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Message-ID: <aEEnbJKLdwOZm3UC@e129823.arm.com>
Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2025 06:13:16 +0100
From: Yeoreum Yun <yeoreum.yun@....com>
To: Luka <luka.2016.cs@...il.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, linux-mm@...ck.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [BUG] WARNING: locking bug in ___rmqueue_pcplist in Linux kernel
 v6.12

> Hi Luka,
>
> >
> > I am writing to report a potential vulnerability identified in the
> > upstream Linux Kernel version v6.12, corresponding to the following
> > commit in the mainline repository:
> >
> > Git Commit:  adc218676eef25575469234709c2d87185ca223a (tag: v6.12)
> >
> > This issue was discovered during the testing of the Android 16 AOSP
> > kernel, which is based on Linux kernel version 6.12, specifically from
> > the AOSP kernel branch:
> >
> > AOSP kernel branch: android16-6.12
> > Manifest path: kernel/common.git
> > Source URL:  https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common/+/refs/heads/android16-6.12
> >
> > Although this kernel branch is used in Android 16 development, its
> > base is aligned with the upstream Linux v6.12 release. I observed this
> > issue while conducting stability and fuzzing tests on the Android 16
> > platform and identified that the root cause lies in the upstream
> > codebase.
> >
> >
> > Bug Location: ___rmqueue_pcplist+0x3b0/0x236c mm/page_alloc.c:3276
> >
> > Bug Report: https://hastebin.com/share/tobupusuya.bash
> >
> > Entire Log: https://hastebin.com/share/imecipavet.yaml
> >
> >
> > Thank you very much for your time and attention. I sincerely apologize
> > that I am currently unable to provide a reproducer for this issue.
> > However, I am actively working on reproducing the problem, and I will
> > make sure to share any findings or reproducing steps with you as soon
> > as they are available.
> >
> > I greatly appreciate your efforts in maintaining the Linux kernel and
> > your attention to this matter.
> >
>
> Could you make a test with this patch please?
>
> -----8-----
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> index 28066b4ced81..4c7007377525 100644
> --- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
> +++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> @@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ enum zone_watermarks {
>  #define        PCPF_FREE_HIGH_BATCH            BIT(1)
>
>  struct per_cpu_pages {
> -       spinlock_t lock;        /* Protects lists field */
> +       raw_spinlock_t lock;    /* Protects lists field */
>         int count;              /* number of pages in the list */
>         int high;               /* high watermark, emptying needed */
>         int high_min;           /* min high watermark */
> diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> :...skipping...
> diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> index 28066b4ced81..4c7007377525 100644
> --- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
> +++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> @@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ enum zone_watermarks {
>  #define        PCPF_FREE_HIGH_BATCH            BIT(1)
>
>  struct per_cpu_pages {
> -       spinlock_t lock;        /* Protects lists field */
> +       raw_spinlock_t lock;    /* Protects lists field */
>         int count;              /* number of pages in the list */
>         int high;               /* high watermark, emptying needed */
>         int high_min;           /* min high watermark */
> diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> index 2ef3c07266b3..f00d58aba491 100644
> --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ static DEFINE_MUTEX(pcp_batch_high_lock);
>         type *_ret;                                                     \
>         pcpu_task_pin();                                                \
>         _ret = this_cpu_ptr(ptr);                                       \
> -       spin_lock(&_ret->member);                                       \
> +       raw_spin_lock(&_ret->member);                                   \
>         _ret;                                                           \
>  })
>
> @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ static DEFINE_MUTEX(pcp_batch_high_lock);
>         type *_ret;                                                     \
>         pcpu_task_pin();                                                \
>         _ret = this_cpu_ptr(ptr);                                       \
> -       if (!spin_trylock(&_ret->member)) {                             \
> +       if (!raw_spin_trylock(&_ret->member)) {                         \
>                 pcpu_task_unpin();                                      \
>                 _ret = NULL;                                            \
>         }                                                               \
> @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static DEFINE_MUTEX(pcp_batch_high_lock);
>
>  #define pcpu_spin_unlock(member, ptr)                                  \
>  ({                                                                     \
> -       spin_unlock(&ptr->member);                                      \
> +       raw_spin_unlock(&ptr->member);                                  \
>         pcpu_task_unpin();                                              \
>  })
>
> @@ -2393,9 +2393,9 @@ int decay_pcp_high(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pages *pcp)
>
>         to_drain = pcp->count - pcp->high;
>         if (to_drain > 0) {
> -               spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>                 free_pcppages_bulk(zone, to_drain, pcp, 0);
> -               spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>                 todo++;
>         }
>
> @@ -2415,9 +2415,9 @@ void drain_zone_pages(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pages *pcp)
>         batch = READ_ONCE(pcp->batch);
>         to_drain = min(pcp->count, batch);
>         if (to_drain > 0) {
> -               spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>                 free_pcppages_bulk(zone, to_drain, pcp, 0);
> -               spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>         }
>  }
>  #endif
> @@ -2431,7 +2431,7 @@ static void drain_pages_zone(unsigned int cpu, struct zone *zone)
>         int count;
>
>         do {
> -               spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>                 count = pcp->count;
>                 if (count) {
>                         int to_drain = min(count,
> @@ -2440,7 +2440,7 @@ static void drain_pages_zone(unsigned int cpu, struct zone *zone)
>                         free_pcppages_bulk(zone, to_drain, pcp, 0);
>                         count -= to_drain;
>                 }
> -               spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>         } while (count);
>  }
>
> @@ -5744,7 +5744,7 @@ static void per_cpu_pages_init(struct per_cpu_pages *pcp, struct per_cpu_zonesta
>         memset(pcp, 0, sizeof(*pcp));
>         memset(pzstats, 0, sizeof(*pzstats));
>
> -       spin_lock_init(&pcp->lock);
> +       raw_spin_lock_init(&pcp->lock);
>         for (pindex = 0; pindex < NR_PCP_LISTS; pindex++)
>                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pcp->lists[pindex]);
>
> @@ -5854,12 +5854,12 @@ static void zone_pcp_update_cacheinfo(struct zone *zone, unsigned int cpu)
>          * This can reduce zone lock contention without hurting
>          * cache-hot pages sharing.
>          */
> -       spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +       raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>         if ((cci->per_cpu_data_slice_size >> PAGE_SHIFT) > 3 * pcp->batch)
>                 pcp->flags |= PCPF_FREE_HIGH_BATCH;
>         else
>                 pcp->flags &= ~PCPF_FREE_HIGH_BATCH;
> -       spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +       raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>  }
>
>  void setup_pcp_cacheinfo(unsigned int cpu)
> (END)
> @@ -2393,9 +2393,9 @@ int decay_pcp_high(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pages *pcp)
>
>         to_drain = pcp->count - pcp->high;
>         if (to_drain > 0) {
> -               spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>                 free_pcppages_bulk(zone, to_drain, pcp, 0);
> -               spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>                 todo++;
>         }
>
> @@ -2415,9 +2415,9 @@ void drain_zone_pages(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pages *pcp)
>         batch = READ_ONCE(pcp->batch);
> :
> @@ -2393,9 +2393,9 @@ int decay_pcp_high(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pages *pcp)
>
>         to_drain = pcp->count - pcp->high;
>         if (to_drain > 0) {
> -               spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>                 free_pcppages_bulk(zone, to_drain, pcp, 0);
> -               spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>                 todo++;
>         }
>
> @@ -2415,9 +2415,9 @@ void drain_zone_pages(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pages *pcp)
>         batch = READ_ONCE(pcp->batch);
>         to_drain = min(pcp->count, batch);
>         if (to_drain > 0) {
> -               spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>                 free_pcppages_bulk(zone, to_drain, pcp, 0);
> -               spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>         }
>  }
>  #endif
> @@ -2431,7 +2431,7 @@ static void drain_pages_zone(unsigned int cpu, struct zone *zone)
>         int count;
>
>         do {
> -               spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>                 count = pcp->count;
>                 if (count) {
>                         int to_drain = min(count,
> @@ -2440,7 +2440,7 @@ static void drain_pages_zone(unsigned int cpu, struct zone *zone)
>                         free_pcppages_bulk(zone, to_drain, pcp, 0);
>                         count -= to_drain;
>                 }
> -               spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +               raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>         } while (count);
>  }
>
> @@ -5744,7 +5744,7 @@ static void per_cpu_pages_init(struct per_cpu_pages *pcp, struct per_cpu_zonesta
>         memset(pcp, 0, sizeof(*pcp));
>         memset(pzstats, 0, sizeof(*pzstats));
>
> -       spin_lock_init(&pcp->lock);
> +       raw_spin_lock_init(&pcp->lock);
>         for (pindex = 0; pindex < NR_PCP_LISTS; pindex++)
>                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pcp->lists[pindex]);
>
> @@ -5854,12 +5854,12 @@ static void zone_pcp_update_cacheinfo(struct zone *zone, unsigned int cpu)
>          * This can reduce zone lock contention without hurting
>          * cache-hot pages sharing.
>          */
> -       spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
> +       raw_spin_lock(&pcp->lock);
>         if ((cci->per_cpu_data_slice_size >> PAGE_SHIFT) > 3 * pcp->batch)
>                 pcp->flags |= PCPF_FREE_HIGH_BATCH;
>         else
>                 pcp->flags &= ~PCPF_FREE_HIGH_BATCH;
> -       spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
> +       raw_spin_unlock(&pcp->lock);
>  }
>
>  void setup_pcp_cacheinfo(unsigned int cpu)

Sorry for my bad, I read code wrong...

This problem is gone since:
  commit  d40797d6720e8 ("kasan: make kasan_record_aux_stack_noalloc() the default behaviour")

Thanks
--
Sincerely,
Yeoreum Yun

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