Date:   Thu, 21 Mar 2019 00:08:15 +0100
From:   Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>
To:     Yonghong Song <yhs@...com>, Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@...ichev.me>
Cc:     Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@...il.com>,
        Shuah Khan <shuah@...nel.org>,
        Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
        Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@...gle.com>, Martin Lau <kafai@...com>,
        Song Liu <songliubraving@...com>,
        "linux-kselftest@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kselftest@...r.kernel.org>,
        "netdev@...r.kernel.org" <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
        "bpf@...r.kernel.org" <bpf@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCHv2 bpf-next 1/3] bpf, tests: tweak endianness selection

On 03/20/2019 11:45 PM, Yonghong Song wrote:
> On 3/20/19 3:27 PM, Stanislav Fomichev wrote:
>> On 03/20, Yonghong Song wrote:
>>> On 3/20/19 10:13 AM, Stanislav Fomichev wrote:
>>>> On 03/20, Sergey Senozhatsky wrote:
>>>>> Not all compilers have __builtin_bswap16() and __builtin_bswap32(),
>>>>> thus not all compilers are able to compile the following code:
>>>>>
>>>>>           (__builtin_constant_p(x) ? \
>>>>>                   ___constant_swab16(x) : __builtin_bswap16(x))
>>>>>
>>>>> That's the reason why bpf_ntohl() doesn't work on GCC < 4.8, for
>>>>> instance:
>>>>>
>>>>>           error: implicit declaration of function '__builtin_bswap16'
>>>>>
>>>>> We can use __builtin_bswap16() only if compiler has this built-in,
>>>>> that is, only if __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__ is defined. Standard UAPI
>>>>> __swab16()/__swab32() take care of that, and, additionally, handle
>>>>> __builtin_constant_p() cases as well:
>>>>>
>>>>>    #ifdef __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__
>>>>>    #define __swab16(x) (__u16)__builtin_bswap16((__u16)(x))
>>>>>    #else
>>>>>    #define __swab16(x)                             \
>>>>>            (__builtin_constant_p((__u16)(x)) ?     \
>>>>>            ___constant_swab16(x) :                 \
>>>>>            __fswab16(x))
>>>>>    #endif
>>>>>
>>>>> So we can tweak selftests/bpf/bpf_endian.h and use UAPI
>>>>> __swab16()/__swab32().
>>>>>
>>>>> Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@...il.com>
>>>>> ---
>>>>>
>>>>> v2: fixed build error, reshuffled patches (Stanislav Fomichev)
>>>> Tested them locally with the compiler I saw the initial issues with - all
>>>> fine, I don't see any errors with the older gcc.
>>>>
>>>> One last question I have is: what happens in the llvm+bpf case? Have
>>>> you tested that? I think LLVM has all the builtins required, but since
>>>> we are relying on the swab.h now (and it relies on
>>>> __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__), I wonder whether this detection works
>>>> correctly on the llvm when targeting bpf. (sidenote: bpf_endian.h can be
>>>> used from both userspace and bpf programs).
>>>
>>> Inside kernel clang compiler header (linux/compiler-clang.h) does not
>>> define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__. So it will go to the "else" branch in
>>> the above. So I think it should work with clang + bpf.
>> Hm, isn't it the opposite of what we want then? I think for llvm+bpf we always
>> want to use the builtins to make it properly generate
>> BPF_TO_BE/BPF_TO_LE instructions.
> 
> Okay, I see. Then this patch will not achieve that.
> The following are two common ways to compile a bpf program:
>    - "clang -target bpf ...", maybe add macro __BPF__ somewhere
>      to indicate builtin_bswap16 always available?
>    - "clang <host target> ..." and then "llc -march=bpf ..."
>      in this case, __BPF__ macro is not available and
>      we will not be able to use builtin swap for bpf program.
> 
> Maybe use __clang__ macro (or gcc macro) to distinguish between clang 
> and gcc. If it is gcc we will check builtin availability, otherwise,
> we assume builtin always available? This not pretty though.

I think the way this should be fixed is the following: In case
of LLVM (aka compiling BPF prog), we want the code to be as-is,
in case if gcc is compiling the hostprog, we either want to keep
using __builtin_bswap16() or fall-back to something else. Thus,
I would suggest, we add a new feature test for tooling infra under
tools/build/feature/ that compiles a dummy prog with __builtin_bswap16().
And in the bpf_endian.h we define __bpf_ntohs(x) to __bpf_swab16(x)
which either resolves to __builtin_bswap16() or some fallback
implementation if not available. I don't think there should be much
of an issue and it would follow the standard way to do it.

>>>>>    tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bpf_endian.h | 8 ++++----
>>>>>    1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>>>>>
>>>>> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bpf_endian.h b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bpf_endian.h
>>>>> index b25595ea4a78..1ed268b2002b 100644
>>>>> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bpf_endian.h
>>>>> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bpf_endian.h
>>>>> @@ -20,12 +20,12 @@
>>>>>     * use different targets.
>>>>>     */
>>>>>    #if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
>>>>> -# define __bpf_ntohs(x)			__builtin_bswap16(x)
>>>>> -# define __bpf_htons(x)			__builtin_bswap16(x)
>>>>> +# define __bpf_ntohs(x)			__swab16(x)
>>>>> +# define __bpf_htons(x)			__swab16(x)
>>>>>    # define __bpf_constant_ntohs(x)	___constant_swab16(x)
>>>>>    # define __bpf_constant_htons(x)	___constant_swab16(x)
>>>>> -# define __bpf_ntohl(x)			__builtin_bswap32(x)
>>>>> -# define __bpf_htonl(x)			__builtin_bswap32(x)
>>>>> +# define __bpf_ntohl(x)			__swab32(x)
>>>>> +# define __bpf_htonl(x)			__swab32(x)
>>>>>    # define __bpf_constant_ntohl(x)	___constant_swab32(x)
>>>>>    # define __bpf_constant_htonl(x)	___constant_swab32(x)
>>>>>    #elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
>>>>> -- 
>>>>> 2.21.0
>>>>>

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