Message-ID: <4a57e772-51f5-4341-a249-dd1b8fcf23b0@redhat.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Apr 2025 18:25:06 +0200
From: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
To: Peter Xu <peterx@...hat.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-mm@...ck.org, x86@...nel.org,
 intel-gfx@...ts.freedesktop.org, dri-devel@...ts.freedesktop.org,
 linux-trace-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Dave Hansen
 <dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com>, Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
 Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
 Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
 "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>, Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@...ux.intel.com>,
 Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@...ux.intel.com>,
 Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@...el.com>, Tvrtko Ursulin
 <tursulin@...ulin.net>, David Airlie <airlied@...il.com>,
 Simona Vetter <simona@...ll.ch>, Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
 Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>, Masami Hiramatsu
 <mhiramat@...nel.org>, Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@...icios.com>,
 "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@...cle.com>,
 Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@...cle.com>,
 Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>, Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>,
 Pedro Falcato <pfalcato@...e.de>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v1 02/11] mm: convert track_pfn_insert() to
 pfnmap_sanitize_pgprot()

On 29.04.25 15:44, Peter Xu wrote:
> On Mon, Apr 28, 2025 at 10:37:49PM +0200, David Hildenbrand wrote:
>> On 28.04.25 18:21, Peter Xu wrote:
>>> On Mon, Apr 28, 2025 at 04:58:46PM +0200, David Hildenbrand wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>> What it does on PAT (only implementation so far ...) is looking up the
>>>>>> memory type to select the caching mode that can be use.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> "sanitize" was IMHO a good fit, because we must make sure that we don't use
>>>>>> the wrong caching mode.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> update/setup/... don't make that quite clear. Any other suggestions?
>>>>>
>>>>> I'm very poor on naming.. :( So far anything seems slightly better than
>>>>> sanitize to me, as the word "sanitize" is actually also used in memtype.c
>>>>> for other purpose.. see sanitize_phys().
>>>>
>>>> Sure, one can sanitize a lot of things. Here it's the cachemode/pgrpot, in
>>>> the other functions it's an address.
>>>>
>>>> Likely we should just call it pfnmap_X_cachemode()/
>>>>
>>>> Set/update don't really fit for X in case pfnmap_X_cachemode() is a NOP.
>>>>
>>>> pfnmap_setup_cachemode() ? Hm.
>>>
>>> Sounds good here.
>>
>> Okay, I'll use that one. If ever something else besides PAT would require
>> different semantics, they can bother with finding a better name :)
>>
>>>
>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> + * @pfn: the start of the pfn range
>>>>>>>> + * @size: the size of the pfn range
>>>>>>>> + * @prot: the pgprot to sanitize
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * Sanitize the given pgprot for a pfn range, for example, adjusting the
>>>>>>>> + * cachemode.
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * This function cannot fail for a single page, but can fail for multiple
>>>>>>>> + * pages.
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * Returns 0 on success and -EINVAL on error.
>>>>>>>> + */
>>>>>>>> +int pfnmap_sanitize_pgprot(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size,
>>>>>>>> +		pgprot_t *prot);
>>>>>>>>      extern int track_pfn_copy(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma,
>>>>>>>>      		struct vm_area_struct *src_vma, unsigned long *pfn);
>>>>>>>>      extern void untrack_pfn_copy(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma,
>>>>>>>> diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
>>>>>>>> index fdcf0a6049b9f..b8ae5e1493315 100644
>>>>>>>> --- a/mm/huge_memory.c
>>>>>>>> +++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
>>>>>>>> @@ -1455,7 +1455,9 @@ vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, pfn_t pfn, bool write)
>>>>>>>>      			return VM_FAULT_OOM;
>>>>>>>>      	}
>>>>>>>> -	track_pfn_insert(vma, &pgprot, pfn);
>>>>>>>> +	if (pfnmap_sanitize_pgprot(pfn_t_to_pfn(pfn), PAGE_SIZE, &pgprot))
>>>>>>>> +		return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Would "pgtable" leak if it fails?  If it's PAGE_SIZE, IIUC it won't ever
>>>>>>> trigger, though.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Maybe we could have a "void pfnmap_sanitize_pgprot_pfn(&pgprot, pfn)" to
>>>>>>> replace track_pfn_insert() and never fail?  Dropping vma ref is definitely
>>>>>>> a win already in all cases.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> It could be a simple wrapper around pfnmap_sanitize_pgprot(), yes. That's
>>>>>> certainly helpful for the single-page case.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Regarding never failing here: we should check the whole range. We have to
>>>>>> make sure that none of the pages has a memory type / caching mode that is
>>>>>> incompatible with what we setup.
>>>>>
>>>>> Would it happen in real world?
>>>>>> IIUC per-vma registration needs to happen first, which checks for
>>>> memtype
>>>>> conflicts in the first place, or reserve_pfn_range() could already have
>>>>> failed.
>>>>>> Here it's the fault path looking up the memtype, so I would expect it is
>>>>> guaranteed all pfns under the same vma is following the verified (and same)
>>>>> memtype?
>>>>
>>>> The whole point of track_pfn_insert() is that it is used when we *don't* use
>>>> reserve_pfn_range()->track_pfn_remap(), no?
>>>>
>>>> track_pfn_remap() would check the whole range that gets mapped, so
>>>> track_pfn_insert() user must similarly check the whole range that gets
>>>> mapped.
>>>>
>>>> Note that even track_pfn_insert() is already pretty clear on the intended
>>>> usage: "called when a _new_ single pfn is established"
>>>
>>> We need to define "new" then..  But I agree it's not crystal clear at
>>> least.  I think I just wasn't the first to assume it was reserved, see this
>>> (especially, the "Expectation" part..):
>>>
>>> commit 5180da410db6369d1f95c9014da1c9bc33fb043e
>>> Author: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@...el.com>
>>> Date:   Mon Oct 8 16:28:29 2012 -0700
>>>
>>>       x86, pat: separate the pfn attribute tracking for remap_pfn_range and vm_insert_pfn
>>>       With PAT enabled, vm_insert_pfn() looks up the existing pfn memory
>>>       attribute and uses it.  Expectation is that the driver reserves the
>>>       memory attributes for the pfn before calling vm_insert_pfn().
>>
>> It's all confusing.
>>
>> We do have the following functions relevant in pat code:
>>
>> (1) memtype_reserve(): used by ioremap and set_memory_XX
>>
>> (2) memtype_reserve_io(): used by iomap
>>
>> (3) reserve_pfn_range(): only remap_pfn_range() calls it
>>
>> (4) arch_io_reserve_memtype_wc()
>>
>>
>> Which one would perform the reservation for, say, vfio?
> 
> My understanding is it was done via barmap.  See this stack:
> 
> vfio_pci_core_mmap
>    pci_iomap
>      pci_iomap_range
>        ...
>          __ioremap_caller
>            memtype_reserve
> 
>>
>>
>> I agree that if there would be a guarantee/expectation that all PFNs have
>> the same memtype (from previous reservation), it would be sufficient to
>> check a single PFN, and we could document that. I just don't easily see
>> where that reservation is happening.
>>
>> So a pointer to that would be appreciated!
> 
> I am not aware of any pointer.. maybe others could chime in.
> 
> IMHO, if there's anything uncertain, for this one we could always decouple
> this issue from the core issue you're working on, so at least it keeps the
> old behavior (which is pure lookup on pfn injections) until a solid issue
> occurs?  It avoids the case where we could introduce unnecessary code but
> then it's much harder to justify a removal.  What do you think?

I'll use the _pfn variant and document the behavior.

I do wonder why we even have to lookup the memtype again if the caller 
apparently reserved it (which implied checking it). All a bit weird.

-- 
Cheers,

David / dhildenb

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