Message-Id: <20260123085841.212468-5-jiangfeng@kylinos.cn>
Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2026 16:58:37 +0800
From: Feng Jiang <jiangfeng@...inos.cn>
To: pjw@...nel.org,
	palmer@...belt.com,
	aou@...s.berkeley.edu,
	alex@...ti.fr,
	akpm@...ux-foundation.org,
	kees@...nel.org,
	andy@...nel.org,
	jiangfeng@...inos.cn,
	ebiggers@...nel.org,
	martin.petersen@...cle.com,
	mingo@...nel.org,
	charlie@...osinc.com,
	conor.dooley@...rochip.com,
	samuel.holland@...ive.com,
	linus.walleij@...aro.org,
	nathan@...nel.org
Cc: linux-riscv@...ts.infradead.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-hardening@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH v4 4/8] lib/string_kunit: add performance benchmark for strlen()

Introduce a benchmarking framework to the string_kunit test suite to
measure the execution efficiency of string functions.

The implementation is inspired by crc_benchmark(), measuring throughput
(MB/s) and latency (ns/call) across a range of string lengths. It
includes a warm-up phase, disables preemption during measurement, and
uses a fixed seed for reproducible results.

This framework allows for comparing different implementations (e.g.,
generic C vs. architecture-optimized assembly) within the KUnit
environment.

Initially, provide a benchmark for strlen().

Suggested-by: Andy Shevchenko <andy@...nel.org>
Suggested-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@...nel.org>
Signed-off-by: Feng Jiang <jiangfeng@...inos.cn>
---
 lib/Kconfig.debug        |  11 +++
 lib/tests/string_kunit.c | 158 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 169 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.debug b/lib/Kconfig.debug
index ba36939fda79..21b058ae815f 100644
--- a/lib/Kconfig.debug
+++ b/lib/Kconfig.debug
@@ -2475,6 +2475,17 @@ config STRING_HELPERS_KUNIT_TEST
 	depends on KUNIT
 	default KUNIT_ALL_TESTS
 
+config STRING_KUNIT_BENCH
+       bool "Benchmark string functions at runtime"
+       depends on STRING_KUNIT_TEST
+       help
+         Enable performance measurement for string functions.
+
+         This measures the execution efficiency of string functions
+         during the KUnit test run.
+
+         If unsure, say N.
+
 config FFS_KUNIT_TEST
 	tristate "KUnit test ffs-family functions at runtime" if !KUNIT_ALL_TESTS
 	depends on KUNIT
diff --git a/lib/tests/string_kunit.c b/lib/tests/string_kunit.c
index 7f1e2bf6a352..52798f426aa9 100644
--- a/lib/tests/string_kunit.c
+++ b/lib/tests/string_kunit.c
@@ -6,10 +6,13 @@
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <kunit/test.h>
+#include <linux/math64.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/prandom.h>
 #include <linux/printk.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/units.h>
 
 #define STRCMP_LARGE_BUF_LEN 2048
 #define STRCMP_CHANGE_POINT 1337
@@ -20,6 +23,9 @@
 #define STRING_TEST_MAX_LEN	128
 #define STRING_TEST_MAX_OFFSET	16
 
+#define STRING_BENCH_SEED	888
+#define STRING_BENCH_WORKLOAD	(1 * MEGA)
+
 static void string_test_memset16(struct kunit *test)
 {
 	unsigned i, j, k;
@@ -700,6 +706,157 @@ static void string_test_strends(struct kunit *test)
 	KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, strends("", ""));
 }
 
+/* Target string lengths for benchmarking */
+static const size_t bench_lens[] = {
+	0, 1, 7, 8, 16, 31, 64, 127, 512, 1024, 3173, 4096,
+};
+
+/**
+ * alloc_max_bench_buffer() - Allocate buffer for the max test case.
+ * @test: KUnit context for managed allocation.
+ * @lens: Array of lengths used in the benchmark cases.
+ * @count: Number of elements in the @lens array.
+ * @buf_len: [out] Pointer to store the actually allocated buffer
+ * size (including NUL character).
+ *
+ * Return: Pointer to the allocated memory, or NULL on failure.
+ */
+static void *alloc_max_bench_buffer(struct kunit *test,
+		const size_t *lens, size_t count, size_t *buf_len)
+{
+	size_t i, max_len = 0;
+	void *buf;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		if (max_len < lens[i])
+			max_len = lens[i];
+	}
+
+	/* Add space for NUL character */
+	max_len += 1;
+
+	buf = kunit_kzalloc(test, max_len, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (buf_len)
+		*buf_len = max_len;
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+/**
+ * fill_random_string() - Populate a buffer with a random NUL-terminated string.
+ * @buf: Buffer to fill.
+ * @len: Length of the buffer in bytes.
+ *
+ * Fills the buffer with random non-NUL bytes and ensures the string is
+ * properly NUL-terminated.
+ */
+static void fill_random_string(char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	struct rnd_state state;
+	size_t i;
+
+	if (!buf || !len)
+		return;
+
+	/* Use a fixed seed to ensure deterministic benchmark results */
+	prandom_seed_state(&state, STRING_BENCH_SEED);
+	prandom_bytes_state(&state, buf, len);
+
+	/* Replace NUL characters to avoid early string termination */
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (buf[i] == '\0')
+			buf[i] = 0x01;
+	}
+
+	buf[len - 1] = '\0';
+}
+
+/**
+ * STRING_BENCH() - Benchmark string functions.
+ * @iters: Number of iterations to run.
+ * @func: Function to benchmark.
+ * @...: Variable arguments passed to @func.
+ *
+ * Disables preemption and measures the total time in nanoseconds to execute
+ * @func(@__VA_ARGS__) for @iters times, including a small warm-up phase.
+ *
+ * Context: Disables preemption during measurement.
+ * Return: Total execution time in nanoseconds (u64).
+ */
+#define STRING_BENCH(iters, func, ...)					\
+({									\
+	/* Volatile function pointer prevents dead code elimination */	\
+	typeof(func) (* volatile __func) = (func);			\
+	size_t __bn_iters = (iters);					\
+	size_t __bn_warm_iters;						\
+	size_t __bn_i;							\
+	u64 __bn_t;							\
+									\
+	__bn_warm_iters = max(__bn_iters / 10, 50U);			\
+									\
+	for (__bn_i = 0; __bn_i < __bn_warm_iters; __bn_i++)		\
+		(void)__func(__VA_ARGS__);				\
+									\
+	preempt_disable();						\
+	__bn_t = ktime_get_ns();					\
+	for (__bn_i = 0; __bn_i < __bn_iters; __bn_i++)			\
+		(void)__func(__VA_ARGS__);				\
+	__bn_t = ktime_get_ns() - __bn_t;				\
+	preempt_enable();						\
+	__bn_t;								\
+})
+
+/**
+ * STRING_BENCH_BUF() - Benchmark harness for single-buffer functions.
+ * @test: KUnit context.
+ * @buf_name: Local char * variable name to be defined.
+ * @buf_size: Local size_t variable name to be defined.
+ * @func: Function to benchmark.
+ * @...: Extra arguments for @func.
+ *
+ * Prepares a randomized, NUL-terminated buffer and iterates through lengths
+ * in bench_lens, defining @buf_name and @buf_size in each loop.
+ */
+#define STRING_BENCH_BUF(test, buf_name, buf_size, func, ...)		\
+do {									\
+	size_t buf_size, _bn_i, _bn_iters, _bn_size = 0;		\
+	u64 _bn_t, _bn_mbps = 0, _bn_lat = 0;				\
+	char *buf_name, *_bn_buf;					\
+									\
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRING_KUNIT_BENCH))			\
+		kunit_skip(test, "not enabled");			\
+									\
+	_bn_buf = alloc_max_bench_buffer(test, bench_lens,		\
+			ARRAY_SIZE(bench_lens), &_bn_size);		\
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, _bn_buf);			\
+									\
+	fill_random_string(_bn_buf, _bn_size);				\
+									\
+	for (_bn_i = 0; _bn_i < ARRAY_SIZE(bench_lens); _bn_i++) {	\
+		buf_size = bench_lens[_bn_i];				\
+		buf_name = _bn_buf + _bn_size - buf_size - 1;		\
+		_bn_iters = STRING_BENCH_WORKLOAD / max(buf_size, 1U);	\
+									\
+		_bn_t = STRING_BENCH(_bn_iters, func, ##__VA_ARGS__);	\
+									\
+		if (_bn_t > 0) {					\
+			_bn_mbps = (u64)(buf_size) * _bn_iters * 1000;	\
+			_bn_mbps = div64_u64(_bn_mbps, _bn_t);		\
+			_bn_lat = div64_u64(_bn_t, _bn_iters);		\
+		}							\
+		kunit_info(test, "len=%zu: %llu MB/s (%llu ns/call)\n",	\
+				buf_size, _bn_mbps, _bn_lat);		\
+	}								\
+} while (0)
+
+static void string_bench_strlen(struct kunit *test)
+{
+	STRING_BENCH_BUF(test, buf, len, strlen, buf);
+}
+
 static struct kunit_case string_test_cases[] = {
 	KUNIT_CASE(string_test_memset16),
 	KUNIT_CASE(string_test_memset32),
@@ -725,6 +882,7 @@ static struct kunit_case string_test_cases[] = {
 	KUNIT_CASE(string_test_strtomem),
 	KUNIT_CASE(string_test_memtostr),
 	KUNIT_CASE(string_test_strends),
+	KUNIT_CASE(string_bench_strlen),
 	{}
 };
 
-- 
2.25.1

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