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Message-ID: <1b311458-957a-4f0d-b7f9-51e75bbabd55@nvidia.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Oct 2025 11:01:49 +1100
From: Balbir Singh <balbirs@...dia.com>
To: Lance Yang <lance.yang@...ux.dev>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, dri-devel@...ts.freedesktop.org,
 linux-mm@...ck.org, akpm@...ux-foundation.org,
 David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>, Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>,
 Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@...il.com>, Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@...com>,
 Byungchul Park <byungchul@...com>, Gregory Price <gourry@...rry.net>,
 Ying Huang <ying.huang@...ux.alibaba.com>,
 Alistair Popple <apopple@...dia.com>, Oscar Salvador <osalvador@...e.de>,
 Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@...cle.com>,
 Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>,
 "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@...cle.com>, Nico Pache <npache@...hat.com>,
 Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com>, Dev Jain <dev.jain@....com>,
 Barry Song <baohua@...nel.org>, Lyude Paul <lyude@...hat.com>,
 Danilo Krummrich <dakr@...nel.org>, David Airlie <airlied@...il.com>,
 Simona Vetter <simona@...ll.ch>, Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@...dia.com>,
 Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@...hat.com>,
 Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@...el.com>,
 Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@...el.com>
Subject: Re: [v7 03/16] mm/huge_memory: add device-private THP support to PMD
 operations

On 10/13/25 02:46, Lance Yang wrote:
> On Wed, Oct 1, 2025 at 4:20 PM Balbir Singh <balbirs@...dia.com> wrote:
>>
>> Extend core huge page management functions to handle device-private THP
>> entries.  This enables proper handling of large device-private folios in
>> fundamental MM operations.
>>
>> The following functions have been updated:
>>
>> - copy_huge_pmd(): Handle device-private entries during fork/clone
>> - zap_huge_pmd(): Properly free device-private THP during munmap
>> - change_huge_pmd(): Support protection changes on device-private THP
>> - __pte_offset_map(): Add device-private entry awareness
>>
>> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
>> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>
>> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@...il.com>
>> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@...com>
>> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@...com>
>> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@...rry.net>
>> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@...ux.alibaba.com>
>> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@...dia.com>
>> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@...e.de>
>> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@...cle.com>
>> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>
>> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@...cle.com>
>> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@...hat.com>
>> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com>
>> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@....com>
>> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@...nel.org>
>> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@...hat.com>
>> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@...nel.org>
>> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@...il.com>
>> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@...ll.ch>
>> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@...dia.com>
>> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@...hat.com>
>> Cc: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@...el.com>
>> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@...el.com>
>> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
>> Acked-by: Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>
>> Signed-off-by: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@...el.com>
>> Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@...dia.com>
>> ---
>>  include/linux/swapops.h | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++
>>  mm/huge_memory.c        | 56 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
>>  mm/pgtable-generic.c    |  2 +-
>>  3 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/include/linux/swapops.h b/include/linux/swapops.h
>> index 64ea151a7ae3..2687928a8146 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/swapops.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/swapops.h
>> @@ -594,10 +594,42 @@ static inline int is_pmd_migration_entry(pmd_t pmd)
>>  }
>>  #endif  /* CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION */
>>
>> +#if defined(CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE) && defined(CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION)
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * is_pmd_device_private_entry() - Check if PMD contains a device private swap entry
>> + * @pmd: The PMD to check
>> + *
>> + * Returns true if the PMD contains a swap entry that represents a device private
>> + * page mapping. This is used for zone device private pages that have been
>> + * swapped out but still need special handling during various memory management
>> + * operations.
>> + *
>> + * Return: 1 if PMD contains device private entry, 0 otherwise
>> + */
>> +static inline int is_pmd_device_private_entry(pmd_t pmd)
>> +{
>> +       return is_swap_pmd(pmd) && is_device_private_entry(pmd_to_swp_entry(pmd));
>> +}
>> +
>> +#else /* CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE && CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION */
>> +
>> +static inline int is_pmd_device_private_entry(pmd_t pmd)
>> +{
>> +       return 0;
>> +}
>> +
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE && CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION */
>> +
>>  static inline int non_swap_entry(swp_entry_t entry)
>>  {
>>         return swp_type(entry) >= MAX_SWAPFILES;
>>  }
>>
>> +static inline int is_pmd_non_present_folio_entry(pmd_t pmd)
>> +{
>> +       return is_pmd_migration_entry(pmd) || is_pmd_device_private_entry(pmd);
>> +}
>> +
>>  #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
>>  #endif /* _LINUX_SWAPOPS_H */
>> diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
>> index 1b81680b4225..8e0a1747762d 100644
>> --- a/mm/huge_memory.c
>> +++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
>> @@ -1703,17 +1703,45 @@ int copy_huge_pmd(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
>>         if (unlikely(is_swap_pmd(pmd))) {
>>                 swp_entry_t entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(pmd);
>>
>> -               VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(pmd));
>> -               if (!is_readable_migration_entry(entry)) {
>> -                       entry = make_readable_migration_entry(
>> -                                                       swp_offset(entry));
>> +               VM_WARN_ON(!is_pmd_non_present_folio_entry(pmd));
>> +
>> +               if (is_writable_migration_entry(entry) ||
>> +                   is_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(entry)) {
>> +                       entry = make_readable_migration_entry(swp_offset(entry));
>>                         pmd = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
>>                         if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*src_pmd))
>>                                 pmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
>>                         if (pmd_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pmd))
>>                                 pmd = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmd);
>>                         set_pmd_at(src_mm, addr, src_pmd, pmd);
>> +               } else if (is_device_private_entry(entry)) {
>> +                       /*
>> +                        * For device private entries, since there are no
>> +                        * read exclusive entries, writable = !readable
>> +                        */
>> +                       if (is_writable_device_private_entry(entry)) {
>> +                               entry = make_readable_device_private_entry(swp_offset(entry));
>> +                               pmd = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
>> +
>> +                               if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*src_pmd))
>> +                                       pmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
>> +                               if (pmd_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pmd))
>> +                                       pmd = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmd);
>> +                               set_pmd_at(src_mm, addr, src_pmd, pmd);
>> +                       }
>> +
>> +                       src_folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
>> +                       VM_WARN_ON(!folio_test_large(src_folio));
>> +
>> +                       folio_get(src_folio);
>> +                       /*
>> +                        * folio_try_dup_anon_rmap_pmd does not fail for
>> +                        * device private entries.
>> +                        */
>> +                       folio_try_dup_anon_rmap_pmd(src_folio, &src_folio->page,
>> +                                                       dst_vma, src_vma);
>>                 }
>> +
>>                 add_mm_counter(dst_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
>>                 mm_inc_nr_ptes(dst_mm);
>>                 pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(dst_mm, dst_pmd, pgtable);
>> @@ -2211,15 +2239,16 @@ int zap_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>>                         folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
>>                         WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_mapcount(folio) < 0);
>>                         VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
>> -               } else if (thp_migration_supported()) {
>> +               } else if (is_pmd_non_present_folio_entry(orig_pmd)) {
>>                         swp_entry_t entry;
>>
>> -                       VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(orig_pmd));
>>                         entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(orig_pmd);
>>                         folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
>>                         flush_needed = 0;
>> -               } else
>> -                       WARN_ONCE(1, "Non present huge pmd without pmd migration enabled!");
>> +
>> +                       if (!thp_migration_supported())
>> +                               WARN_ONCE(1, "Non present huge pmd without pmd migration enabled!");
>> +               }
>>
>>                 if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
>>                         zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
>> @@ -2239,6 +2268,12 @@ int zap_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>>                                 folio_mark_accessed(folio);
>>                 }
>>
>> +               if (folio_is_device_private(folio)) {
>> +                       folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, &folio->page, vma);
>> +                       WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_mapcount(folio) < 0);
>> +                       folio_put(folio);
>> +               }
> 
> IIUC, a device-private THP is always anonymous, right? would it make sense
> to move this folio_is_device_private() block inside the folio_test_anon()
> check above?
> 
Yes, they are, there is discussion on file-backed mapping at
https://lwn.net/Articles/1016124/. I don't see a benefit from moving it, do you?

Balbir

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