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Message-Id: <d2d2685a1eb411907f21d908d8acb001323e6821.1770760558.git.tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2026 14:18:47 -0800
From: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@...ux.intel.com>
To: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@....com>,
"Gautham R . Shenoy" <gautham.shenoy@....com>,
Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@...ux.intel.com>,
Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@...hat.com>,
Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@....com>,
Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
Ben Segall <bsegall@...gle.com>,
Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>,
Valentin Schneider <vschneid@...hat.com>,
Madadi Vineeth Reddy <vineethr@...ux.ibm.com>,
Hillf Danton <hdanton@...a.com>,
Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@...ux.ibm.com>,
Jianyong Wu <jianyong.wu@...look.com>,
Yangyu Chen <cyy@...self.name>,
Tingyin Duan <tingyin.duan@...il.com>,
Vern Hao <vernhao@...cent.com>,
Vern Hao <haoxing990@...il.com>,
Len Brown <len.brown@...el.com>,
Aubrey Li <aubrey.li@...el.com>,
Zhao Liu <zhao1.liu@...el.com>,
Chen Yu <yu.chen.surf@...il.com>,
Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@...el.com>,
Adam Li <adamli@...amperecomputing.com>,
Aaron Lu <ziqianlu@...edance.com>,
Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@...el.com>,
Josh Don <joshdon@...gle.com>,
Gavin Guo <gavinguo@...lia.com>,
Qais Yousef <qyousef@...alina.io>,
Libo Chen <libchen@...estorage.com>,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH v3 07/21] sched/cache: Introduce per CPU's tasks LLC preference counter
The lowest level of sched domain for each CPU is assigned an
array where each element tracks the number of tasks preferring
a given LLC, indexed from 0 to max_llcs - 1. Since each CPU
has its dedicated sd, this implies that each CPU will have
a dedicated task LLC preference counter.
For example, sd->pf[3] = 2 signifies that there
are 2 tasks on this runqueue which prefer to run within LLC3.
The load balancer can use this information to identify busy
runqueues and migrate tasks to their preferred LLC domains.
This array will be reallocated at runtime during sched domain
rebuild.
Introduce the buffer allocation mechanism, and the statistics
will be calculated in the subsequent patch.
Note: the LLC preference statistics of each CPU are reset on
sched domain rebuild and may under count temporarily, until the
CPU becomes idle and the count is cleared. This is a trade off
to avoid complex data synchronization across sched domain builds.
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@...radead.org>
Suggested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@....com>
Co-developed-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@...el.com>
Signed-off-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@...el.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@...ux.intel.com>
---
Notes:
v2->v3:
Allocate preferred LLC buffer in rq->sd rather than
the rq. That way it automagically gets reallocated
and old buffer gets recycled during sched domain rebuild.
(Peter Zijlstra)
include/linux/sched/topology.h | 4 +++
kernel/sched/sched.h | 2 ++
kernel/sched/topology.c | 64 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
3 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/sched/topology.h b/include/linux/sched/topology.h
index a4e2fb31f2fd..3aa6c101b2e4 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched/topology.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched/topology.h
@@ -102,6 +102,10 @@ struct sched_domain {
u64 max_newidle_lb_cost;
unsigned long last_decay_max_lb_cost;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CACHE
+ unsigned int *pf;
+#endif
+
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
/* sched_balance_rq() stats */
unsigned int lb_count[CPU_MAX_IDLE_TYPES];
diff --git a/kernel/sched/sched.h b/kernel/sched/sched.h
index 35cea6aa32a4..ac8c7ac1ac0d 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/sched.h
+++ b/kernel/sched/sched.h
@@ -3903,6 +3903,8 @@ static inline void mm_cid_switch_to(struct task_struct *prev, struct task_struct
#endif /* !CONFIG_SCHED_MM_CID */
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CACHE
+extern int max_llcs;
+
static inline bool sched_cache_enabled(void)
{
return false;
diff --git a/kernel/sched/topology.c b/kernel/sched/topology.c
index ca46b5cf7f78..dae78b5915a7 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/topology.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/topology.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ void sched_domains_mutex_unlock(void)
static cpumask_var_t sched_domains_tmpmask;
static cpumask_var_t sched_domains_tmpmask2;
static int tl_max_llcs;
+int max_llcs;
static int __init sched_debug_setup(char *str)
{
@@ -628,6 +629,11 @@ static void destroy_sched_domain(struct sched_domain *sd)
if (sd->shared && atomic_dec_and_test(&sd->shared->ref))
kfree(sd->shared);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CACHE
+ /* only the bottom sd has pref_llc array */
+ kfree(sd->pf);
+#endif
kfree(sd);
}
@@ -747,10 +753,15 @@ cpu_attach_domain(struct sched_domain *sd, struct root_domain *rd, int cpu)
if (sd && sd_degenerate(sd)) {
tmp = sd;
sd = sd->parent;
- destroy_sched_domain(tmp);
+
if (sd) {
struct sched_group *sg = sd->groups;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CACHE
+ /* move pf to parent as child is being destroyed */
+ sd->pf = tmp->pf;
+ tmp->pf = NULL;
+#endif
/*
* sched groups hold the flags of the child sched
* domain for convenience. Clear such flags since
@@ -762,6 +773,8 @@ cpu_attach_domain(struct sched_domain *sd, struct root_domain *rd, int cpu)
sd->child = NULL;
}
+
+ destroy_sched_domain(tmp);
}
sched_domain_debug(sd, cpu);
@@ -787,6 +800,46 @@ enum s_alloc {
sa_none,
};
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CACHE
+static bool alloc_sd_pref(const struct cpumask *cpu_map,
+ struct s_data *d)
+{
+ struct sched_domain *sd;
+ unsigned int *pf;
+ int i;
+
+ for_each_cpu(i, cpu_map) {
+ sd = *per_cpu_ptr(d->sd, i);
+ if (!sd)
+ goto err;
+
+ pf = kcalloc(tl_max_llcs, sizeof(unsigned int), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!pf)
+ goto err;
+
+ sd->pf = pf;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+err:
+ for_each_cpu(i, cpu_map) {
+ sd = *per_cpu_ptr(d->sd, i);
+ if (sd) {
+ kfree(sd->pf);
+ sd->pf = NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+#else
+static bool alloc_sd_pref(const struct cpumask *cpu_map,
+ struct s_data *d)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+#endif
+
/*
* Return the canonical balance CPU for this group, this is the first CPU
* of this group that's also in the balance mask.
@@ -2710,6 +2763,8 @@ build_sched_domains(const struct cpumask *cpu_map, struct sched_domain_attr *att
}
}
+ alloc_sd_pref(cpu_map, &d);
+
/* Attach the domains */
rcu_read_lock();
for_each_cpu(i, cpu_map) {
@@ -2723,6 +2778,13 @@ build_sched_domains(const struct cpumask *cpu_map, struct sched_domain_attr *att
}
rcu_read_unlock();
+ /*
+ * Ensure we see enlarged sd->pf when we use new llc_ids and
+ * bigger max_llcs.
+ */
+ smp_mb();
+ max_llcs = tl_max_llcs;
+
if (has_asym)
static_branch_inc_cpuslocked(&sched_asym_cpucapacity);
--
2.32.0
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