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Message-Id: <20250130190317.1652481-13-paulmck@kernel.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jan 2025 11:03:10 -0800
From: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>
To: rcu@...r.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
kernel-team@...a.com,
rostedt@...dmis.org,
"Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>,
Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@...ux.dev>,
bpf@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH rcu v2] 13/20] srcu: Add SRCU-fast readers
This commit adds srcu_read_{,un}lock_fast(), which is similar
to srcu_read_{,un}lock_lite(), but avoids the array-indexing and
pointer-following overhead. On a microbenchmark featuring tight
loops around empty readers, this results in about a 20% speedup
compared to RCU Tasks Trace on my x86 laptop.
Please note that SRCU-fast has drawbacks compared to RCU Tasks
Trace, including:
o Lack of CPU stall warnings.
o SRCU-fast readers permitted only where rcu_is_watching().
o A pointer-sized return value from srcu_read_lock_fast() must
be passed to the corresponding srcu_read_unlock_fast().
o In the absence of readers, a synchronize_srcu() having _fast()
readers will incur the latency of at least two normal RCU grace
periods.
o RCU Tasks Trace priority boosting could be easily added.
Boosting SRCU readers is more difficult.
SRCU-fast also has a drawback compared to SRCU-lite, namely that the
return value from srcu_read_lock_fast()-fast is a 64-bit pointer and
that from srcu_read_lock_lite() is only a 32-bit int.
[ paulmck: Apply feedback from Akira Yokosawa. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@...nel.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@...ux.dev>
Cc: <bpf@...r.kernel.org>
---
include/linux/srcu.h | 47 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
include/linux/srcutiny.h | 22 +++++++++++++++++++
include/linux/srcutree.h | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/srcu.h b/include/linux/srcu.h
index 2bd0e24e9b55..63bddc301423 100644
--- a/include/linux/srcu.h
+++ b/include/linux/srcu.h
@@ -47,9 +47,10 @@ int init_srcu_struct(struct srcu_struct *ssp);
#define SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL 0x1 // srcu_read_lock().
#define SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NMI 0x2 // srcu_read_lock_nmisafe().
#define SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_LITE 0x4 // srcu_read_lock_lite().
+#define SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST 0x8 // srcu_read_lock_fast().
#define SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_ALL (SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL | SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NMI | \
- SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_LITE) // All of the above.
-#define SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_SLOWGP SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_LITE
+ SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_LITE | SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST) // All of the above.
+#define SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_SLOWGP (SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_LITE | SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST)
// Flavors requiring synchronize_rcu()
// instead of smp_mb().
void __srcu_read_unlock(struct srcu_struct *ssp, int idx) __releases(ssp);
@@ -253,6 +254,33 @@ static inline int srcu_read_lock(struct srcu_struct *ssp) __acquires(ssp)
return retval;
}
+/**
+ * srcu_read_lock_fast - register a new reader for an SRCU-protected structure.
+ * @ssp: srcu_struct in which to register the new reader.
+ *
+ * Enter an SRCU read-side critical section, but for a light-weight
+ * smp_mb()-free reader. See srcu_read_lock() for more information.
+ *
+ * If srcu_read_lock_fast() is ever used on an srcu_struct structure,
+ * then none of the other flavors may be used, whether before, during,
+ * or after. Note that grace-period auto-expediting is disabled for _fast
+ * srcu_struct structures because auto-expedited grace periods invoke
+ * synchronize_rcu_expedited(), IPIs and all.
+ *
+ * Note that srcu_read_lock_fast() can be invoked only from those contexts
+ * where RCU is watching, that is, from contexts where it would be legal
+ * to invoke rcu_read_lock(). Otherwise, lockdep will complain.
+ */
+static inline struct srcu_ctr __percpu *srcu_read_lock_fast(struct srcu_struct *ssp) __acquires(ssp)
+{
+ struct srcu_ctr __percpu *retval;
+
+ srcu_check_read_flavor_force(ssp, SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST);
+ retval = __srcu_read_lock_fast(ssp);
+ rcu_try_lock_acquire(&ssp->dep_map);
+ return retval;
+}
+
/**
* srcu_read_lock_lite - register a new reader for an SRCU-protected structure.
* @ssp: srcu_struct in which to register the new reader.
@@ -356,6 +384,21 @@ static inline void srcu_read_unlock(struct srcu_struct *ssp, int idx)
__srcu_read_unlock(ssp, idx);
}
+/**
+ * srcu_read_unlock_fast - unregister a old reader from an SRCU-protected structure.
+ * @ssp: srcu_struct in which to unregister the old reader.
+ * @scp: return value from corresponding srcu_read_lock_fast().
+ *
+ * Exit a light-weight SRCU read-side critical section.
+ */
+static inline void srcu_read_unlock_fast(struct srcu_struct *ssp, struct srcu_ctr __percpu *scp)
+ __releases(ssp)
+{
+ srcu_check_read_flavor(ssp, SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST);
+ srcu_lock_release(&ssp->dep_map);
+ __srcu_read_unlock_fast(ssp, scp);
+}
+
/**
* srcu_read_unlock_lite - unregister a old reader from an SRCU-protected structure.
* @ssp: srcu_struct in which to unregister the old reader.
diff --git a/include/linux/srcutiny.h b/include/linux/srcutiny.h
index 07a0c4489ea2..380260317d98 100644
--- a/include/linux/srcutiny.h
+++ b/include/linux/srcutiny.h
@@ -71,6 +71,28 @@ static inline int __srcu_read_lock(struct srcu_struct *ssp)
return idx;
}
+struct srcu_ctr;
+
+static inline bool __srcu_ptr_to_ctr(struct srcu_struct *ssp, struct srcu_ctr __percpu *scpp)
+{
+ return (int)(intptr_t)(struct srcu_ctr __force __kernel *)scpp;
+}
+
+static inline struct srcu_ctr __percpu *__srcu_ctr_to_ptr(struct srcu_struct *ssp, int idx)
+{
+ return (struct srcu_ctr __percpu *)(intptr_t)idx;
+}
+
+static inline struct srcu_ctr __percpu *__srcu_read_lock_fast(struct srcu_struct *ssp)
+{
+ return __srcu_ctr_to_ptr(ssp, __srcu_read_lock(ssp));
+}
+
+static inline void __srcu_read_unlock_fast(struct srcu_struct *ssp, struct srcu_ctr __percpu *scp)
+{
+ __srcu_read_unlock(ssp, __srcu_ptr_to_ctr(ssp, scp));
+}
+
#define __srcu_read_lock_lite __srcu_read_lock
#define __srcu_read_unlock_lite __srcu_read_unlock
diff --git a/include/linux/srcutree.h b/include/linux/srcutree.h
index ef3065c0cadc..bdc467efce3a 100644
--- a/include/linux/srcutree.h
+++ b/include/linux/srcutree.h
@@ -226,6 +226,44 @@ static inline struct srcu_ctr __percpu *__srcu_ctr_to_ptr(struct srcu_struct *ss
return &ssp->sda->srcu_ctrs[idx];
}
+/*
+ * Counts the new reader in the appropriate per-CPU element of the
+ * srcu_struct. Returns a pointer that must be passed to the matching
+ * srcu_read_unlock_fast().
+ *
+ * Note that this_cpu_inc() is an RCU read-side critical section either
+ * because it disables interrupts, because it is a single instruction,
+ * or because it is a read-modify-write atomic operation, depending on
+ * the whims of the architecture.
+ */
+static inline struct srcu_ctr __percpu *__srcu_read_lock_fast(struct srcu_struct *ssp)
+{
+ struct srcu_ctr __percpu *scp = READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_ctrp);
+
+ RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "RCU must be watching srcu_read_lock_fast().");
+ this_cpu_inc(scp->srcu_locks.counter); /* Y */
+ barrier(); /* Avoid leaking the critical section. */
+ return scp;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Removes the count for the old reader from the appropriate
+ * per-CPU element of the srcu_struct. Note that this may well be a
+ * different CPU than that which was incremented by the corresponding
+ * srcu_read_lock_fast(), but it must be within the same task.
+ *
+ * Note that this_cpu_inc() is an RCU read-side critical section either
+ * because it disables interrupts, because it is a single instruction,
+ * or because it is a read-modify-write atomic operation, depending on
+ * the whims of the architecture.
+ */
+static inline void __srcu_read_unlock_fast(struct srcu_struct *ssp, struct srcu_ctr __percpu *scp)
+{
+ barrier(); /* Avoid leaking the critical section. */
+ this_cpu_inc(scp->srcu_unlocks.counter); /* Z */
+ RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "RCU must be watching srcu_read_unlock_fast().");
+}
+
/*
* Counts the new reader in the appropriate per-CPU element of the
* srcu_struct. Returns an index that must be passed to the matching
--
2.40.1
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