linux-kernel - [PATCH] drm/panthor: Fix kernel panic on partial unmap of a GPU VA region

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Message-Id: <20251017102922.670084-1-akash.goel@arm.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2025 11:29:22 +0100
From: Akash Goel <akash.goel@....com>
To: boris.brezillon@...labora.com,
	liviu.dudau@....com,
	steven.price@....com
Cc: dri-devel@...ts.freedesktop.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	maarten.lankhorst@...ux.intel.com,
	mripard@...nel.org,
	tzimmermann@...e.de,
	airlied@...il.com,
	daniel@...ll.ch,
	nd@....com,
	Akash Goel <akash.goel@....com>
Subject: [PATCH] drm/panthor: Fix kernel panic on partial unmap of a GPU VA region

This commit address a kernel panic issue that can happen if Userspace
tries to partially unmap a GPU virtual region (aka drm_gpuva).
The VM_BIND interface allows partial unmapping of a BO.

Panthor driver pre-allocates memory for the new drm_gpuva structures
that would be needed for the map/unmap operation, done using drm_gpuvm
layer. It expected that only one new drm_gpuva would be needed on umap
but a partial unmap can require 2 new drm_gpuva and that's why it
ended up doing a NULL pointer dereference causing a kernel panic.

Following dump was seen when partial unmap was exercised.
 Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000078
 Mem abort info:
   ESR = 0x0000000096000046
   EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits
   SET = 0, FnV = 0
   EA = 0, S1PTW = 0
   FSC = 0x06: level 2 translation fault
 Data abort info:
   ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000046, ISS2 = 0x00000000
   CM = 0, WnR = 1, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0
   GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0
 user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=000000088a863000
 [000000000000078] pgd=080000088a842003, p4d=080000088a842003, pud=0800000884bf5003, pmd=0000000000000000
 Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000046 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
 <snip>
 pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
 pc : panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0xe4/0x330 [panthor]
 lr : panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0x6c/0x330 [panthor]
 sp : ffff800085d43970
 x29: ffff800085d43970 x28: ffff00080363e440 x27: ffff0008090c6000
 x26: 0000000000000030 x25: ffff800085d439f8 x24: ffff00080d402000
 x23: ffff800085d43b60 x22: ffff800085d439e0 x21: ffff00080abdb180
 x20: 0000000000000000 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000010
 x17: 6e656c202c303030 x16: 3666666666646466 x15: 393d61766f69202c
 x14: 312d3d7361203a70 x13: 303030323d6e656c x12: ffff80008324bf58
 x11: 0000000000000003 x10: 0000000000000002 x9 : ffff8000801a6a9c
 x8 : ffff00080360b300 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 000000088aa35fc7
 x5 : fff1000080000000 x4 : ffff8000842ddd30 x3 : 0000000000000001
 x2 : 0000000100000000 x1 : 0000000000000001 x0 : 0000000000000078
 Call trace:
  panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0xe4/0x330 [panthor]
  op_remap_cb.isra.22+0x50/0x80
  __drm_gpuvm_sm_unmap+0x10c/0x1c8
  drm_gpuvm_sm_unmap+0x40/0x60
  panthor_vm_exec_op+0xb4/0x3d0 [panthor]
  panthor_vm_bind_exec_sync_op+0x154/0x278 [panthor]
  panthor_ioctl_vm_bind+0x160/0x4a0 [panthor]
  drm_ioctl_kernel+0xbc/0x138
  drm_ioctl+0x240/0x500
  __arm64_sys_ioctl+0xb0/0xf8
  invoke_syscall+0x4c/0x110
  el0_svc_common.constprop.1+0x98/0xf8
  do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38
  el0_svc+0x40/0xf8
  el0t_64_sync_handler+0xa0/0xc8
  el0t_64_sync+0x174/0x178

Signed-off-by: Akash Goel <akash.goel@....com>
---
 drivers/gpu/drm/panthor/panthor_mmu.c | 10 +++++++---
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/panthor/panthor_mmu.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/panthor/panthor_mmu.c
index 6dec4354e378..7870e7dbaa5d 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/panthor/panthor_mmu.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/panthor/panthor_mmu.c
@@ -1175,10 +1175,14 @@ panthor_vm_op_ctx_prealloc_vmas(struct panthor_vm_op_ctx *op_ctx)
 		break;
 
 	case DRM_PANTHOR_VM_BIND_OP_TYPE_UNMAP:
-		/* Partial unmaps might trigger a remap with either a prev or a next VA,
-		 * but not both.
+		/* Two VMAs can be needed for an unmap, as an unmap can happen
+		 * in the middle of a drm_gpuva, requiring a remap with both
+		 * prev & next VA. Or an unmap can span more than one drm_gpuva
+		 * where the first and last ones are covered partially, requring
+		 * a remap for the first with a prev VA and remap for the last
+		 * with a next VA.
 		 */
-		vma_count = 1;
+		vma_count = 2;
 		break;
 
 	default:
-- 
2.25.1