Message-Id: <20250924-gpio-shared-v1-5-775e7efeb1a3@linaro.org>
Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2025 16:51:33 +0200
From: Bartosz Golaszewski <brgl@...ev.pl>
To: Kees Cook <kees@...nel.org>, Mika Westerberg <westeri@...nel.org>, 
 Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@...il.com>, 
 Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, 
 Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@...aro.org>, 
 Manivannan Sadhasivam <mani@...nel.org>, Rob Herring <robh@...nel.org>, 
 Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk+dt@...nel.org>, 
 Conor Dooley <conor+dt@...nel.org>, Saravana Kannan <saravanak@...gle.com>, 
 Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>, 
 Andy Shevchenko <andy@...nel.org>, Bartosz Golaszewski <brgl@...ev.pl>, 
 Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>, Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>, 
 Srinivas Kandagatla <srini@...nel.org>, Liam Girdwood <lgirdwood@...il.com>, 
 Mark Brown <broonie@...nel.org>, Jaroslav Kysela <perex@...ex.cz>, 
 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@...e.com>
Cc: linux-hardening@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, 
 linux-gpio@...r.kernel.org, linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, 
 linux-sound@...r.kernel.org, linux-arm-msm@...r.kernel.org, 
 Bartosz Golaszewski <bartosz.golaszewski@...aro.org>
Subject: [PATCH RFC 5/9] gpio: shared-proxy: implement the shared GPIO
 proxy driver

From: Bartosz Golaszewski <bartosz.golaszewski@...aro.org>

Add a virtual GPIO proxy driver which arbitrates access to a single
shared GPIO by multiple users. It works together with the core shared
GPIO support from GPIOLIB and functions by acquiring a reference to a
shared GPIO descriptor exposed by gpiolib-shared and making sure that
the state of the GPIO stays consistent.

In general: if there's only one user at the moment: allow it to do
anything as if this was a normal GPIO (in essence: just propagate calls
to the underlying real hardware driver). If there are more users: don't
allow to change the direction set by the initial user, allow to change
configuration options but warn about possible conflicts and finally:
treat the output-high value as a reference counted, logical "GPIO
enabled" setting, meaning: the GPIO value is set to high when the first
user requests it to be high and back to low once the last user stops
"voting" for high.

Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bartosz.golaszewski@...aro.org>
---
 drivers/gpio/Kconfig             |   9 ++
 drivers/gpio/Makefile            |   1 +
 drivers/gpio/gpio-shared-proxy.c | 328 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 338 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/gpio/Kconfig b/drivers/gpio/Kconfig
index 679a7385a9776eef96a86ca4f429ee83ac939362..de8e4febf344fc19a633cd7efe8412fe12166fb8 100644
--- a/drivers/gpio/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/gpio/Kconfig
@@ -2025,6 +2025,15 @@ config GPIO_SIM
 	  This enables the GPIO simulator - a configfs-based GPIO testing
 	  driver.
 
+config GPIO_SHARED_PROXY
+	tristate "Proxy driver for non-exclusive GPIOs"
+	default m
+	depends on GPIO_SHARED || COMPILE_TEST
+	select AUXILIARY_BUS
+	help
+	  This enables the GPIO shared proxy driver - an abstraction layer
+	  for GPIO pins that are shared by multiple devices.
+
 endmenu
 
 menu "GPIO Debugging utilities"
diff --git a/drivers/gpio/Makefile b/drivers/gpio/Makefile
index f702f7e27e5b4017e7eab3019dae4ec912d534f8..d0020bc70b84f6fb9949165070c21725a60f47e2 100644
--- a/drivers/gpio/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/gpio/Makefile
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_ARCH_SA1100)		+= gpio-sa1100.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GPIO_SAMA5D2_PIOBU)	+= gpio-sama5d2-piobu.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GPIO_SCH311X)		+= gpio-sch311x.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GPIO_SCH)			+= gpio-sch.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_GPIO_SHARED_PROXY)		+= gpio-shared-proxy.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GPIO_SIFIVE)		+= gpio-sifive.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GPIO_SIM)			+= gpio-sim.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GPIO_SIOX)			+= gpio-siox.o
diff --git a/drivers/gpio/gpio-shared-proxy.c b/drivers/gpio/gpio-shared-proxy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..804038d33a40e45c8577f278faea79145a91a5bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/gpio/gpio-shared-proxy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 Linaro Ltd.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/auxiliary_bus.h>
+#include <linux/cleanup.h>
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
+#include <linux/gpio/driver.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+
+#include "gpiolib-shared.h"
+
+struct gpio_shared_proxy_data {
+	struct gpio_chip gc;
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc;
+	struct device *dev;
+	bool voted_high;
+};
+
+static int
+gpio_shared_proxy_set_unlocked(struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy,
+			       int (*set_func)(struct gpio_desc *desc, int value),
+			       int value)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc = proxy->shared_desc;
+	struct gpio_desc *desc = shared_desc->desc;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	gpio_shared_lockdep_assert(shared_desc);
+
+	if (value) {
+	       /* User wants to set value to high. */
+		if (proxy->voted_high)
+			/* Already voted for high, nothing to do. */
+			goto out;
+
+		/* Haven't voted for high yet. */
+		if (!shared_desc->highcnt) {
+			/*
+			 * Current value is low, need to actually set value
+			 * to high.
+			 */
+			ret = set_func(desc, 1);
+			if (ret)
+				goto out;
+		}
+
+		shared_desc->highcnt++;
+		proxy->voted_high = true;
+
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Desired value is low. */
+	if (!proxy->voted_high)
+		/* We didn't vote for high, nothing to do. */
+		goto out;
+
+	/* We previously voted for high. */
+	if (shared_desc->highcnt == 1) {
+		/* This is the last remaining vote for high, set value  to low. */
+		ret = set_func(desc, 0);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	shared_desc->highcnt--;
+	proxy->voted_high = false;
+
+out:
+	if (shared_desc->highcnt)
+		dev_dbg(proxy->dev,
+			"Voted for value '%s', effective value is 'high', number of votes for 'high': %u\n",
+			value ? "high" : "low", shared_desc->highcnt);
+	else
+		dev_dbg(proxy->dev, "Voted for value 'low', effective value is 'low'\n");
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_request(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned int offset)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc = proxy->shared_desc;
+
+	guard(gpio_shared_desc_lock)(shared_desc);
+
+	proxy->shared_desc->usecnt++;
+
+	dev_dbg(proxy->dev, "Shared GPIO requested, number of users: %u\n",
+		proxy->shared_desc->usecnt);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void gpio_shared_proxy_free(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned int offset)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc = proxy->shared_desc;
+
+	guard(gpio_shared_desc_lock)(shared_desc);
+
+	proxy->shared_desc->usecnt--;
+
+	dev_dbg(proxy->dev, "Shared GPIO freed, number of users: %u\n",
+		proxy->shared_desc->usecnt);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_set_config(struct gpio_chip *gc,
+					unsigned int offset, unsigned long cfg)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc = proxy->shared_desc;
+	struct gpio_desc *desc = shared_desc->desc;
+	int ret;
+
+	guard(gpio_shared_desc_lock)(shared_desc);
+
+	if (shared_desc->usecnt > 1) {
+		if (shared_desc->cfg != cfg) {
+			dev_dbg(proxy->dev,
+				"Shared GPIO's configuration already set, accepting changes but users may conflict!!\n");
+		} else {
+			dev_dbg(proxy->dev, "Equal config requested, nothing to do\n");
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ret = gpiod_set_config(desc, cfg);
+	if (ret && ret != -ENOTSUPP)
+		return ret;
+
+	shared_desc->cfg = cfg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_direction_input(struct gpio_chip *gc,
+					     unsigned int offset)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc = proxy->shared_desc;
+	struct gpio_desc *desc = shared_desc->desc;
+	int dir;
+
+	guard(gpio_shared_desc_lock)(shared_desc);
+
+	if (shared_desc->usecnt == 1) {
+		dev_dbg(proxy->dev,
+			"Only one user of this shared GPIO, allowing to set direction to input\n");
+
+		return gpiod_direction_input(desc);
+	}
+
+	dir = gpiod_get_direction(desc);
+	if (dir < 0)
+		return dir;
+
+	if (dir == GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_OUT) {
+		dev_dbg(proxy->dev,
+			"Shared GPIO's direction already set to output, refusing to change\n");
+		return -EPERM;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_direction_output(struct gpio_chip *gc,
+					      unsigned int offset, int value)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc = proxy->shared_desc;
+	struct gpio_desc *desc = shared_desc->desc;
+	int ret, dir;
+
+	guard(gpio_shared_desc_lock)(shared_desc);
+
+	if (shared_desc->usecnt == 1) {
+		dev_dbg(proxy->dev,
+			"Only one user of this shared GPIO, allowing to set direction to output\n");
+
+		ret = gpiod_direction_output(desc, value);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		if (value) {
+			proxy->voted_high = true;
+			shared_desc->highcnt = 1;
+		} else {
+			proxy->voted_high = false;
+			shared_desc->highcnt = 0;
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dir = gpiod_get_direction(desc);
+	if (dir < 0)
+		return dir;
+
+	if (dir == GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_IN) {
+		dev_dbg(proxy->dev,
+			"Shared GPIO's direction already set to input, refusing to change\n");
+		return -EPERM;
+	}
+
+	return gpio_shared_proxy_set_unlocked(proxy, gpiod_direction_output, value);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_get(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned int offset)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+
+	return gpiod_get_value(proxy->shared_desc->desc);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_get_cansleep(struct gpio_chip *gc,
+					  unsigned int offset)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+
+	return gpiod_get_value_cansleep(proxy->shared_desc->desc);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_do_set(struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy,
+				    int (*set_func)(struct gpio_desc *desc, int value),
+				    int value)
+{
+	guard(gpio_shared_desc_lock)(proxy->shared_desc);
+
+	return gpio_shared_proxy_set_unlocked(proxy, set_func, value);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_set(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned int offset,
+				 int value)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+
+	return gpio_shared_proxy_do_set(proxy, gpiod_set_value, value);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_set_cansleep(struct gpio_chip *gc,
+					  unsigned int offset, int value)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+
+	return gpio_shared_proxy_do_set(proxy, gpiod_set_value_cansleep, value);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_get_direction(struct gpio_chip *gc,
+					   unsigned int offset)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+
+	return gpiod_get_direction(proxy->shared_desc->desc);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_to_irq(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned int offset)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy = gpiochip_get_data(gc);
+
+	return gpiod_to_irq(proxy->shared_desc->desc);
+}
+
+static int gpio_shared_proxy_probe(struct auxiliary_device *adev,
+				   const struct auxiliary_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct gpio_shared_proxy_data *proxy;
+	struct gpio_shared_desc *shared_desc;
+	struct device *dev = &adev->dev;
+	struct gpio_chip *gc;
+
+	shared_desc = devm_gpiod_shared_get(dev);
+	if (IS_ERR(shared_desc))
+		return PTR_ERR(shared_desc);
+
+	proxy = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*proxy), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!proxy)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	proxy->shared_desc = shared_desc;
+	proxy->dev = dev;
+
+	gc = &proxy->gc;
+	gc->base = -1;
+	gc->ngpio = 1;
+	gc->label = dev_name(dev);
+	gc->parent = dev;
+	gc->owner = THIS_MODULE;
+	gc->can_sleep = shared_desc->can_sleep;
+
+	gc->request = gpio_shared_proxy_request;
+	gc->free = gpio_shared_proxy_free;
+	gc->set_config = gpio_shared_proxy_set_config;
+	gc->direction_input = gpio_shared_proxy_direction_input;
+	gc->direction_output = gpio_shared_proxy_direction_output;
+	if (gc->can_sleep) {
+		gc->set = gpio_shared_proxy_set_cansleep;
+		gc->get = gpio_shared_proxy_get_cansleep;
+	} else {
+		gc->set = gpio_shared_proxy_set;
+		gc->get = gpio_shared_proxy_get;
+	}
+	gc->get_direction = gpio_shared_proxy_get_direction;
+	gc->to_irq = gpio_shared_proxy_to_irq;
+
+	return devm_gpiochip_add_data(dev, &proxy->gc, proxy);
+}
+
+static const struct auxiliary_device_id gpio_shared_proxy_id_table[] = {
+	{ .name = "gpiolib_shared.proxy" },
+	{},
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(auxiliary, gpio_shared_proxy_id_table);
+
+static struct auxiliary_driver gpio_shared_proxy_driver = {
+	.driver = {
+		.name = "gpio-shared-proxy",
+	},
+	.probe = gpio_shared_proxy_probe,
+	.id_table = gpio_shared_proxy_id_table,
+};
+module_auxiliary_driver(gpio_shared_proxy_driver);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Bartosz Golaszewski <bartosz.golaszewski@...aro.org>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Shared GPIO mux driver.");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

-- 
2.48.1

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