linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] mm/hugetlb: fix kernel NULL pointer dereference when replacing free hugetlb folios

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Message-ID: <d405ba61-0002-4663-8ab7-ab728049d8a3@redhat.com>
Date: Mon, 26 May 2025 14:41:49 +0200
From: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
To: yangge1116@....com, akpm@...ux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-mm@...ck.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, stable@...r.kernel.org,
 21cnbao@...il.com, baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com, muchun.song@...ux.dev,
 osalvador@...e.de, liuzixing@...on.cn
Subject: Re: [PATCH] mm/hugetlb: fix kernel NULL pointer dereference when
 replacing free hugetlb folios

On 22.05.25 05:22, yangge1116@....com wrote:
> From: Ge Yang <yangge1116@....com>
> 
> A kernel crash was observed when replacing free hugetlb folios:
> 
> BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000028
> PGD 0 P4D 0
> Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
> CPU: 28 UID: 0 PID: 29639 Comm: test_cma.sh Tainted 6.15.0-rc6-zp #41 PREEMPT(voluntary)
> RIP: 0010:alloc_and_dissolve_hugetlb_folio+0x1d/0x1f0
> RSP: 0018:ffffc9000b30fa90 EFLAGS: 00010286
> RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000342cca RCX: ffffea0043000000
> RDX: ffffc9000b30fb08 RSI: ffffea0043000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
> RBP: ffffc9000b30fb20 R08: 0000000000001000 R09: 0000000000000000
> R10: ffff88886f92eb00 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffea0043000000
> R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00000000010c0200 R15: 0000000000000004
> FS:  00007fcda5f14740(0000) GS:ffff8888ec1d8000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
> CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
> CR2: 0000000000000028 CR3: 0000000391402000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0
> Call Trace:
> <TASK>
>   replace_free_hugepage_folios+0xb6/0x100
>   alloc_contig_range_noprof+0x18a/0x590
>   ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
>   ? down_read+0x12/0xa0
>   ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
>   cma_range_alloc.constprop.0+0x131/0x290
>   __cma_alloc+0xcf/0x2c0
>   cma_alloc_write+0x43/0xb0
>   simple_attr_write_xsigned.constprop.0.isra.0+0xb2/0x110
>   debugfs_attr_write+0x46/0x70
>   full_proxy_write+0x62/0xa0
>   vfs_write+0xf8/0x420
>   ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
>   ? filp_flush+0x86/0xa0
>   ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
>   ? filp_close+0x1f/0x30
>   ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
>   ? do_dup2+0xaf/0x160
>   ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
>   ksys_write+0x65/0xe0
>   do_syscall_64+0x64/0x170
>   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
> 
> There is a potential race between __update_and_free_hugetlb_folio()
> and replace_free_hugepage_folios():
> 
> CPU1                              CPU2
> __update_and_free_hugetlb_folio   replace_free_hugepage_folios
>                                      folio_test_hugetlb(folio)
>                                      -- It's still hugetlb folio.
> 
>    __folio_clear_hugetlb(folio)
>    hugetlb_free_folio(folio)
>                                      h = folio_hstate(folio)
>                                      -- Here, h is NULL pointer
> 
> When the above race condition occurs, folio_hstate(folio) returns
> NULL, and subsequent access to this NULL pointer will cause the
> system to crash. To resolve this issue, execute folio_hstate(folio)
> under the protection of the hugetlb_lock lock, ensuring that
> folio_hstate(folio) does not return NULL.
> 
> Fixes: 04f13d241b8b ("mm: replace free hugepage folios after migration")
> Signed-off-by: Ge Yang <yangge1116@....com>
> Cc: <stable@...r.kernel.org>
> ---
>   mm/hugetlb.c | 8 ++++++++
>   1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c
> index 3d3ca6b..6c2e007 100644
> --- a/mm/hugetlb.c
> +++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
> @@ -2924,12 +2924,20 @@ int replace_free_hugepage_folios(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
>   
>   	while (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
>   		folio = pfn_folio(start_pfn);
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * The folio might have been dissolved from under our feet, so make sure
> +		 * to carefully check the state under the lock.
> +		 */
> +		spin_lock_irq(&hugetlb_lock);
>   		if (folio_test_hugetlb(folio)) {
>   			h = folio_hstate(folio);
>   		} else {
> +			spin_unlock_irq(&hugetlb_lock);
>   			start_pfn++;
>   			continue;
>   		}
> +		spin_unlock_irq(&hugetlb_lock);

As mentioned elsewhere, this will grab the hugetlb_lock for each and 
every pfn in the range if there are no hugetlb folios (common case).

That should certainly *not* be done.

In case we see !folio_test_hugetlb(), we should just move on.

-- 
Cheers,

David / dhildenb