netdev - Re: [PATCH] lib/checksum.c: fix carry in csum_tcpudp

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Date:	Tue, 27 Jan 2015 15:56:53 -0800
From:	Alexei Starovoitov <alexei.starovoitov@...il.com>
To:	Karl Beldan <karl.beldan@...il.com>
Cc:	Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
	Karl Beldan <karl.beldan@...ierawaves.com>,
	Mike Frysinger <vapier@...too.org>,
	Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>,
	"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Stable <stable@...r.kernel.org>,
	"netdev@...r.kernel.org" <netdev@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] lib/checksum.c: fix carry in csum_tcpudp_nofold

On Tue, Jan 27, 2015 at 3:13 PM, Karl Beldan <karl.beldan@...il.com> wrote:
> On Tue, Jan 27, 2015 at 10:03:32PM +0000, Al Viro wrote:
>> On Tue, Jan 27, 2015 at 04:25:16PM +0100, Karl Beldan wrote:
>> > The carry from the 64->32bits folding was dropped, e.g with:
>> > saddr=0xFFFFFFFF daddr=0xFF0000FF len=0xFFFF proto=0 sum=1
>> >
>> > Signed-off-by: Karl Beldan <karl.beldan@...ierawaves.com>
>> > Cc: Mike Frysinger <vapier@...too.org>
>> > Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>
>> > Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
>> > Cc: Stable <stable@...r.kernel.org>
>> > ---
>> >  lib/checksum.c | 4 ++--
>> >  1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>> >
>> > diff --git a/lib/checksum.c b/lib/checksum.c
>> > index 129775e..4b5adf2 100644
>> > --- a/lib/checksum.c
>> > +++ b/lib/checksum.c
>> > @@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ __wsum csum_tcpudp_nofold(__be32 saddr, __be32 daddr,
>> >  #else
>> >     s += (proto + len) << 8;
>> >  #endif
>> > -   s += (s >> 32);
>> > -   return (__force __wsum)s;
>> > +   s += (s << 32) + (s >> 32);
>> > +   return (__force __wsum)(s >> 32);
>>
>> Umm...  I _think_ it's correct, but it needs a better commit message.  AFAICS,
>> what we have is that s is guaranteed to be (a << 32) + b, with a being small.
>> What we want is something congruent to a + b modulo 0xffff.  And yes, in case
>> when a + b >= 2^32, the original variant fails - it yields a + b - 2^32, which
>> is one less than what's needed.  New one results first in
>> (a + b)(2^32+1)mod 2^64, then that divided by 2^32.  If a + b <= 2^32 - 1,
>> the first product is less than 2^64 and dividing it by 2^32 yields a + b.
>> If a + b = 2^32 + c, c is guaranteed to be small and we first get
>> 2^32 * c + 2^32 + 1, then c + 1, i.e. a + b - 0xffffffff, i.e.
>> a + b - 0x10001 * 0xffff, so the congruence holds in all cases.
>>
>> IOW, I think the fix is correct, but it really needs analysis in the commit
>> message.
>
> My take on this was "somewhat" simpler:
>
> s = a31..0b31..b0 = a << 32 + b, as you put it
>
> Here however I don't assume that a is "small", however I assume it has
> never overflowed, which is trivial to verify since we only add 3 32bits
> values and 2 16 bits values to a 64bits.
> Now we just want (a + b + carry(a + b)) % 2^32, and here I assume
> (a + b + carry(a + b)) % 2^32 == (a + b) % 2^32 + carry(a + b), I
> guess this is the trick, and this is easy to convince oneself with:
> 0xffffffff + 0xffffffff == 0x1fffffffe ==>
> ((u32)-1 + (u32)-1 + 1) % 2^32 == 0xfffffffe % 2^32 + 1
> We get this carry pushed out from the MSbs side by the s+= addition
> pushed back in to the LSbs side of the upper 32bits and this carry
> doesn't make the upper side overflow.
>
> If this explanation is acceptable, I can reword the commit message with
> it. Sorry if my initial commit log lacked details, and thanks for your
> detailed input.

please cc: netdev next time as well.
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