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Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2019 12:27:34 -0700
From: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@...com>
To: <bpf@...r.kernel.org>, <netdev@...r.kernel.org>, <ast@...com>,
<daniel@...earbox.net>, <yhs@...com>
CC: <andrii.nakryiko@...il.com>, <kernel-team@...com>,
Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@...com>
Subject: [PATCH bpf-next 02/10] libbpf: implement BPF CO-RE offset relocation algorithm
This patch implements the core logic for BPF CO-RE offsets relocations.
All the details are described in code comments.
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@...com>
---
tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c | 866 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h | 1 +
2 files changed, 861 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
index 8741c39adb1c..86d87bf10d46 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/vfs.h>
+#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <tools/libc_compat.h>
#include <libelf.h>
#include <gelf.h>
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@
#include "btf.h"
#include "str_error.h"
#include "libbpf_internal.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
#ifndef EM_BPF
#define EM_BPF 247
@@ -1013,16 +1015,22 @@ static int bpf_object__init_user_maps(struct bpf_object *obj, bool strict)
}
static const struct btf_type *skip_mods_and_typedefs(const struct btf *btf,
- __u32 id)
+ __u32 id,
+ __u32 *res_id)
{
const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, id);
+ if (res_id)
+ *res_id = id;
+
while (true) {
switch (BTF_INFO_KIND(t->info)) {
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
+ if (res_id)
+ *res_id = t->type;
t = btf__type_by_id(btf, t->type);
break;
default:
@@ -1041,7 +1049,7 @@ static const struct btf_type *skip_mods_and_typedefs(const struct btf *btf,
static bool get_map_field_int(const char *map_name, const struct btf *btf,
const struct btf_type *def,
const struct btf_member *m, __u32 *res) {
- const struct btf_type *t = skip_mods_and_typedefs(btf, m->type);
+ const struct btf_type *t = skip_mods_and_typedefs(btf, m->type, NULL);
const char *name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, m->name_off);
const struct btf_array *arr_info;
const struct btf_type *arr_t;
@@ -1107,7 +1115,7 @@ static int bpf_object__init_user_btf_map(struct bpf_object *obj,
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
}
- def = skip_mods_and_typedefs(obj->btf, var->type);
+ def = skip_mods_and_typedefs(obj->btf, var->type, NULL);
if (BTF_INFO_KIND(def->info) != BTF_KIND_STRUCT) {
pr_warning("map '%s': unexpected def kind %u.\n",
map_name, BTF_INFO_KIND(var->info));
@@ -2289,6 +2297,845 @@ bpf_program_reloc_btf_ext(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_object *obj,
return 0;
}
+#define BPF_CORE_SPEC_MAX_LEN 64
+
+/* represents BPF CO-RE field or array element accessor */
+struct bpf_core_accessor {
+ __u32 type_id; /* struct/union type or array element type */
+ __u32 idx; /* field index or array index */
+ const char *name; /* field name or NULL for array accessor */
+};
+
+struct bpf_core_spec {
+ const struct btf *btf;
+ /* high-level spec: named fields and array indicies only */
+ struct bpf_core_accessor spec[BPF_CORE_SPEC_MAX_LEN];
+ /* high-level spec length */
+ int len;
+ /* raw, low-level spec: 1-to-1 with accessor spec string */
+ int raw_spec[BPF_CORE_SPEC_MAX_LEN];
+ /* raw spec length */
+ int raw_len;
+ /* field byte offset represented by spec */
+ __u32 offset;
+};
+
+static bool str_is_empty(const char *s)
+{
+ return !s || !s[0];
+}
+
+static int btf_kind(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+ return BTF_INFO_KIND(t->info);
+}
+
+static bool btf_is_composite(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+ int kind = btf_kind(t);
+
+ return kind == BTF_KIND_STRUCT || kind == BTF_KIND_UNION;
+}
+
+static bool btf_is_array(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+ return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_ARRAY;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Turn bpf_offset_reloc into a low- and high-level spec representation,
+ * validating correctness along the way, as well as calculating resulting
+ * field offset (in bytes), specified by accessor string. Low-level spec
+ * captures every single level of nestedness, including traversing anonymous
+ * struct/union members. High-level one only captures semantically meaningful
+ * "turning points": named fields and array indicies.
+ * E.g., for this case:
+ *
+ * struct sample {
+ * int __unimportant;
+ * struct {
+ * int __1;
+ * int __2;
+ * int a[7];
+ * };
+ * };
+ *
+ * struct sample *s = ...;
+ *
+ * int x = &s->a[3]; // access string = '0:1:2:3'
+ *
+ * Low-level spec has 1:1 mapping with each element of access string (it's
+ * just a parsed access string representation): [0, 1, 2, 3].
+ *
+ * High-level spec will capture only 3 points:
+ * - intial zero-index access by pointer (&s->... is the same as &s[0]...);
+ * - field 'a' access (corresponds to '2' in low-level spec);
+ * - array element #3 access (corresponds to '3' in low-level spec).
+ *
+ */
+static int bpf_core_spec_parse(const struct btf *btf,
+ __u32 type_id,
+ const char *spec_str,
+ struct bpf_core_spec *spec)
+{
+ int access_idx, parsed_len, i;
+ const struct btf_type *t;
+ __u32 id = type_id;
+ const char *name;
+ __s64 sz;
+
+ if (str_is_empty(spec_str) || *spec_str == ':')
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ memset(spec, 0, sizeof(*spec));
+ spec->btf = btf;
+
+ /* parse spec_str="0:1:2:3:4" into array raw_spec=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4] */
+ while (*spec_str) {
+ if (*spec_str == ':')
+ ++spec_str;
+ if (sscanf(spec_str, "%d%n", &access_idx, &parsed_len) != 1)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ if (spec->raw_len == BPF_CORE_SPEC_MAX_LEN)
+ return -E2BIG;
+ spec_str += parsed_len;
+ spec->raw_spec[spec->raw_len++] = access_idx;
+ }
+
+ if (spec->raw_len == 0)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < spec->raw_len; i++) {
+ t = skip_mods_and_typedefs(btf, id, &id);
+ if (!t)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ access_idx = spec->raw_spec[i];
+
+ if (i == 0) {
+ /* first spec value is always reloc type array index */
+ spec->spec[spec->len].type_id = id;
+ spec->spec[spec->len].idx = access_idx;
+ spec->len++;
+
+ sz = btf__resolve_size(btf, id);
+ if (sz < 0)
+ return sz;
+ spec->offset += access_idx * sz;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (btf_is_composite(t)) {
+ const struct btf_member *m = (void *)(t + 1);
+ __u32 offset;
+
+ if (access_idx >= BTF_INFO_VLEN(t->info))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ m = &m[access_idx];
+
+ if (BTF_INFO_KFLAG(t->info)) {
+ if (BTF_MEMBER_BITFIELD_SIZE(m->offset))
+ return -EINVAL;
+ offset = BTF_MEMBER_BIT_OFFSET(m->offset);
+ } else {
+ offset = m->offset;
+ }
+ if (m->offset % 8)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ spec->offset += offset / 8;
+
+ if (m->name_off) {
+ name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, m->name_off);
+ if (str_is_empty(name))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ spec->spec[spec->len].type_id = id;
+ spec->spec[spec->len].idx = access_idx;
+ spec->spec[spec->len].name = name;
+ spec->len++;
+ }
+
+ id = m->type;
+ } else if (btf_is_array(t)) {
+ const struct btf_array *a = (void *)(t + 1);
+
+ t = skip_mods_and_typedefs(btf, a->type, &id);
+ if (!t || access_idx >= a->nelems)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ spec->spec[spec->len].type_id = id;
+ spec->spec[spec->len].idx = access_idx;
+ spec->len++;
+
+ sz = btf__resolve_size(btf, id);
+ if (sz < 0)
+ return sz;
+ spec->offset += access_idx * sz;
+ } else {
+ pr_warning("relo for [%u] %s (at idx %d) captures type [%d] of unexpected kind %d\n",
+ type_id, spec_str, i, id, btf_kind(t));
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (spec->len == 0)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Given 'some_struct_name___with_flavor' return the length of a name prefix
+ * before last triple underscore. Struct name part after last triple
+ * underscore is ignored by BPF CO-RE relocation during relocation matching.
+ */
+static size_t bpf_core_essential_name_len(const char *name)
+{
+ size_t n = strlen(name);
+ int i = n - 3;
+
+ while (i > 0) {
+ if (name[i] == '_' && name[i + 1] == '_' && name[i + 2] == '_')
+ return i;
+ i--;
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+/* dynamically sized list of type IDs */
+struct ids_vec {
+ __u32 *data;
+ int len;
+};
+
+static void bpf_core_free_cands(struct ids_vec *cand_ids)
+{
+ free(cand_ids->data);
+ free(cand_ids);
+}
+
+static struct ids_vec *bpf_core_find_cands(const struct btf *local_btf,
+ __u32 local_type_id,
+ const struct btf *targ_btf)
+{
+ size_t local_essent_len, targ_essent_len;
+ const char *local_name, *targ_name;
+ const struct btf_type *t;
+ struct ids_vec *cand_ids;
+ __u32 *new_ids;
+ int i, err, n;
+
+ t = btf__type_by_id(local_btf, local_type_id);
+ if (!t)
+ return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+ local_name = btf__name_by_offset(local_btf, t->name_off);
+ if (str_is_empty(local_name))
+ return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+ local_essent_len = bpf_core_essential_name_len(local_name);
+
+ cand_ids = calloc(1, sizeof(*cand_ids));
+ if (!cand_ids)
+ return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+ n = btf__get_nr_types(targ_btf);
+ for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+ t = btf__type_by_id(targ_btf, i);
+ targ_name = btf__name_by_offset(targ_btf, t->name_off);
+ if (str_is_empty(targ_name))
+ continue;
+
+ targ_essent_len = bpf_core_essential_name_len(targ_name);
+ if (targ_essent_len != local_essent_len)
+ continue;
+
+ if (strncmp(local_name, targ_name, local_essent_len) == 0) {
+ pr_debug("[%d] (%s): found candidate [%d] (%s)\n",
+ local_type_id, local_name, i, targ_name);
+ new_ids = realloc(cand_ids->data, cand_ids->len + 1);
+ if (!new_ids) {
+ err = -ENOMEM;
+ goto err_out;
+ }
+ cand_ids->data = new_ids;
+ cand_ids->data[cand_ids->len++] = i;
+ }
+ }
+ return cand_ids;
+err_out:
+ bpf_core_free_cands(cand_ids);
+ return ERR_PTR(err);
+}
+
+/* Check two types for compatibility, skipping const/volatile/restrict and
+ * typedefs, to ensure we are relocating offset to the compatible entities:
+ * - any two STRUCTs/UNIONs are compatible and can be mixed;
+ * - any two FWDs are compatible;
+ * - any two PTRs are always compatible;
+ * - for ENUMs, check sizes, names are ignored;
+ * - for INT, size and bitness should match, signedness is ignored;
+ * - for ARRAY, dimensionality is ignored, element types are checked for
+ * compatibility recursively;
+ * - everything else shouldn't be ever a target of relocation.
+ * These rules are not set in stone and probably will be adjusted as we get
+ * more experience with using BPF CO-RE relocations.
+ */
+static int bpf_core_fields_are_compat(const struct btf *local_btf,
+ __u32 local_id,
+ const struct btf *targ_btf,
+ __u32 targ_id)
+{
+ const struct btf_type *local_type, *targ_type;
+ __u16 kind;
+
+recur:
+ local_type = skip_mods_and_typedefs(local_btf, local_id, &local_id);
+ targ_type = skip_mods_and_typedefs(targ_btf, targ_id, &targ_id);
+ if (!local_type || !targ_type)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ if (btf_is_composite(local_type) && btf_is_composite(targ_type))
+ return 1;
+ if (BTF_INFO_KIND(local_type->info) != BTF_INFO_KIND(targ_type->info))
+ return 0;
+
+ kind = BTF_INFO_KIND(local_type->info);
+ switch (kind) {
+ case BTF_KIND_FWD:
+ case BTF_KIND_PTR:
+ return 1;
+ case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
+ return local_type->size == targ_type->size;
+ case BTF_KIND_INT: {
+ __u32 loc_int = *(__u32 *)(local_type + 1);
+ __u32 targ_int = *(__u32 *)(targ_type + 1);
+
+ return BTF_INT_OFFSET(loc_int) == 0 &&
+ BTF_INT_OFFSET(targ_int) == 0 &&
+ local_type->size == targ_type->size &&
+ BTF_INT_BITS(loc_int) == BTF_INT_BITS(targ_int);
+ }
+ case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {
+ const struct btf_array *loc_a, *targ_a;
+
+ loc_a = (void *)(local_type + 1);
+ targ_a = (void *)(targ_type + 1);
+ local_id = loc_a->type;
+ targ_id = targ_a->type;
+ goto recur;
+ }
+ default:
+ pr_warning("unexpected kind %d relocated, local [%d], target [%d]\n",
+ kind, local_id, targ_id);
+ return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given single high-level accessor (either named field or array index) in
+ * local type, find corresponding high-level accessor for a target type. Along
+ * the way, maintain low-level spec for target as well. Also keep updating
+ * target offset.
+ */
+static int bpf_core_match_member(const struct btf *local_btf,
+ const struct bpf_core_accessor *local_acc,
+ const struct btf *targ_btf,
+ __u32 targ_id,
+ struct bpf_core_spec *spec,
+ __u32 *next_targ_id)
+{
+ const struct btf_type *local_type, *targ_type;
+ const struct btf_member *local_member, *m;
+ const char *local_name, *targ_name;
+ __u32 local_id;
+ int i, n, found;
+
+ targ_type = skip_mods_and_typedefs(targ_btf, targ_id, &targ_id);
+ if (!targ_type)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ if (!btf_is_composite(targ_type))
+ return 0;
+
+ local_id = local_acc->type_id;
+ local_type = btf__type_by_id(local_btf, local_id);
+ local_member = (void *)(local_type + 1);
+ local_member += local_acc->idx;
+ local_name = btf__name_by_offset(local_btf, local_member->name_off);
+
+ n = BTF_INFO_VLEN(targ_type->info);
+ m = (void *)(targ_type + 1);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {
+ __u32 offset;
+
+ /* bitfield relocations not supported */
+ if (BTF_INFO_KFLAG(targ_type->info)) {
+ if (BTF_MEMBER_BITFIELD_SIZE(m->offset))
+ continue;
+ offset = BTF_MEMBER_BIT_OFFSET(m->offset);
+ } else {
+ offset = m->offset;
+ }
+ if (offset % 8)
+ continue;
+
+ /* too deep struct/union/array nesting */
+ if (spec->raw_len == BPF_CORE_SPEC_MAX_LEN)
+ return -E2BIG;
+
+ /* speculate this member will be the good one */
+ spec->offset += offset / 8;
+ spec->raw_spec[spec->raw_len++] = i;
+
+ targ_name = btf__name_by_offset(targ_btf, m->name_off);
+ if (str_is_empty(targ_name)) {
+ /* embedded struct/union, we need to go deeper */
+ found = bpf_core_match_member(local_btf, local_acc,
+ targ_btf, m->type,
+ spec, next_targ_id);
+ if (found) /* either found or error */
+ return found;
+ } else if (strcmp(local_name, targ_name) == 0) {
+ /* matching named field */
+ struct bpf_core_accessor *targ_acc;
+
+ targ_acc = &spec->spec[spec->len++];
+ targ_acc->type_id = targ_id;
+ targ_acc->idx = i;
+ targ_acc->name = targ_name;
+
+ *next_targ_id = m->type;
+ found = bpf_core_fields_are_compat(local_btf,
+ local_member->type,
+ targ_btf, m->type);
+ if (!found)
+ spec->len--; /* pop accessor */
+ return found;
+ }
+ /* member turned out to be not we looked for */
+ spec->offset -= offset / 8;
+ spec->raw_len--;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to match local spec to a target type and, if successful, produce full
+ * target spec (high-level, low-level + offset).
+ */
+static int bpf_core_spec_match(struct bpf_core_spec *local_spec,
+ const struct btf *targ_btf, __u32 targ_id,
+ struct bpf_core_spec *targ_spec)
+{
+ const struct btf_type *targ_type;
+ const struct bpf_core_accessor *local_acc;
+ struct bpf_core_accessor *targ_acc;
+ int i, sz, matched;
+
+ memset(targ_spec, 0, sizeof(*targ_spec));
+ targ_spec->btf = targ_btf;
+
+ local_acc = &local_spec->spec[0];
+ targ_acc = &targ_spec->spec[0];
+
+ for (i = 0; i < local_spec->len; i++, local_acc++, targ_acc++) {
+ targ_type = skip_mods_and_typedefs(targ_spec->btf, targ_id,
+ &targ_id);
+ if (!targ_type)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ if (local_acc->name) {
+ if (!btf_is_composite(targ_type))
+ return 0;
+
+ matched = bpf_core_match_member(local_spec->btf,
+ local_acc,
+ targ_btf, targ_id,
+ targ_spec, &targ_id);
+ if (matched <= 0)
+ return matched;
+ } else {
+ /* for i=0, targ_id is already treated as array element
+ * type (because it's the original struct), for others
+ * we should find array element type first
+ */
+ if (i > 0) {
+ const struct btf_array *a;
+
+ if (!btf_is_array(targ_type))
+ return 0;
+
+ a = (void *)(targ_type + 1);
+ if (local_acc->idx >= a->nelems)
+ return 0;
+ if (!skip_mods_and_typedefs(targ_btf, a->type,
+ &targ_id))
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ /* too deep struct/union/array nesting */
+ if (targ_spec->raw_len == BPF_CORE_SPEC_MAX_LEN)
+ return -E2BIG;
+
+ targ_acc->type_id = targ_id;
+ targ_acc->idx = local_acc->idx;
+ targ_acc->name = NULL;
+ targ_spec->len++;
+ targ_spec->raw_spec[targ_spec->raw_len] = targ_acc->idx;
+ targ_spec->raw_len++;
+
+ sz = btf__resolve_size(targ_btf, targ_id);
+ if (sz < 0)
+ return sz;
+ targ_spec->offset += local_acc->idx * sz;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Patch relocatable BPF instruction.
+ * Expected insn->imm value is provided for validation, as well as the new
+ * relocated value.
+ *
+ * Currently three kinds of BPF instructions are supported:
+ * 1. rX = <imm> (assignment with immediate operand);
+ * 2. rX += <imm> (arithmetic operations with immediate operand);
+ * 3. *(rX) = <imm> (indirect memory assignment with immediate operand).
+ *
+ * If actual insn->imm value is wrong, bail out.
+ */
+static int bpf_core_reloc_insn(struct bpf_program *prog, int insn_off,
+ __u32 orig_off, __u32 new_off)
+{
+ struct bpf_insn *insn;
+ int insn_idx;
+ __u8 class;
+
+ if (insn_off % sizeof(struct bpf_insn))
+ return -EINVAL;
+ insn_idx = insn_off / sizeof(struct bpf_insn);
+
+ insn = &prog->insns[insn_idx];
+ class = BPF_CLASS(insn->code);
+
+ if (class == BPF_ALU || class == BPF_ALU64) {
+ if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) != BPF_K)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ if (insn->imm != orig_off)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ insn->imm = new_off;
+ pr_debug("prog '%s': patched insn #%d (ALU/ALU64) imm %d -> %d\n",
+ bpf_program__title(prog, false),
+ insn_idx, orig_off, new_off);
+ } else if (class == BPF_ST && BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_MEM) {
+ if (insn->imm != orig_off)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ insn->imm = new_off;
+ pr_debug("prog '%s': patched insn #%d (ST | MEM) imm %d -> %d\n",
+ bpf_program__title(prog, false),
+ insn_idx, orig_off, new_off);
+ } else {
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': trying to relocate unrecognized insn #%d, code:%x, src:%x, dst:%x, off:%x, imm:%x\n",
+ bpf_program__title(prog, false),
+ insn_idx, insn->code, insn->src_reg, insn->dst_reg,
+ insn->off, insn->imm);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Probe few well-known locations for vmlinux kernel image and try to load BTF
+ * data out of it to use for target BTF.
+ */
+static struct btf *bpf_core_find_kernel_btf(void)
+{
+ const char *locations[] = {
+ "/lib/modules/%1$s/vmlinux-%1$s",
+ "/usr/lib/modules/%1$s/kernel/vmlinux",
+ };
+ char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+ struct utsname buf;
+ struct btf *btf;
+ int i, err;
+
+ err = uname(&buf);
+ if (err) {
+ pr_warning("failed to uname(): %d\n", err);
+ return ERR_PTR(err);
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(locations); i++) {
+ snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, locations[i], buf.release);
+ pr_debug("attempting to load kernel BTF from '%s'\n", path);
+
+ if (access(path, R_OK))
+ continue;
+
+ btf = btf__parse_elf(path, NULL);
+ if (IS_ERR(btf))
+ continue;
+
+ pr_debug("successfully loaded kernel BTF from '%s'\n", path);
+ return btf;
+ }
+
+ pr_warning("failed to find valid kernel BTF\n");
+ return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
+}
+
+static size_t bpf_core_hash_fn(const void *key, void *ctx)
+{
+ return (size_t)key;
+}
+
+static bool bpf_core_equal_fn(const void *k1, const void *k2, void *ctx)
+{
+ return k1 == k2;
+}
+
+static void *u32_to_ptr(__u32 x)
+{
+ return (void *)(uintptr_t)x;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CO-RE relocate single instruction.
+ *
+ * The outline and important points of the algorithm:
+ * 1. For given local type, find corresponding candidate target types.
+ * Candidate type is a type with the same "essential" name, ignoring
+ * everything after last triple underscore (___). E.g., `sample`,
+ * `sample___flavor_one`, `sample___flavor_another_one`, are all candidates
+ * for each other. Names with triple underscore are referred to as
+ * "flavors" and are useful, among other things, to allow to
+ * specify/support incompatible variations of the same kernel struct, which
+ * might differ between different kernel versions and/or build
+ * configurations.
+ * 2. For each candidate type, try to match local specification to this
+ * candidate target type. Matching involves finding corresponding
+ * high-level spec accessors, meaning that all named fields should match,
+ * as well as all array accesses should be within the actual bounds. Also,
+ * types should be compatible (see bpf_core_fields_are_compat for details).
+ * 3. It is supported and expected that there might be multiple flavors
+ * matching the spec. As long as all the specs resolve to the same set of
+ * offsets across all candidates, there is not error. If there is any
+ * ambiguity, CO-RE relocation will fail. This is necessary to accomodate
+ * imprefection of BTF deduplication, which can cause slight duplication of
+ * the same BTF type, if some directly or indirectly referenced (by
+ * pointer) type gets resolved to different actual types in different
+ * object files. If such situation occurs, deduplicated BTF will end up
+ * with two (or more) structurally identical types, which differ only in
+ * types they refer to through pointer. This should be OK in most cases and
+ * is not an error.
+ * 4. Candidate types search is performed by linearly scanning through all
+ * types in target BTF. It is anticipated that this is overall more
+ * efficient memory-wise and not significantly worse (if not better)
+ * CPU-wise compared to prebuilding a map from all local type names to
+ * a list of candidate type names. It's also sped up by caching resolved
+ * list of matching candidates per each local "root" type ID, that has at
+ * least one bpf_offset_reloc associated with it. This list is shared
+ * between multiple relocations for the same type ID and is updated as some
+ * of the candidates are pruned due to structural incompatibility.
+ */
+static int bpf_core_reloc_offset(struct bpf_program *prog,
+ const struct bpf_offset_reloc *relo,
+ int relo_idx,
+ const struct btf *local_btf,
+ const struct btf *targ_btf,
+ struct hashmap *cand_cache)
+{
+ const char *prog_name = bpf_program__title(prog, false);
+ struct bpf_core_spec local_spec, cand_spec, targ_spec;
+ const void *type_key = u32_to_ptr(relo->type_id);
+ const struct btf_type *local_type, *cand_type;
+ const char *local_name, *cand_name;
+ struct ids_vec *cand_ids;
+ __u32 local_id, cand_id;
+ const char *spec_str;
+ int i, j, err;
+
+ local_id = relo->type_id;
+ local_type = btf__type_by_id(local_btf, local_id);
+ if (!local_type)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ local_name = btf__name_by_offset(local_btf, local_type->name_off);
+ if (str_is_empty(local_name))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ spec_str = btf__name_by_offset(local_btf, relo->access_str_off);
+ if (str_is_empty(spec_str))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ pr_debug("prog '%s': relo #%d: insn_off=%d, [%d] (%s) + %s\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, relo->insn_off,
+ local_id, local_name, spec_str);
+
+ err = bpf_core_spec_parse(local_btf, local_id, spec_str, &local_spec);
+ if (err) {
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': relo #%d: parsing [%d] (%s) + %s failed: %d\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, local_id, local_name, spec_str,
+ err);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ pr_debug("prog '%s': relo #%d: [%d] (%s) + %s is off %u, len %d, raw_len %d\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, local_id, local_name, spec_str,
+ local_spec.offset, local_spec.len, local_spec.raw_len);
+
+ if (!hashmap__find(cand_cache, type_key, (void **)&cand_ids)) {
+ cand_ids = bpf_core_find_cands(local_btf, local_id, targ_btf);
+ if (IS_ERR(cand_ids)) {
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': relo #%d: target candidate search failed for [%d] (%s) + %s: %ld\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, local_id, local_name,
+ spec_str, PTR_ERR(cand_ids));
+ return PTR_ERR(cand_ids);
+ }
+ err = hashmap__set(cand_cache, type_key, cand_ids, NULL, NULL);
+ if (err) {
+ bpf_core_free_cands(cand_ids);
+ return err;
+ }
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0, j = 0; i < cand_ids->len; i++) {
+ cand_id = cand_ids->data[j];
+ cand_type = btf__type_by_id(targ_btf, cand_id);
+ cand_name = btf__name_by_offset(targ_btf, cand_type->name_off);
+
+ err = bpf_core_spec_match(&local_spec, targ_btf,
+ cand_id, &cand_spec);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': relo #%d: failed to match spec [%d] (%s) + %s to candidate #%d [%d] (%s): %d\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, local_id, local_name,
+ spec_str, i, cand_id, cand_name, err);
+ return err;
+ }
+ if (err == 0) {
+ pr_debug("prog '%s': relo #%d: candidate #%d [%d] (%s) doesn't match spec\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, i, cand_id, cand_name);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ pr_debug("prog '%s': relo #%d: candidate #%d ([%d] %s) is off %u, len %d, raw_len %d\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, i, cand_id, cand_name,
+ cand_spec.offset, cand_spec.len, cand_spec.raw_len);
+
+ if (j == 0) {
+ targ_spec = cand_spec;
+ } else if (cand_spec.offset != targ_spec.offset) {
+ /* if there are many candidates, they should all
+ * resolve to the same offset
+ */
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': relo #%d: candidate #%d ([%d] %s): conflicting offset found (%u != %u)\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, i, cand_id, cand_name,
+ cand_spec.offset, targ_spec.offset);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ cand_ids->data[j++] = cand_spec.spec[0].type_id;
+ }
+
+ cand_ids->len = j;
+ if (cand_ids->len == 0) {
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': relo #%d: no matching targets found for [%d] (%s) + %s\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, local_id, local_name, spec_str);
+ return -ESRCH;
+ }
+
+ err = bpf_core_reloc_insn(prog, relo->insn_off,
+ local_spec.offset, targ_spec.offset);
+ if (err) {
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': relo #%d: failed to patch insn at offset %d: %d\n",
+ prog_name, relo_idx, relo->insn_off, err);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+bpf_core_reloc_offsets(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *targ_btf_path)
+{
+ const struct btf_ext_info_sec *sec;
+ const struct bpf_offset_reloc *rec;
+ const struct btf_ext_info *seg;
+ struct hashmap_entry *entry;
+ struct hashmap *cand_cache = NULL;
+ struct bpf_program *prog;
+ struct btf *targ_btf;
+ const char *sec_name;
+ int i, err = 0;
+
+ if (targ_btf_path)
+ targ_btf = btf__parse_elf(targ_btf_path, NULL);
+ else
+ targ_btf = bpf_core_find_kernel_btf();
+ if (IS_ERR(targ_btf)) {
+ pr_warning("failed to get target BTF: %ld\n",
+ PTR_ERR(targ_btf));
+ return PTR_ERR(targ_btf);
+ }
+
+ cand_cache = hashmap__new(bpf_core_hash_fn, bpf_core_equal_fn, NULL);
+ if (IS_ERR(cand_cache)) {
+ err = PTR_ERR(cand_cache);
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ seg = &obj->btf_ext->offset_reloc_info;
+ for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) {
+ sec_name = btf__name_by_offset(obj->btf, sec->sec_name_off);
+ if (str_is_empty(sec_name)) {
+ err = -EINVAL;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ prog = bpf_object__find_program_by_title(obj, sec_name);
+ if (!prog) {
+ pr_warning("failed to find program '%s' for CO-RE offset relocation\n",
+ sec_name);
+ err = -EINVAL;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ pr_debug("prog '%s': performing %d CO-RE offset relocs\n",
+ sec_name, sec->num_info);
+
+ for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) {
+ err = bpf_core_reloc_offset(prog, rec, i, obj->btf,
+ targ_btf, cand_cache);
+ if (err) {
+ pr_warning("prog '%s': relo #%d: failed to relocate: %d\n",
+ sec_name, i, err);
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+out:
+ btf__free(targ_btf);
+ if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(cand_cache)) {
+ hashmap__for_each_entry(cand_cache, entry, i) {
+ bpf_core_free_cands(entry->value);
+ }
+ hashmap__free(cand_cache);
+ }
+ return err;
+}
+
+static int
+bpf_object__relocate_core(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *targ_btf_path)
+{
+ int err = 0;
+
+ if (obj->btf_ext->offset_reloc_info.len)
+ err = bpf_core_reloc_offsets(obj, targ_btf_path);
+
+ return err;
+}
+
static int
bpf_program__reloc_text(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_object *obj,
struct reloc_desc *relo)
@@ -2396,14 +3243,21 @@ bpf_program__relocate(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_object *obj)
return 0;
}
-
static int
-bpf_object__relocate(struct bpf_object *obj)
+bpf_object__relocate(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *targ_btf_path)
{
struct bpf_program *prog;
size_t i;
int err;
+ if (obj->btf_ext) {
+ err = bpf_object__relocate_core(obj, targ_btf_path);
+ if (err) {
+ pr_warning("failed to perform CO-RE relocations: %d\n",
+ err);
+ return err;
+ }
+ }
for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_programs; i++) {
prog = &obj->programs[i];
@@ -2804,7 +3658,7 @@ int bpf_object__load_xattr(struct bpf_object_load_attr *attr)
obj->loaded = true;
CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__create_maps(obj), err, out);
- CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__relocate(obj), err, out);
+ CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__relocate(obj, attr->target_btf_path), err, out);
CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__load_progs(obj, attr->log_level), err, out);
return 0;
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
index 5cbf459ece0b..6004bfe1ebf0 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ LIBBPF_API void bpf_object__close(struct bpf_object *object);
struct bpf_object_load_attr {
struct bpf_object *obj;
int log_level;
+ const char *target_btf_path;
};
/* Load/unload object into/from kernel */
--
2.17.1
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