Message-ID: <6442f975-6363-4969-a0bf-55d06eec9528@nvidia.com>
Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2025 20:36:48 +1000
From: Balbir Singh <balbirs@...dia.com>
To: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@...hat.com>,
 Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>, linux-mm@...ck.org,
 linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Karol Herbst <kherbst@...hat.com>,
 Lyude Paul <lyude@...hat.com>, Danilo Krummrich <dakr@...nel.org>,
 David Airlie <airlied@...il.com>, Simona Vetter <simona@...ll.ch>,
 Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@...hat.com>,
 Shuah Khan <shuah@...nel.org>, Barry Song <baohua@...nel.org>,
 Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>,
 Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com>, Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
 Peter Xu <peterx@...hat.com>, Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@...wei.com>,
 Jane Chu <jane.chu@...cle.com>, Alistair Popple <apopple@...dia.com>,
 Donet Tom <donettom@...ux.ibm.com>, Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@...el.com>,
 Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@...el.com>,
 Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@...dia.com>
Subject: Re: [v2 02/11] mm/thp: zone_device awareness in THP handling code

On 8/5/25 20:35, Mika Penttilä wrote:
> 
> On 8/5/25 13:27, Balbir Singh wrote:
> 
>> On 8/5/25 14:24, Mika Penttilä wrote:
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> On 8/5/25 07:10, Balbir Singh wrote:
>>>> On 8/5/25 09:26, Mika Penttilä wrote:
>>>>> Hi,
>>>>>
>>>>> On 8/5/25 01:46, Balbir Singh wrote:
>>>>>> On 8/2/25 22:13, Mika Penttilä wrote:
>>>>>>> Hi,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On 8/2/25 13:37, Balbir Singh wrote:
>>>>>>>> FYI:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> I have the following patch on top of my series that seems to make it work
>>>>>>>> without requiring the helper to split device private folios
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I think this looks much better!
>>>>>>>
>>>>>> Thanks!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@...dia.com>
>>>>>>>> ---
>>>>>>>>  include/linux/huge_mm.h |  1 -
>>>>>>>>  lib/test_hmm.c          | 11 +++++-
>>>>>>>>  mm/huge_memory.c        | 76 ++++-------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>  mm/migrate_device.c     | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>>>>>>>>  4 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 72 deletions(-)
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> diff --git a/include/linux/huge_mm.h b/include/linux/huge_mm.h
>>>>>>>> index 19e7e3b7c2b7..52d8b435950b 100644
>>>>>>>> --- a/include/linux/huge_mm.h
>>>>>>>> +++ b/include/linux/huge_mm.h
>>>>>>>> @@ -343,7 +343,6 @@ unsigned long thp_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(struct file *filp, unsigned long add
>>>>>>>>  		vm_flags_t vm_flags);
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>>  bool can_split_folio(struct folio *folio, int caller_pins, int *pextra_pins);
>>>>>>>> -int split_device_private_folio(struct folio *folio);
>>>>>>>>  int __split_huge_page_to_list_to_order(struct page *page, struct list_head *list,
>>>>>>>>  		unsigned int new_order, bool unmapped);
>>>>>>>>  int min_order_for_split(struct folio *folio);
>>>>>>>> diff --git a/lib/test_hmm.c b/lib/test_hmm.c
>>>>>>>> index 341ae2af44ec..444477785882 100644
>>>>>>>> --- a/lib/test_hmm.c
>>>>>>>> +++ b/lib/test_hmm.c
>>>>>>>> @@ -1625,13 +1625,22 @@ static vm_fault_t dmirror_devmem_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
>>>>>>>>  	 * the mirror but here we use it to hold the page for the simulated
>>>>>>>>  	 * device memory and that page holds the pointer to the mirror.
>>>>>>>>  	 */
>>>>>>>> -	rpage = vmf->page->zone_device_data;
>>>>>>>> +	rpage = folio_page(page_folio(vmf->page), 0)->zone_device_data;
>>>>>>>>  	dmirror = rpage->zone_device_data;
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>>  	/* FIXME demonstrate how we can adjust migrate range */
>>>>>>>>  	order = folio_order(page_folio(vmf->page));
>>>>>>>>  	nr = 1 << order;
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>> +	/*
>>>>>>>> +	 * When folios are partially mapped, we can't rely on the folio
>>>>>>>> +	 * order of vmf->page as the folio might not be fully split yet
>>>>>>>> +	 */
>>>>>>>> +	if (vmf->pte) {
>>>>>>>> +		order = 0;
>>>>>>>> +		nr = 1;
>>>>>>>> +	}
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>>  	/*
>>>>>>>>  	 * Consider a per-cpu cache of src and dst pfns, but with
>>>>>>>>  	 * large number of cpus that might not scale well.
>>>>>>>> diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
>>>>>>>> index 1fc1efa219c8..863393dec1f1 100644
>>>>>>>> --- a/mm/huge_memory.c
>>>>>>>> +++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
>>>>>>>> @@ -72,10 +72,6 @@ static unsigned long deferred_split_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
>>>>>>>>  					  struct shrink_control *sc);
>>>>>>>>  static unsigned long deferred_split_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
>>>>>>>>  					 struct shrink_control *sc);
>>>>>>>> -static int __split_unmapped_folio(struct folio *folio, int new_order,
>>>>>>>> -		struct page *split_at, struct xa_state *xas,
>>>>>>>> -		struct address_space *mapping, bool uniform_split);
>>>>>>>> -
>>>>>>>>  static bool split_underused_thp = true;
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>>  static atomic_t huge_zero_refcount;
>>>>>>>> @@ -2924,51 +2920,6 @@ static void __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>>>>>>>>  	pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
>>>>>>>>  }
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>> -/**
>>>>>>>> - * split_huge_device_private_folio - split a huge device private folio into
>>>>>>>> - * smaller pages (of order 0), currently used by migrate_device logic to
>>>>>>>> - * split folios for pages that are partially mapped
>>>>>>>> - *
>>>>>>>> - * @folio: the folio to split
>>>>>>>> - *
>>>>>>>> - * The caller has to hold the folio_lock and a reference via folio_get
>>>>>>>> - */
>>>>>>>> -int split_device_private_folio(struct folio *folio)
>>>>>>>> -{
>>>>>>>> -	struct folio *end_folio = folio_next(folio);
>>>>>>>> -	struct folio *new_folio;
>>>>>>>> -	int ret = 0;
>>>>>>>> -
>>>>>>>> -	/*
>>>>>>>> -	 * Split the folio now. In the case of device
>>>>>>>> -	 * private pages, this path is executed when
>>>>>>>> -	 * the pmd is split and since freeze is not true
>>>>>>>> -	 * it is likely the folio will be deferred_split.
>>>>>>>> -	 *
>>>>>>>> -	 * With device private pages, deferred splits of
>>>>>>>> -	 * folios should be handled here to prevent partial
>>>>>>>> -	 * unmaps from causing issues later on in migration
>>>>>>>> -	 * and fault handling flows.
>>>>>>>> -	 */
>>>>>>>> -	folio_ref_freeze(folio, 1 + folio_expected_ref_count(folio));
>>>>>>>> -	ret = __split_unmapped_folio(folio, 0, &folio->page, NULL, NULL, true);
>>>>>>>> -	VM_WARN_ON(ret);
>>>>>>>> -	for (new_folio = folio_next(folio); new_folio != end_folio;
>>>>>>>> -					new_folio = folio_next(new_folio)) {
>>>>>>>> -		zone_device_private_split_cb(folio, new_folio);
>>>>>>>> -		folio_ref_unfreeze(new_folio, 1 + folio_expected_ref_count(
>>>>>>>> -								new_folio));
>>>>>>>> -	}
>>>>>>>> -
>>>>>>>> -	/*
>>>>>>>> -	 * Mark the end of the folio split for device private THP
>>>>>>>> -	 * split
>>>>>>>> -	 */
>>>>>>>> -	zone_device_private_split_cb(folio, NULL);
>>>>>>>> -	folio_ref_unfreeze(folio, 1 + folio_expected_ref_count(folio));
>>>>>>>> -	return ret;
>>>>>>>> -}
>>>>>>>> -
>>>>>>>>  static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
>>>>>>>>  		unsigned long haddr, bool freeze)
>>>>>>>>  {
>>>>>>>> @@ -3064,30 +3015,15 @@ static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
>>>>>>>>  				freeze = false;
>>>>>>>>  			if (!freeze) {
>>>>>>>>  				rmap_t rmap_flags = RMAP_NONE;
>>>>>>>> -				unsigned long addr = haddr;
>>>>>>>> -				struct folio *new_folio;
>>>>>>>> -				struct folio *end_folio = folio_next(folio);
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>>  				if (anon_exclusive)
>>>>>>>>  					rmap_flags |= RMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>> -				folio_lock(folio);
>>>>>>>> -				folio_get(folio);
>>>>>>>> -
>>>>>>>> -				split_device_private_folio(folio);
>>>>>>>> -
>>>>>>>> -				for (new_folio = folio_next(folio);
>>>>>>>> -					new_folio != end_folio;
>>>>>>>> -					new_folio = folio_next(new_folio)) {
>>>>>>>> -					addr += PAGE_SIZE;
>>>>>>>> -					folio_unlock(new_folio);
>>>>>>>> -					folio_add_anon_rmap_ptes(new_folio,
>>>>>>>> -						&new_folio->page, 1,
>>>>>>>> -						vma, addr, rmap_flags);
>>>>>>>> -				}
>>>>>>>> -				folio_unlock(folio);
>>>>>>>> -				folio_add_anon_rmap_ptes(folio, &folio->page,
>>>>>>>> -						1, vma, haddr, rmap_flags);
>>>>>>>> +				folio_ref_add(folio, HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1);
>>>>>>>> +				if (anon_exclusive)
>>>>>>>> +					rmap_flags |= RMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
>>>>>>>> +				folio_add_anon_rmap_ptes(folio, page, HPAGE_PMD_NR,
>>>>>>>> +						 vma, haddr, rmap_flags);
>>>>>>>>  			}
>>>>>>>>  		}
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>> @@ -4065,7 +4001,7 @@ static int __folio_split(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
>>>>>>>>  	if (nr_shmem_dropped)
>>>>>>>>  		shmem_uncharge(mapping->host, nr_shmem_dropped);
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>> -	if (!ret && is_anon)
>>>>>>>> +	if (!ret && is_anon && !folio_is_device_private(folio))
>>>>>>>>  		remap_flags = RMP_USE_SHARED_ZEROPAGE;
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>>  	remap_page(folio, 1 << order, remap_flags);
>>>>>>>> diff --git a/mm/migrate_device.c b/mm/migrate_device.c
>>>>>>>> index 49962ea19109..4264c0290d08 100644
>>>>>>>> --- a/mm/migrate_device.c
>>>>>>>> +++ b/mm/migrate_device.c
>>>>>>>> @@ -248,6 +248,8 @@ static int migrate_vma_collect_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp,
>>>>>>>>  			 * page table entry. Other special swap entries are not
>>>>>>>>  			 * migratable, and we ignore regular swapped page.
>>>>>>>>  			 */
>>>>>>>> +			struct folio *folio;
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>>  			entry = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
>>>>>>>>  			if (!is_device_private_entry(entry))
>>>>>>>>  				goto next;
>>>>>>>> @@ -259,6 +261,55 @@ static int migrate_vma_collect_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp,
>>>>>>>>  			    pgmap->owner != migrate->pgmap_owner)
>>>>>>>>  				goto next;
>>>>>>>>  
>>>>>>>> +			folio = page_folio(page);
>>>>>>>> +			if (folio_test_large(folio)) {
>>>>>>>> +				struct folio *new_folio;
>>>>>>>> +				struct folio *new_fault_folio;
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>> +				/*
>>>>>>>> +				 * The reason for finding pmd present with a
>>>>>>>> +				 * device private pte and a large folio for the
>>>>>>>> +				 * pte is partial unmaps. Split the folio now
>>>>>>>> +				 * for the migration to be handled correctly
>>>>>>>> +				 */
>>>>>>>> +				pte_unmap_unlock(ptep, ptl);
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>> +				folio_get(folio);
>>>>>>>> +				if (folio != fault_folio)
>>>>>>>> +					folio_lock(folio);
>>>>>>>> +				if (split_folio(folio)) {
>>>>>>>> +					if (folio != fault_folio)
>>>>>>>> +						folio_unlock(folio);
>>>>>>>> +					ptep = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmdp, addr, &ptl);
>>>>>>>> +					goto next;
>>>>>>>> +				}
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>> The nouveau migrate_to_ram handler needs adjustment also if split happens.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>> test_hmm needs adjustment because of the way the backup folios are setup.
>>>>> nouveau should check the folio order after the possible split happens.
>>>>>
>>>> You mean the folio_split callback?
>>> no, nouveau_dmem_migrate_to_ram():
>>> ..
>>>         sfolio = page_folio(vmf->page);
>>>         order = folio_order(sfolio);
>>> ...
>>>         migrate_vma_setup()
>>> ..
>>> if sfolio is split order still reflects the pre-split order
>>>
>> Will fix, good catch!
>>
>>>>>>>> +				/*
>>>>>>>> +				 * After the split, get back the extra reference
>>>>>>>> +				 * on the fault_page, this reference is checked during
>>>>>>>> +				 * folio_migrate_mapping()
>>>>>>>> +				 */
>>>>>>>> +				if (migrate->fault_page) {
>>>>>>>> +					new_fault_folio = page_folio(migrate->fault_page);
>>>>>>>> +					folio_get(new_fault_folio);
>>>>>>>> +				}
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>> +				new_folio = page_folio(page);
>>>>>>>> +				pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>> +				/*
>>>>>>>> +				 * Ensure the lock is held on the correct
>>>>>>>> +				 * folio after the split
>>>>>>>> +				 */
>>>>>>>> +				if (folio != new_folio) {
>>>>>>>> +					folio_unlock(folio);
>>>>>>>> +					folio_lock(new_folio);
>>>>>>>> +				}
>>>>>>> Maybe careful not to unlock fault_page ?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>> split_page will unlock everything but the original folio, the code takes the lock
>>>>>> on the folio corresponding to the new folio
>>>>> I mean do_swap_page() unlocks folio of fault_page and expects it to remain locked.
>>>>>
>>>> Not sure I follow what you're trying to elaborate on here
>>> do_swap_page:
>>> ..
>>>         if (trylock_page(vmf->page)) {
>>>                 ret = pgmap->ops->migrate_to_ram(vmf);
>>>                                <- vmf->page should be locked here even after split
>>>                 unlock_page(vmf->page);
>>>
>> Yep, the split will unlock all tail folios, leaving the just head folio locked
>> and this the change, the lock we need to hold is the folio lock associated with
>> fault_page, pte entry and not unlock when the cause is a fault. The code seems
>> to do the right thing there, let me double check
> 
> Yes the fault case is ok. But if migrate not for a fault, we should not leave any page locked
> 

migrate_vma_finalize() handles this

Balbir

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