

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Message-ID: <0f040e0a-c27f-2f29-6d9e-9c7152a18513@huawei.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Nov 2024 16:39:41 +0800
From: Zhihao Cheng <chengzhihao1@...wei.com>
To: Waqar Hameed <waqar.hameed@...s.com>, Richard Weinberger <richard@....at>,
	Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@...gutronix.de>
CC: <kernel@...s.com>, <linux-mtd@...ts.infradead.org>,
	<linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, Ryder Wang <rydercoding@...mail.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH RFC] ubifs: Fix use-after-free in ubifs_tnc_end_commit

在 2024/10/9 22:46, Waqar Hameed 写道:
> Running
> 
>    rm -f /etc/test-file.bin
>    dd if=/dev/urandom of=/etc/test-file.bin bs=1M count=60 conv=fsync
> 
> in a loop, with `CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_AUTHENTICATION`, KASAN reports:
> 
>    BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ubifs_tnc_end_commit+0xa5c/0x1950
>    Write of size 32 at addr ffffff800a3af86c by task ubifs_bgt0_20/153
> 
>    Call trace:
>     dump_backtrace+0x0/0x340
>     show_stack+0x18/0x24
>     dump_stack_lvl+0x9c/0xbc
>     print_address_description.constprop.0+0x74/0x2b0
>     kasan_report+0x1d8/0x1f0
>     kasan_check_range+0xf8/0x1a0
>     memcpy+0x84/0xf4
>     ubifs_tnc_end_commit+0xa5c/0x1950
>     do_commit+0x4e0/0x1340
>     ubifs_bg_thread+0x234/0x2e0
>     kthread+0x36c/0x410
>     ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
> 
>    Allocated by task 401:
>     kasan_save_stack+0x38/0x70
>     __kasan_kmalloc+0x8c/0xd0
>     __kmalloc+0x34c/0x5bc
>     tnc_insert+0x140/0x16a4
>     ubifs_tnc_add+0x370/0x52c
>     ubifs_jnl_write_data+0x5d8/0x870
>     do_writepage+0x36c/0x510
>     ubifs_writepage+0x190/0x4dc
>     __writepage+0x58/0x154
>     write_cache_pages+0x394/0x830
>     do_writepages+0x1f0/0x5b0
>     filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x170/0x25c
>     file_write_and_wait_range+0x140/0x190
>     ubifs_fsync+0xe8/0x290
>     vfs_fsync_range+0xc0/0x1e4
>     do_fsync+0x40/0x90
>     __arm64_sys_fsync+0x34/0x50
>     invoke_syscall.constprop.0+0xa8/0x260
>     do_el0_svc+0xc8/0x1f0
>     el0_svc+0x34/0x70
>     el0t_64_sync_handler+0x108/0x114
>     el0t_64_sync+0x1a4/0x1a8
> 
>    Freed by task 403:
>     kasan_save_stack+0x38/0x70
>     kasan_set_track+0x28/0x40
>     kasan_set_free_info+0x28/0x4c
>     __kasan_slab_free+0xd4/0x13c

Hi Waqar, is that line 2639 ?
2540 sstatic int tnc_delete()
2541 {
2608         if (!znode->parent) {
2609                 while (znode->child_cnt == 1 && znode->level != 0) {
2634                         if (zp->cnext) {
...
2638                         } else
2639                                 kfree(zp);
2644 }

>     kfree+0xc4/0x3a0
>     tnc_delete+0x3f4/0xe40
>     ubifs_tnc_remove_range+0x368/0x73c
>     ubifs_tnc_remove_ino+0x29c/0x2e0
>     ubifs_jnl_delete_inode+0x150/0x260
>     ubifs_evict_inode+0x1d4/0x2e4
>     evict+0x1c8/0x450
>     iput+0x2a0/0x3c4
>     do_unlinkat+0x2cc/0x490
>     __arm64_sys_unlinkat+0x90/0x100
>     invoke_syscall.constprop.0+0xa8/0x260
>     do_el0_svc+0xc8/0x1f0
>     el0_svc+0x34/0x70
>     el0t_64_sync_handler+0x108/0x114
>     el0t_64_sync+0x1a4/0x1a8
> 

Looks like there is one possibility:
1. tnc_insert() triggers a TNC tree split:
    zroot
    /
   z_p1
   /
zn
   z_p1 is full, after inserting zn_new(key order is smaller that zn) 
under z_p1, zn->parent is switched to z_p2, but zn->cparent is still z_p1:
    zroot
    /    \
   z_p1  z_p2
   /      \
zn_new   zn
2. tnc_delete() removes all znodes except the 'zn':
    zroot
       \
       z_p2
         \
         zn
     TNC tree is collapsed, zroot and z_p2 are freed:
     zroot'(zn)
3. get_znodes_to_commit() finds only one znode(zn, which is also zroot), 
zn->cparent is not updated and still points to z_p1(which was freed).
4. write_index() accesses the zn->cparent->zbranch, which triggers an UAF!

Try following modification to verify whether the problem is fixed:
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c b/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c
index a55e04822d16..7c43e0ccf6d4 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c
@@ -657,6 +657,8 @@ static int get_znodes_to_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
                 znode->alt = 0;
                 cnext = find_next_dirty(znode);
                 if (!cnext) {
+                       ubifs_assert(c, !znode->parent);
+                       znode->cparent = NULL;
                         znode->cnext = c->cnext;
                         break;
                 }