linux-kernel - [PATCH 05/29] x86/boot/e820: Print gaps in the E820 table

lists.openwall.net		lists / announce owl-users owl-dev john-users john-dev passwdqc-users yescrypt popa3d-users / oss-security kernel-hardening musl sabotage tlsify passwords / crypt-dev xvendor / Bugtraq Full-Disclosure linux-kernel linux-netdev linux-ext4 linux-hardening linux-cve-announce PHC
Open Source and information security mailing list archives

Hash Suite: Windows password security audit tool. GUI, reports in PDF.

[<prev] [next>] [<thread-prev] [thread-next>] [day] [month] [year] [list]

Message-ID: <20250421185210.3372306-6-mingo@kernel.org>
Date: Mon, 21 Apr 2025 20:51:45 +0200
From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
To: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy@...nel.org>,
	Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...nel.org>,
	Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
	Juergen Gross <jgross@...e.com>,
	"H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>,
	Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Mike Rapoport <rppt@...nel.org>,
	Paul Menzel <pmenzel@...gen.mpg.de>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>,
	David Woodhouse <dwmw@...zon.co.uk>
Subject: [PATCH 05/29] x86/boot/e820: Print gaps in the E820 table

Gaps in the E820 table are not obvious at a glance and can
easily be overlooked.

Print out gaps in the E820 table:

Before:

	BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009fbff] usable
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000007ffdbfff] usable
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000007ffdc000-0x000000007fffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000b0000000-0x00000000bfffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1c000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000feffc000-0x00000000feffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fffc0000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000fd00000000-0x000000ffffffffff] reserved
After:

	BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009fbff] usable
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [gap 0x00000000000a0000-0x00000000000effff]
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000007ffdbfff] usable
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000007ffdc000-0x000000007fffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [gap 0x0000000080000000-0x00000000afffffff]
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000b0000000-0x00000000bfffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [gap 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000000fed1bfff]
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1c000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [gap 0x00000000fed20000-0x00000000feffbfff]
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000feffc000-0x00000000feffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [gap 0x00000000ff000000-0x00000000fffbffff]
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fffc0000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
	BIOS-e820: [gap 0x0000000100000000-0x000000fcffffffff]
	BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000fd00000000-0x000000ffffffffff] reserved

Also warn about badly ordered E820 table entries:

	BUG: out of order E820 entry!

( this is printed before the entry is printed, so there's no need to
  print any additional data with the warning. )

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy@...nel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...nel.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw@...zon.co.uk>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@...or.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@...nel.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/e820.c | 22 ++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c b/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
index 4244b6d53fd0..a8edfa375fbd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
@@ -201,18 +201,32 @@ static void __init e820_print_type(enum e820_type type)
 
 static void __init e820__print_table(const char *who)
 {
+	u64 range_end_prev = 0;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < e820_table->nr_entries; i++) {
 		struct e820_entry *entry = e820_table->entries + i;
+		u64 range_start, range_end;
 
-		pr_info("%s: [mem %#018Lx-%#018Lx] ",
-			who,
-			entry->addr,
-			entry->addr + entry->size-1);
+		range_start = entry->addr;
+		range_end   = entry->addr + entry->size;
 
+		/* Out of order E820 maps should not happen: */
+		if (range_start < range_end_prev)
+			pr_info("BUG: out of order E820 entry!\n");
+
+		if (range_start > range_end_prev) {
+			pr_info("%s: [gap %#018Lx-%#018Lx]\n",
+				who,
+				range_end_prev,
+				range_start-1);
+		}
+
+		pr_info("%s: [mem %#018Lx-%#018Lx] ", who, range_start, range_end-1);
 		e820_print_type(entry->type);
 		pr_cont("\n");
+
+		range_end_prev = range_end;
 	}
 }
 
-- 
2.45.2