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Date: Mon, 21 May 2018 14:47:31 -0700
From: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@...com>
To: Yonghong Song <yhs@...com>
CC: <netdev@...r.kernel.org>, Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...com>,
Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>, <kernel-team@...com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH bpf-next 2/7] bpf: btf: Change how section is supported
in btf_header
On Mon, May 21, 2018 at 01:15:24PM -0700, Yonghong Song wrote:
>
>
> On 5/18/18 5:16 PM, Martin KaFai Lau wrote:
> > There are currently unused section descriptions in the btf_header. Those
> > sections are here to support future BTF use cases. For example, the
> > func section (func_off) is to support function signature (e.g. the BPF
> > prog function signature).
> >
> > Instead of spelling out all potential sections up-front in the btf_header.
> > This patch makes changes to btf_header such that extending it (e.g. adding
> > a section) is possible later. The unused ones can be removed for now and
> > they can be added back later.
> >
> > This patch:
> > 1. adds a hdr_len to the btf_header. It will allow adding
> > sections (and other info like parent_label and parent_name)
> > later. The check is similar to the existing bpf_attr.
> > If a user passes in a longer hdr_len, the kernel
> > ensures the extra tailing bytes are 0.
> >
> > 2. allows the section order in the BTF object to be
> > different from its sec_off order in btf_header.
> >
> > 3. each sec_off is followed by a sec_len. It must not have gap or
> > overlapping among sections.
> >
> > The string section is ensured to be at the end due to the 4 bytes
> > alignment requirement of the type section.
> >
> > The above changes will allow enough flexibility to
> > add new sections (and other info) to the btf_header later.
> >
> > This patch also removes an unnecessary !err check
> > at the end of btf_parse().
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@...com>
> > ---
> > include/uapi/linux/btf.h | 8 +-
> > kernel/bpf/btf.c | 207 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
> > 2 files changed, 158 insertions(+), 57 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/btf.h b/include/uapi/linux/btf.h
> > index bcb56ee47014..4fa479741a02 100644
> > --- a/include/uapi/linux/btf.h
> > +++ b/include/uapi/linux/btf.h
> > @@ -12,15 +12,11 @@ struct btf_header {
> > __u16 magic;
> > __u8 version;
> > __u8 flags;
> > -
> > - __u32 parent_label;
> > - __u32 parent_name;
> > + __u32 hdr_len;
> > /* All offsets are in bytes relative to the end of this header */
> > - __u32 label_off; /* offset of label section */
> > - __u32 object_off; /* offset of data object section*/
> > - __u32 func_off; /* offset of function section */
> > __u32 type_off; /* offset of type section */
> > + __u32 type_len; /* length of type section */
> > __u32 str_off; /* offset of string section */
> > __u32 str_len; /* length of string section */
> > };
> > diff --git a/kernel/bpf/btf.c b/kernel/bpf/btf.c
> > index ded10ab47b8a..536e5981ad8c 100644
> > --- a/kernel/bpf/btf.c
> > +++ b/kernel/bpf/btf.c
> > @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
> > #include <linux/uaccess.h>
> > #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > #include <linux/idr.h>
> > +#include <linux/sort.h>
> > #include <linux/bpf_verifier.h>
> > #include <linux/btf.h>
> > @@ -184,15 +185,13 @@ static DEFINE_IDR(btf_idr);
> > static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(btf_idr_lock);
> > struct btf {
> > - union {
> > - struct btf_header *hdr;
> > - void *data;
> > - };
> > + void *data;
> > struct btf_type **types;
> > u32 *resolved_ids;
> > u32 *resolved_sizes;
> > const char *strings;
> > void *nohdr_data;
> > + struct btf_header hdr;
> > u32 nr_types;
> > u32 types_size;
> > u32 data_size;
> > @@ -227,6 +226,12 @@ enum resolve_mode {
> > };
> > #define MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH 32
> > +#define NR_SECS 2
>
> Not sure whether it is necessary to define NR_SECS 2 here or not.
> See below.
>
> > +
> > +struct btf_sec_info {
> > + u32 off;
> > + u32 len;
> > +};
> > struct btf_verifier_env {
> > struct btf *btf;
> > @@ -418,14 +423,14 @@ static const struct btf_kind_operations *btf_type_ops(const struct btf_type *t)
> > static bool btf_name_offset_valid(const struct btf *btf, u32 offset)
> > {
> > return !BTF_STR_TBL_ELF_ID(offset) &&
> > - BTF_STR_OFFSET(offset) < btf->hdr->str_len;
> > + BTF_STR_OFFSET(offset) < btf->hdr.str_len;
> > }
> > static const char *btf_name_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, u32 offset)
> > {
> > if (!BTF_STR_OFFSET(offset))
> > return "(anon)";
> > - else if (BTF_STR_OFFSET(offset) < btf->hdr->str_len)
> > + else if (BTF_STR_OFFSET(offset) < btf->hdr.str_len)
> > return &btf->strings[BTF_STR_OFFSET(offset)];
> > else
> > return "(invalid-name-offset)";
> > @@ -536,7 +541,8 @@ static void btf_verifier_log_member(struct btf_verifier_env *env,
> > __btf_verifier_log(log, "\n");
> > }
> > -static void btf_verifier_log_hdr(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > +static void btf_verifier_log_hdr(struct btf_verifier_env *env,
> > + u32 btf_data_size)
> > {
> > struct bpf_verifier_log *log = &env->log;
> > const struct btf *btf = env->btf;
> > @@ -545,19 +551,16 @@ static void btf_verifier_log_hdr(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > if (!bpf_verifier_log_needed(log))
> > return;
> > - hdr = btf->hdr;
> > + hdr = &btf->hdr;
> > __btf_verifier_log(log, "magic: 0x%x\n", hdr->magic);
> > __btf_verifier_log(log, "version: %u\n", hdr->version);
> > __btf_verifier_log(log, "flags: 0x%x\n", hdr->flags);
> > - __btf_verifier_log(log, "parent_label: %u\n", hdr->parent_label);
> > - __btf_verifier_log(log, "parent_name: %u\n", hdr->parent_name);
> > - __btf_verifier_log(log, "label_off: %u\n", hdr->label_off);
> > - __btf_verifier_log(log, "object_off: %u\n", hdr->object_off);
> > - __btf_verifier_log(log, "func_off: %u\n", hdr->func_off);
> > + __btf_verifier_log(log, "hdr_len: %u\n", hdr->hdr_len);
> > __btf_verifier_log(log, "type_off: %u\n", hdr->type_off);
> > + __btf_verifier_log(log, "type_len: %u\n", hdr->type_len);
> > __btf_verifier_log(log, "str_off: %u\n", hdr->str_off);
> > __btf_verifier_log(log, "str_len: %u\n", hdr->str_len);
> > - __btf_verifier_log(log, "btf_total_size: %u\n", btf->data_size);
> > + __btf_verifier_log(log, "btf_total_size: %u\n", btf_data_size);
> > }
> > static int btf_add_type(struct btf_verifier_env *env, struct btf_type *t)
> > @@ -1754,9 +1757,9 @@ static int btf_check_all_metas(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > struct btf_header *hdr;
> > void *cur, *end;
> > - hdr = btf->hdr;
> > + hdr = &btf->hdr;
> > cur = btf->nohdr_data + hdr->type_off;
> > - end = btf->nohdr_data + hdr->str_off;
> > + end = btf->nohdr_data + hdr->type_len;
> > env->log_type_id = 1;
> > while (cur < end) {
> > @@ -1866,8 +1869,20 @@ static int btf_check_all_types(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > static int btf_parse_type_sec(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > {
> > + const struct btf_header *hdr = &env->btf->hdr;
> > int err;
> > + /* Type section must align to 4 bytes */
> > + if (hdr->type_off & (sizeof(u32) - 1)) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "Unaligned type_off");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > +
> > + if (!hdr->type_len) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "No type found");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > +
> > err = btf_check_all_metas(env);
> > if (err)
> > return err;
> > @@ -1881,10 +1896,15 @@ static int btf_parse_str_sec(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > struct btf *btf = env->btf;
> > const char *start, *end;
> > - hdr = btf->hdr;
> > + hdr = &btf->hdr;
> > start = btf->nohdr_data + hdr->str_off;
> > end = start + hdr->str_len;
> > + if (end != btf->data + btf->data_size) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "String section is not at the end");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > +
> > if (!hdr->str_len || hdr->str_len - 1 > BTF_MAX_NAME_OFFSET ||
> > start[0] || end[-1]) {
> > btf_verifier_log(env, "Invalid string section");
> > @@ -1896,20 +1916,119 @@ static int btf_parse_str_sec(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > return 0;
> > }
> > -static int btf_parse_hdr(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > +static const size_t btf_sec_info_offset[] = {
> > + offsetof(struct btf_header, type_off),
> > + offsetof(struct btf_header, str_off),
> > +};
>
> Maybe we can define NR_SECS is
> ARRAY_SIZE(btf_sec_info_offset)/sizeof(size_t)?
>
> > +
> > +static int btf_sec_info_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
> > {
> > + const struct btf_sec_info *x = a;
> > + const struct btf_sec_info *y = b;
> > +
> > + return (int)(x->off - y->off) ? : (int)(x->len - y->len);
> > +}
> > +
> > +static int btf_check_sec_info(struct btf_verifier_env *env,
> > + u32 btf_data_size)
> > +{
> > + struct btf_sec_info secs[NR_SECS];
> > + u32 total, expected_total, i;
> > const struct btf_header *hdr;
> > - struct btf *btf = env->btf;
> > - u32 meta_left;
> > + const struct btf *btf;
> > +
> > + BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(btf_sec_info_offset) != NR_SECS);
>
> If we define NR_SECS depending on the size of btf_sec_info_offset, this
> BUILD_BUG_ON is not needed.
Agree, BUILD_BUG_ON() can be avoided. Will change.
>
> > +
> > + btf = env->btf;
> > + hdr = &btf->hdr;
> > +
> > + /* Populate the secs from hdr */
> > + for (i = 0; i < NR_SECS; i++)
> > + secs[i] = *(struct btf_sec_info *)((void *)hdr +
> > + btf_sec_info_offset[i]);
> > +
> > + sort(secs, NR_SECS, sizeof(struct btf_sec_info),
> > + btf_sec_info_cmp, NULL);
> > +
> > + /* Check for gaps and overlap among sections */
> > + total = 0;
> > + expected_total = btf_data_size - hdr->hdr_len;
> > + for (i = 0; i < NR_SECS; i++) {
> > + if (expected_total < secs[i].off) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "Invalid section offset");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > + if (total < secs[i].off) {
> > + /* gap */
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "Unsupported section found");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > + if (total > secs[i].off) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "Section overlap found");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > + if (expected_total - total < secs[i].len) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env,
> > + "Total section length too long");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > + total += secs[i].len;
> > + }
> > +
> > + /* There is data other than hdr and known sections */
> > + if (expected_total != total) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "Unsupported section found");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
>
> Does this patch try to address compatibility issue? That is, the old btf
> format with 2 sections should still work with future kernel with more
> than 2 sections? The above comparision seems suggesting that newer kernel
> will not support non-compatible number of sections?
Yes, it should. When an older btf passed in, the newer sec_off
and sec_len in btf->hdr will be zeros. They will still pass the
for loop.
>
> > +
> > + return 0;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static int btf_parse_hdr(struct btf_verifier_env *env, void __user *btf_data,
> > + u32 btf_data_size)
> > +{
> > + const struct btf_header *hdr;
> > + u32 hdr_len, hdr_copy;
> > + struct btf_min_header {
> > + u16 magic;
> > + u8 version;
> > + u8 flags;
> > + u32 hdr_len;
> > + } __user *min_hdr;
>
> This is the partial structure with the first four fields
> for struct btf_header.
> It is okay, but I feel a little bit duplication here.
>
> Looks like only sizeof(*min_hdr) and min_hdr->hdr_len is used.
> Maybe we can just cast bpf_data to bpf_header and
> sizeof(*min_hdr) being offsetof(bpf_data, type_off), and
> min_hdr->hdr_len being bpf_data->hdr_len.
>
> Do this work?
offsetof() was what I had. I found a few lines of offsetof() become
so long that is actually hard to read. Also, I think spelling out the
'btf_min_header' name here is helpful, so I did not leave it as
anon struct.
Agree that there is duplication but it will never be changed once we
release it to uapi. I can make some comments here instead.
>
> > + struct btf *btf;
> > + int err;
> > +
> > + btf = env->btf;
> > + min_hdr = btf_data;
> > +
> > + if (btf_data_size < sizeof(*min_hdr)) {
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "hdr_len not found");
> > + return -EINVAL;
> > + }
> > - if (btf->data_size < sizeof(*hdr)) {
> > + if (get_user(hdr_len, &min_hdr->hdr_len))
> > + return -EFAULT;
> > +
> > + if (btf_data_size < hdr_len) {
> > btf_verifier_log(env, "btf_header not found");
> > return -EINVAL;
> > }
> > - btf_verifier_log_hdr(env);
> > + err = bpf_check_uarg_tail_zero(btf_data, sizeof(btf->hdr), hdr_len);
> > + if (err) {
> > + if (err == -E2BIG)
> > + btf_verifier_log(env, "Unsupported btf_header");
> > + return err;
> > + }
> > +
> > + hdr_copy = min_t(u32, hdr_len, sizeof(btf->hdr));
> > + if (copy_from_user(&btf->hdr, btf_data, hdr_copy))
> > + return -EFAULT;
> > +
> > + hdr = &btf->hdr;
> > +
> > + btf_verifier_log_hdr(env, btf_data_size);
> > - hdr = btf->hdr;
> > if (hdr->magic != BTF_MAGIC) {
> > btf_verifier_log(env, "Invalid magic");
> > return -EINVAL;
> > @@ -1925,26 +2044,14 @@ static int btf_parse_hdr(struct btf_verifier_env *env)
> > return -ENOTSUPP;
> > }
> > - meta_left = btf->data_size - sizeof(*hdr);
> > - if (!meta_left) {
> > + if (btf_data_size == hdr->hdr_len) {
> > btf_verifier_log(env, "No data");
> > return -EINVAL;
> > }
> > - if (meta_left < hdr->type_off || hdr->str_off <= hdr->type_off ||
> > - /* Type section must align to 4 bytes */
> > - hdr->type_off & (sizeof(u32) - 1)) {
> > - btf_verifier_log(env, "Invalid type_off");
> > - return -EINVAL;
> > - }
> > -
> > - if (meta_left < hdr->str_off ||
> > - meta_left - hdr->str_off < hdr->str_len) {
> > - btf_verifier_log(env, "Invalid str_off or str_len");
> > - return -EINVAL;
> > - }
> > -
> > - btf->nohdr_data = btf->hdr + 1;
> > + err = btf_check_sec_info(env, btf_data_size);
> > + if (err)
> > + return err;
> > return 0;
> > }
> > @@ -1987,6 +2094,11 @@ static struct btf *btf_parse(void __user *btf_data, u32 btf_data_size,
> > err = -ENOMEM;
> > goto errout;
> > }
> > + env->btf = btf;
> > +
> > + err = btf_parse_hdr(env, btf_data, btf_data_size);
> > + if (err)
> > + goto errout;
> > data = kvmalloc(btf_data_size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
> > if (!data) {
> > @@ -1996,18 +2108,13 @@ static struct btf *btf_parse(void __user *btf_data, u32 btf_data_size,
> > btf->data = data;
> > btf->data_size = btf_data_size;
> > + btf->nohdr_data = btf->data + btf->hdr.hdr_len;
> > if (copy_from_user(data, btf_data, btf_data_size)) {
> > err = -EFAULT;
> > goto errout;
> > }
> > - env->btf = btf;
> > -
> > - err = btf_parse_hdr(env);
> > - if (err)
> > - goto errout;
> > -
> > err = btf_parse_str_sec(env);
> > if (err)
> > goto errout;
> > @@ -2016,16 +2123,14 @@ static struct btf *btf_parse(void __user *btf_data, u32 btf_data_size,
> > if (err)
> > goto errout;
> > - if (!err && log->level && bpf_verifier_log_full(log)) {
> > + if (log->level && bpf_verifier_log_full(log)) {
> > err = -ENOSPC;
> > goto errout;
> > }
> > - if (!err) {
> > - btf_verifier_env_free(env);
> > - refcount_set(&btf->refcnt, 1);
> > - return btf;
> > - }
> > + btf_verifier_env_free(env);
> > + refcount_set(&btf->refcnt, 1);
> > + return btf;
> > errout:
> > btf_verifier_env_free(env);
> >
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