Message-Id: <1FCD958E-C875-4F26-8E59-10615D7BF22E@gmail.com>
Date:   Tue, 4 Dec 2018 15:34:09 -0800
From:   Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@...il.com>
To:     Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
Cc:     Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
        Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@...el.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>,
        Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Kernel Hardening <kernel-hardening@...ts.openwall.com>,
        "Naveen N . Rao" <naveen.n.rao@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>,
        Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@...el.com>,
        "David S. Miller" <davem@...emloft.net>,
        Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@...nel.org>,
        Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
        Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
        Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>, jeyu@...nel.org,
        Network Development <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
        Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>,
        Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>,
        Kristen Carlson Accardi <kristen@...ux.intel.com>,
        Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
        "Dock, Deneen T" <deneen.t.dock@...el.com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/2] vmalloc: New flag for flush before releasing pages

> On Dec 4, 2018, at 3:27 PM, Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net> wrote:
> 
> 
> 
> 
> On Dec 4, 2018, at 2:48 PM, Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@...il.com> wrote:
> 
>>> On Dec 4, 2018, at 11:48 AM, Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org> wrote:
>>> 
>>> On Tue, Dec 4, 2018 at 11:45 AM Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@...il.com> wrote:
>>>>> On Dec 4, 2018, at 10:56 AM, Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org> wrote:
>>>>> 
>>>>> On Mon, Dec 3, 2018 at 5:43 PM Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@...il.com> wrote:
>>>>>>> On Nov 27, 2018, at 4:07 PM, Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@...el.com> wrote:
>>>>>>> 
>>>>>>> Since vfree will lazily flush the TLB, but not lazily free the underlying pages,
>>>>>>> it often leaves stale TLB entries to freed pages that could get re-used. This is
>>>>>>> undesirable for cases where the memory being freed has special permissions such
>>>>>>> as executable.
>>>>>> 
>>>>>> So I am trying to finish my patch-set for preventing transient W+X mappings
>>>>>> from taking space, by handling kprobes & ftrace that I missed (thanks again for
>>>>>> pointing it out).
>>>>>> 
>>>>>> But all of the sudden, I don’t understand why we have the problem that this
>>>>>> (your) patch-set deals with at all. We already change the mappings to make
>>>>>> the memory writable before freeing the memory, so why can’t we make it
>>>>>> non-executable at the same time? Actually, why do we make the module memory,
>>>>>> including its data executable before freeing it???
>>>>> 
>>>>> All the code you're looking at is IMO a very awkward and possibly
>>>>> incorrect of doing what's actually necessary: putting the direct map
>>>>> the way it wants to be.
>>>>> 
>>>>> Can't we shove this entirely mess into vunmap?  Have a flag (as part
>>>>> of vmalloc like in Rick's patch or as a flag passed to a vfree variant
>>>>> directly) that makes the vunmap code that frees the underlying pages
>>>>> also reset their permissions?
>>>>> 
>>>>> Right now, we muck with set_memory_rw() and set_memory_nx(), which
>>>>> both have very awkward (and inconsistent with each other!) semantics
>>>>> when called on vmalloc memory.  And they have their own flushes, which
>>>>> is inefficient.  Maybe the right solution is for vunmap to remove the
>>>>> vmap area PTEs, call into a function like set_memory_rw() that resets
>>>>> the direct maps to their default permissions *without* flushing, and
>>>>> then to do a single flush for everything.  Or, even better, to cause
>>>>> the change_page_attr code to do the flush and also to flush the vmap
>>>>> area all at once so that very small free operations can flush single
>>>>> pages instead of flushing globally.
>>>> 
>>>> Thanks for the explanation. I read it just after I realized that indeed the
>>>> whole purpose of this code is to get cpa_process_alias()
>>>> update the corresponding direct mapping.
>>>> 
>>>> This thing (pageattr.c) indeed seems over-engineered and very unintuitive.
>>>> Right now I have a list of patch-sets that I owe, so I don’t have the time
>>>> to deal with it.
>>>> 
>>>> But, I still think that disable_ro_nx() should not call set_memory_x().
>>>> IIUC, this breaks W+X of the direct-mapping which correspond with the module
>>>> memory. Does it ever stop being W+X?? I’ll have another look.
>>> 
>>> Dunno.  I did once chase down a bug where some memory got freed while
>>> it was still read-only, and the results were hilarious and hard to
>>> debug, since the explosion happened long after the buggy code
>>> finished.
>> 
>> This piece of code causes me pain and misery.
>> 
>> So, it turns out that the direct map is *not* changed if you just change
>> the NX-bit. See change_page_attr_set_clr():
>> 
>>       /* No alias checking for _NX bit modifications */
>>       checkalias = (pgprot_val(mask_set) | pgprot_val(mask_clr)) != _PAGE_NX;
>> 
>> How many levels of abstraction are broken in the way? What would happen
>> if somebody tries to change the NX-bit and some other bit in the PTE?
>> Luckily, I don’t think someone does… at least for now.
>> 
>> So, again, I think the change I proposed makes sense. nios2 does not have
>> set_memory_x() and it will not be affected.
>> 
>> [ I can add a comment, although I don’t have know if nios2 has an NX bit,
>> and I don’t find any code that defines PTEs. Actually where is pte_present()
>> of nios2 being defined? Whatever. ]
> 
> At least rename the function, then. The last thing we need is for
> disable_ro_nx to *enable* NX.

The code is so horrible right now (IMHO), that it will not make it much
worse. But, yes, I will of course change the name. I just want to finish
this text_poke() patch-set and W+X mappings keep popping up.

Thanks (as usual) for your help.

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