linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v2] mm: khugepaged: fix NR_FILE_PAGES and NR_SHMEM in collapse

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Message-ID: <98256ecd-2b1f-42e9-9569-445909a1d223@linux.alibaba.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 13:47:00 +0800
From: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>
To: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@...ux.dev>,
 Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>, Rik van Riel <riel@...riel.com>,
 Song Liu <songliubraving@...com>, Kiryl Shutsemau <kas@...nel.org>,
 Usama Arif <usamaarif642@...il.com>, David Hildenbrand <david@...nel.org>,
 Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@...cle.com>, Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>,
 "Liam R . Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@...cle.com>, Nico Pache
 <npache@...hat.com>, Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com>,
 Dev Jain <dev.jain@....com>, Barry Song <baohua@...nel.org>,
 Lance Yang <lance.yang@...ux.dev>, Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
 Meta kernel team <kernel-team@...a.com>, linux-mm@...ck.org,
 cgroups@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] mm: khugepaged: fix NR_FILE_PAGES and NR_SHMEM in
 collapse_file()

On 1/30/26 12:29 PM, Shakeel Butt wrote:
> In META's fleet, we observed high-level cgroups showing zero file memcg
> stats while their descendants had non-zero values. Investigation using
> drgn revealed that these parent cgroups actually had negative file stats,
> aggregated from their children.
> 
> This issue became more frequent after deploying thp-always more widely,
> pointing to a correlation with THP file collapsing. The root cause is
> that collapse_file() assumes old folios and the new THP belong to the
> same node and memcg. When this assumption breaks, stats become skewed.
> The bug affects not just memcg stats but also per-numa stats, and not
> just NR_FILE_PAGES but also NR_SHMEM.
> 
> The assumption breaks in scenarios such as:
> 
> 1. Small folios allocated on one node while the THP gets allocated on a
>     different node.
> 
> 2. A package downloader running in one cgroup populates the page cache,
>     while a job in a different cgroup executes the downloaded binary.
> 
> 3. A file shared between processes in different cgroups, where one
>     process faults in the pages and khugepaged (or madvise(COLLAPSE))
>     collapses them on behalf of the other.
> 
> Fix the accounting by explicitly incrementing stats for the new THP and
> decrementing stats for the old folios being replaced.
> 
> Fixes: f3f0e1d2150b ("khugepaged: add support of collapse for tmpfs/shmem pages")
> Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@...ux.dev>
> ---

Thanks for the fix. LGTM.
Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>