linux-kernel - [PATCH v2 bpf-next 2/3] bpf: Reject attaching fexit to functions annotated with _

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Message-Id: <20250223062735.3341-3-laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 23 Feb 2025 14:27:34 +0800
From: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@...il.com>
To: ast@...nel.org,
	daniel@...earbox.net,
	andrii@...nel.org,
	martin.lau@...ux.dev,
	eddyz87@...il.com,
	song@...nel.org,
	yonghong.song@...ux.dev,
	john.fastabend@...il.com,
	kpsingh@...nel.org,
	sdf@...ichev.me,
	haoluo@...gle.com,
	jolsa@...nel.org,
	jpoimboe@...nel.org,
	peterz@...radead.org
Cc: bpf@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@...il.com>
Subject: [PATCH v2 bpf-next 2/3] bpf: Reject attaching fexit to functions annotated with __noreturn

If we attach fexit to a function annotated with __noreturn, it will
cause an issue that the bpf trampoline image will be left over even if
the bpf link has been destroyed. Take attaching do_exit() for example. The
fexit works as follows,

  bpf_trampoline
  + __bpf_tramp_enter
    + percpu_ref_get(&tr->pcref);

  + call do_exit()

  + __bpf_tramp_exit
    + percpu_ref_put(&tr->pcref);

Since do_exit() never returns, the refcnt of the trampoline image is
never decremented, preventing it from being freed. That can be verified
with as follows,

  $ bpftool link show                                   <<<< nothing output
  $ grep "bpf_trampoline_[0-9]" /proc/kallsyms
  ffffffffc04cb000 t bpf_trampoline_6442526459    [bpf] <<<< leftover

With this change, attaching fexit probes to functions like do_exit() will
be rejected.

$ ./fexit
libbpf: prog 'fexit': BPF program load failed: -EINVAL
libbpf: prog 'fexit': -- BEGIN PROG LOAD LOG --
Attaching fexit to __noreturn functions is rejected.

Signed-off-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@...il.com>
---
 kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 11 +++++++++++
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index 9971c03adfd5..329af451c936 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -22841,6 +22841,13 @@ BTF_ID(func, __rcu_read_unlock)
 #endif
 BTF_SET_END(btf_id_deny)
 
+/* The functions annotated with __noreturn are denied. */
+BTF_SET_START(fexit_deny)
+#define NORETURN(fn) BTF_ID(func, fn)
+#include <linux/noreturns.h>
+#undef NORETURN
+BTF_SET_END(fexit_deny)
+
 static bool can_be_sleepable(struct bpf_prog *prog)
 {
 	if (prog->type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING) {
@@ -22929,6 +22936,10 @@ static int check_attach_btf_id(struct bpf_verifier_env *env)
 	} else if (prog->type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING &&
 		   btf_id_set_contains(&btf_id_deny, btf_id)) {
 		return -EINVAL;
+	} else if (prog->expected_attach_type == BPF_TRACE_FEXIT &&
+		   btf_id_set_contains(&fexit_deny, btf_id)) {
+		verbose(env, "Attaching fexit to __noreturn functions is rejected.\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
 	key = bpf_trampoline_compute_key(tgt_prog, prog->aux->attach_btf, btf_id);
-- 
2.43.5