linux-kernel - [PATCH 2/4] mm: khugepaged: remove mm when all memory has been collapsed

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Message-ID: <20251215090419.174418-3-yanglincheng@kylinos.cn>
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2025 17:04:17 +0800
From: Vernon Yang <vernon2gm@...il.com>
To: akpm@...ux-foundation.org,
	david@...nel.org,
	lorenzo.stoakes@...cle.com
Cc: ziy@...dia.com,
	npache@...hat.com,
	baohua@...nel.org,
	lance.yang@...ux.dev,
	linux-mm@...ck.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Vernon Yang <yanglincheng@...inos.cn>
Subject: [PATCH 2/4] mm: khugepaged: remove mm when all memory has been collapsed

The following data is traced by bpftrace on a desktop system. After
the system has been left idle for 10 minutes upon booting, a lot of
SCAN_PMD_MAPPED or SCAN_PMD_NONE are observed during a full scan by
khugepaged.

@scan_pmd_status[1]: 1           ## SCAN_SUCCEED
@scan_pmd_status[4]: 158         ## SCAN_PMD_MAPPED
@scan_pmd_status[3]: 174         ## SCAN_PMD_NONE
total progress size: 701 MB
Total time         : 440 seconds ## include khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs

The khugepaged_scan list save all task that support collapse into hugepage,
as long as the take is not destroyed, khugepaged will not remove it from
the khugepaged_scan list. This exist a phenomenon where task has already
collapsed all memory regions into hugepage, but khugepaged continues to
scan it, which wastes CPU time and invalid, and due to
khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs (default 10s) causes a long wait for
scanning a large number of invalid task, so scanning really valid task
is later.

After applying this patch, when all memory is either SCAN_PMD_MAPPED or
SCAN_PMD_NONE, the mm is automatically removed from khugepaged's scan
list. If the page fault or MADV_HUGEPAGE again, it is added back to
khugepaged.

Signed-off-by: Vernon Yang <yanglincheng@...inos.cn>
---
 mm/khugepaged.c | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
index 0598a19a98cc..1ec1af5be3c8 100644
--- a/mm/khugepaged.c
+++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ struct khugepaged_scan {
 	struct list_head mm_head;
 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
 	unsigned long address;
+	bool maybe_collapse;
 };
 
 static struct khugepaged_scan khugepaged_scan = {
@@ -1420,22 +1421,19 @@ static int hpage_collapse_scan_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm,
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void collect_mm_slot(struct mm_slot *slot)
+static void collect_mm_slot(struct mm_slot *slot, bool maybe_collapse)
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = slot->mm;
 
 	lockdep_assert_held(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
 
-	if (hpage_collapse_test_exit(mm)) {
+	if (hpage_collapse_test_exit(mm) || !maybe_collapse) {
 		/* free mm_slot */
 		hash_del(&slot->hash);
 		list_del(&slot->mm_node);
 
-		/*
-		 * Not strictly needed because the mm exited already.
-		 *
-		 * mm_flags_clear(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, mm);
-		 */
+		if (!maybe_collapse)
+			mm_flags_clear(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, mm);
 
 		/* khugepaged_mm_lock actually not necessary for the below */
 		mm_slot_free(mm_slot_cache, slot);
@@ -2397,6 +2395,7 @@ static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(unsigned int pages, int *result,
 				     struct mm_slot, mm_node);
 		khugepaged_scan.address = 0;
 		khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = slot;
+		khugepaged_scan.maybe_collapse = false;
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
 
@@ -2470,8 +2469,18 @@ static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(unsigned int pages, int *result,
 					khugepaged_scan.address, &mmap_locked, cc);
 			}
 
-			if (*result == SCAN_SUCCEED)
+			switch (*result) {
+			case SCAN_PMD_NULL:
+			case SCAN_PMD_NONE:
+			case SCAN_PMD_MAPPED:
+			case SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE:
+				break;
+			case SCAN_SUCCEED:
 				++khugepaged_pages_collapsed;
+				fallthrough;
+			default:
+				khugepaged_scan.maybe_collapse = true;
+			}
 
 			/* move to next address */
 			khugepaged_scan.address += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
@@ -2500,6 +2509,11 @@ static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(unsigned int pages, int *result,
 	 * if we scanned all vmas of this mm.
 	 */
 	if (hpage_collapse_test_exit(mm) || !vma) {
+		bool maybe_collapse = khugepaged_scan.maybe_collapse;
+
+		if (mm_flags_test(MMF_DISABLE_THP_COMPLETELY, mm))
+			maybe_collapse = true;
+
 		/*
 		 * Make sure that if mm_users is reaching zero while
 		 * khugepaged runs here, khugepaged_exit will find
@@ -2508,12 +2522,13 @@ static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(unsigned int pages, int *result,
 		if (!list_is_last(&slot->mm_node, &khugepaged_scan.mm_head)) {
 			khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = list_next_entry(slot, mm_node);
 			khugepaged_scan.address = 0;
+			khugepaged_scan.maybe_collapse = false;
 		} else {
 			khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = NULL;
 			khugepaged_full_scans++;
 		}
 
-		collect_mm_slot(slot);
+		collect_mm_slot(slot, maybe_collapse);
 	}
 
 	trace_mm_khugepaged_scan(mm, progress, khugepaged_scan.mm_slot == NULL);
@@ -2616,7 +2631,7 @@ static int khugepaged(void *none)
 	slot = khugepaged_scan.mm_slot;
 	khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = NULL;
 	if (slot)
-		collect_mm_slot(slot);
+		collect_mm_slot(slot, true);
 	spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
2.51.0