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Message-ID: <slb6zdewxva3echxmflciwv45lgvenc2d2loqqschv2sj7teb5@vkqydhbjhqlw>
Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2026 14:14:51 -0500
From: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@...cle.com>
To: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@...gle.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, maple-tree@...ts.infradead.org,
linux-mm@...ck.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>,
Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@...cle.com>,
Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>, Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.com>,
Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>, Pedro Falcato <pfalcato@...e.de>,
Charan Teja Kalla <quic_charante@...cinc.com>,
shikemeng@...weicloud.com, kasong@...cent.com, nphamcs@...il.com,
bhe@...hat.com, baohua@...nel.org, chrisl@...nel.org,
Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v1 4/9] mm/memory: Add tree limit to free_pgtables()
* Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@...gle.com> [250909 17:06]:
> On Tue, Sep 9, 2025 at 12:10 PM Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@...cle.com> wrote:
> >
> > The ceiling and tree search limit need to be different arguments for the
> > future change in the failed fork attempt.
> >
> > Add some documentation around free_pgtables() and the limits in an
> > attempt to clarify the floor and ceiling use as well as the new
> > tree_max.
> >
> > Test code also updated.
> >
> > No functional changes intended.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@...cle.com>
> > ---
> > mm/internal.h | 4 +++-
> > mm/memory.c | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++++---
> > mm/mmap.c | 2 +-
> > mm/vma.c | 3 ++-
> > tools/testing/vma/vma_internal.h | 3 ++-
> > 5 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/mm/internal.h b/mm/internal.h
> > index 63e3ec8d63be7..d295252407fee 100644
> > --- a/mm/internal.h
> > +++ b/mm/internal.h
> > @@ -444,7 +444,9 @@ void folio_activate(struct folio *folio);
> >
> > void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct ma_state *mas,
> > struct vm_area_struct *start_vma, unsigned long floor,
> > - unsigned long ceiling, bool mm_wr_locked);
> > + unsigned long ceiling, unsigned long tree_max,
> > + bool mm_wr_locked);
> > +
> > void pmd_install(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd, pgtable_t *pte);
> >
> > struct zap_details;
> > diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
> > index 3e0404bd57a02..24716b3713f66 100644
> > --- a/mm/memory.c
> > +++ b/mm/memory.c
> > @@ -369,12 +369,34 @@ void free_pgd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
> > } while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
> > }
> >
> > +/*
> > + * free_pgtables() - Free a range of page tables
> > + * @tlb: The mmu gather
> > + * @mas: The maple state
> > + * @vma: The first vma
> > + * @floor: The lowest page table address
> > + * @ceiling: The highest page table address
> > + * @tree_max: The highest tree search address
> > + * @mm_wr_locked: boolean indicating if the mm is write locked
> > + *
> > + * Note: Floor and ceiling are provided to indicate the absolute range of the
> > + * page tables that should be removed. This can differ from the vma mappings on
> > + * some archs that may have mappings that need to be removed outside the vmas.
> > + * Note that the prev->vm_end and next->vm_start are often used.
> > + *
> > + * The tree_max differs from the ceiling when a dup_mmap() failed and the tree
> > + * has unrelated data to the mm_struct being torn down.
> > + */
> > void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct ma_state *mas,
> > struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long floor,
> > - unsigned long ceiling, bool mm_wr_locked)
> > + unsigned long ceiling, unsigned long tree_max,
> > + bool mm_wr_locked)
> > {
> > struct unlink_vma_file_batch vb;
> >
> > + /* underflow can happen and is fine */
>
> This comment is a bit confusing... I think the below check covers 2 cases:
> 1. if ceiling == 0 then tree_max can be anything;
> 2. if ceiling > 0 then tree_max <= ceiling;
> Is that what you intended? If so, maybe amend the comments for the
> free_pgtables() function explaining this more explicitly?
I intended for ceiling to always be larger or equal to tree_max, after
underflow. That does hold true for what you wrote above.
>
> > + WARN_ON_ONCE(tree_max - 1 > ceiling - 1);
>
> I would prefer WARN_ON_ONCE(ceiling && tree_max > ceiling); as more
> descriptive but that might be just me.
Interesting. I wrote it this way to show that the underflow is possible
and since we use tree_max - 1 below, so I thought it more descriptive to
write it as is (and the comment says it's okay to underflow so don't
"fix" that issue).
>
> > +
> > tlb_free_vmas(tlb);
> >
> > do {
> > @@ -385,7 +407,7 @@ void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct ma_state *mas,
> > * Note: USER_PGTABLES_CEILING may be passed as ceiling and may
>
> You replaced ceiling with tree_max, so the above comment needs to be
> updated as well.
>
Yes, thanks.
> > * be 0. This will underflow and is okay.
> > */
> > - next = mas_find(mas, ceiling - 1);
> > + next = mas_find(mas, tree_max - 1);
> > if (unlikely(xa_is_zero(next)))
> > next = NULL;
> >
> > @@ -405,7 +427,7 @@ void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct ma_state *mas,
> > */
> > while (next && next->vm_start <= vma->vm_end + PMD_SIZE) {
> > vma = next;
> > - next = mas_find(mas, ceiling - 1);
> > + next = mas_find(mas, tree_max - 1);
> > if (unlikely(xa_is_zero(next)))
> > next = NULL;
> > if (mm_wr_locked)
> > diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
> > index a290448a53bb2..0f4808f135fe6 100644
> > --- a/mm/mmap.c
> > +++ b/mm/mmap.c
> > @@ -1311,7 +1311,7 @@ void exit_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm)
> > mt_clear_in_rcu(&mm->mm_mt);
> > vma_iter_set(&vmi, vma->vm_end);
> > free_pgtables(&tlb, &vmi.mas, vma, FIRST_USER_ADDRESS,
> > - USER_PGTABLES_CEILING, true);
> > + USER_PGTABLES_CEILING, USER_PGTABLES_CEILING, true);
> > tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
> >
> > /*
> > diff --git a/mm/vma.c b/mm/vma.c
> > index a648e0555c873..1bae142bbc0f1 100644
> > --- a/mm/vma.c
> > +++ b/mm/vma.c
> > @@ -486,6 +486,7 @@ void unmap_region(struct ma_state *mas, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> > /* mm_wr_locked = */ true);
> > mas_set(mas, vma->vm_end);
> > free_pgtables(&tlb, mas, vma, prev ? prev->vm_end : FIRST_USER_ADDRESS,
> > + next ? next->vm_start : USER_PGTABLES_CEILING,
> > next ? next->vm_start : USER_PGTABLES_CEILING,
> > /* mm_wr_locked = */ true);
> > tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
> > @@ -1232,7 +1233,7 @@ static inline void vms_clear_ptes(struct vma_munmap_struct *vms,
> > mas_set(mas_detach, 1);
> > /* start and end may be different if there is no prev or next vma. */
> > free_pgtables(&tlb, mas_detach, vms->vma, vms->unmap_start,
> > - vms->unmap_end, mm_wr_locked);
> > + vms->unmap_end, vms->unmap_end, mm_wr_locked);
> > tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
> > vms->clear_ptes = false;
> > }
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/vma/vma_internal.h b/tools/testing/vma/vma_internal.h
> > index 07167446dcf42..823d379e1fac2 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/vma/vma_internal.h
> > +++ b/tools/testing/vma/vma_internal.h
> > @@ -900,7 +900,8 @@ static inline void unmap_vmas(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct ma_state *mas,
> >
> > static inline void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct ma_state *mas,
> > struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long floor,
> > - unsigned long ceiling, bool mm_wr_locked)
> > + unsigned long ceiling, unsigned long tree_max,
> > + bool mm_wr_locked)
> > {
> > (void)tlb;
> > (void)mas;
> > --
> > 2.47.2
> >
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