Date:   Sat, 28 Sep 2019 16:19:16 -0700
From:   Yonghong Song <yhs@...com>
To:     <bpf@...r.kernel.org>, <netdev@...r.kernel.org>
CC:     Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...com>,
        Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>, <kernel-team@...com>,
        Kevin Laatz <kevin.laatz@...el.com>,
        Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@...hat.com>,
        Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@...com>
Subject: [PATCH bpf v2] libbpf: handle symbol versioning properly for libbpf.a

bcc uses libbpf repo as a submodule. It brings in libbpf source
code and builds everything together to produce shared libraries.
With latest libbpf, I got the following errors:
  /bin/ld: libbcc_bpf.so.0.10.0: version node not found for symbol xsk_umem__create@...BPF_0.0.2
  /bin/ld: failed to set dynamic section sizes: Bad value
  collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
  make[2]: *** [src/cc/libbcc_bpf.so.0.10.0] Error 1

In xsk.c, we have
  asm(".symver xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2, xsk_umem__create@...BPF_0.0.2");
  asm(".symver xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4, xsk_umem__create@@LIBBPF_0.0.4");
The linker thinks the built is for LIBBPF but cannot find proper version
LIBBPF_0.0.2/4, so emit errors.

I also confirmed that using libbpf.a to produce a shared library also
has issues:
  -bash-4.4$ cat t.c
  extern void *xsk_umem__create;
  void * test() { return xsk_umem__create; }
  -bash-4.4$ gcc -c -fPIC t.c
  -bash-4.4$ gcc -shared t.o libbpf.a -o t.so
  /bin/ld: t.so: version node not found for symbol xsk_umem__create@...BPF_0.0.2
  /bin/ld: failed to set dynamic section sizes: Bad value
  collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
  -bash-4.4$

Symbol versioning does happens in commonly used libraries, e.g., elfutils
and glibc. For static libraries, for a versioned symbol, the old definitions
will be ignored, and the symbol will be an alias to the latest definition.
For example, glibc sched_setaffinity is versioned.
  -bash-4.4$ readelf -s /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 | grep sched_setaffinity
     756: 000000000013d3d0    13 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   13 sched_setaffinity@...BC_2.3.3
     757: 00000000000e2e70   455 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   13 sched_setaffinity@@GLIBC_2.3.4
    1800: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS sched_setaffinity.c
    4228: 00000000000e2e70   455 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT   13 __sched_setaffinity_new
    4648: 000000000013d3d0    13 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT   13 __sched_setaffinity_old
    7338: 000000000013d3d0    13 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   13 sched_setaffinity@...BC_2
    7380: 00000000000e2e70   455 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   13 sched_setaffinity@@GLIBC_
  -bash-4.4$
For static library, the definition of sched_setaffinity aliases to the new definition.
  -bash-4.4$ readelf -s /usr/lib64/libc.a | grep sched_setaffinity
  File: /usr/lib64/libc.a(sched_setaffinity.o)
     8: 0000000000000000   455 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    1 __sched_setaffinity_new
    12: 0000000000000000   455 FUNC    WEAK   DEFAULT    1 sched_setaffinity

For both elfutils and glibc, additional macros are used to control different handling
of symbol versioning w.r.t static and shared libraries.
For elfutils, the macro is SYMBOL_VERSIONING
(https://sourceware.org/git/?p=elfutils.git;a=blob;f=lib/eu-config.h).
For glibc, the macro is SHARED
(https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=blob;f=include/shlib-compat.h;hb=refs/heads/master)

This patch used SYMBOL_VERSIONING as the macro name as it clearly indicates the
intention. The macro name can be changed later if necessary as it is internal
to libbpf. After this patch, the libbpf.a has
  -bash-4.4$ readelf -s libbpf.a | grep xsk_umem__create
     372: 0000000000017145  1190 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    1 xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4
     405: 0000000000017145  1190 FUNC    WEAK   DEFAULT    1 xsk_umem__create
     499: 00000000000175eb   103 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    1 xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2
  -bash-4.4$
No versioned symbols for xsk_umem__create.
The libbpf.a can be used to build a shared library succesfully.
  -bash-4.4$ cat t.c
  extern void *xsk_umem__create;
  void * test() { return xsk_umem__create; }
  -bash-4.4$ gcc -c -fPIC t.c
  -bash-4.4$ gcc -shared t.o libbpf.a -o t.so
  -bash-4.4$

Fixes: 10d30e301732 ("libbpf: add flags to umem config")
Cc: Kevin Laatz <kevin.laatz@...el.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@...hat.com>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@...com>
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@...com>
---
 tools/lib/bpf/Makefile          | 27 ++++++++++++++++++---------
 tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c             |  4 ++--
 3 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile b/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile
index c6f94cffe06e..9533e185d9b6 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/Makefile
@@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ override CFLAGS += $(INCLUDES)
 override CFLAGS += -fvisibility=hidden
 override CFLAGS += -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
 
+# flags specific for shared library
+SHLIB_FLAGS = -DSYMBOL_VERSIONING
+
 ifeq ($(VERBOSE),1)
   Q =
 else
@@ -126,14 +129,17 @@ all:
 export srctree OUTPUT CC LD CFLAGS V
 include $(srctree)/tools/build/Makefile.include
 
-BPF_IN		:= $(OUTPUT)libbpf-in.o
+SHARED_OBJDIR	:= $(OUTPUT)sharedobjs/
+STATIC_OBJDIR	:= $(OUTPUT)staticobjs/
+BPF_IN_SHARED	:= $(SHARED_OBJDIR)libbpf-in.o
+BPF_IN_STATIC	:= $(STATIC_OBJDIR)libbpf-in.o
 VERSION_SCRIPT	:= libbpf.map
 
 LIB_TARGET	:= $(addprefix $(OUTPUT),$(LIB_TARGET))
 LIB_FILE	:= $(addprefix $(OUTPUT),$(LIB_FILE))
 PC_FILE		:= $(addprefix $(OUTPUT),$(PC_FILE))
 
-GLOBAL_SYM_COUNT = $(shell readelf -s --wide $(BPF_IN) | \
+GLOBAL_SYM_COUNT = $(shell readelf -s --wide $(BPF_IN_SHARED) | \
 			   cut -d "@" -f1 | sed 's/_v[0-9]_[0-9]_[0-9].*//' | \
 			   awk '/GLOBAL/ && /DEFAULT/ && !/UND/ {print $$8}' | \
 			   sort -u | wc -l)
@@ -155,7 +161,7 @@ all: fixdep
 
 all_cmd: $(CMD_TARGETS) check
 
-$(BPF_IN): force elfdep bpfdep
+$(BPF_IN_SHARED): force elfdep bpfdep
 	@(test -f ../../include/uapi/linux/bpf.h -a -f ../../../include/uapi/linux/bpf.h && ( \
 	(diff -B ../../include/uapi/linux/bpf.h ../../../include/uapi/linux/bpf.h >/dev/null) || \
 	echo "Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/bpf.h'" >&2 )) || true
@@ -171,17 +177,20 @@ $(BPF_IN): force elfdep bpfdep
 	@(test -f ../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h -a -f ../../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h && ( \
 	(diff -B ../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h ../../../include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h >/dev/null) || \
 	echo "Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/if_xdp.h'" >&2 )) || true
-	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=libbpf
+	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=libbpf OUTPUT=$(SHARED_OBJDIR) CFLAGS="$(CFLAGS) $(SHLIB_FLAGS)"
+
+$(BPF_IN_STATIC): force elfdep bpfdep
+	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=libbpf OUTPUT=$(STATIC_OBJDIR)
 
 $(OUTPUT)libbpf.so: $(OUTPUT)libbpf.so.$(LIBBPF_VERSION)
 
-$(OUTPUT)libbpf.so.$(LIBBPF_VERSION): $(BPF_IN)
+$(OUTPUT)libbpf.so.$(LIBBPF_VERSION): $(BPF_IN_SHARED)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) --shared -Wl,-soname,libbpf.so.$(LIBBPF_MAJOR_VERSION) \
 				    -Wl,--version-script=$(VERSION_SCRIPT) $^ -lelf -o $@
 	@ln -sf $(@F) $(OUTPUT)libbpf.so
 	@ln -sf $(@F) $(OUTPUT)libbpf.so.$(LIBBPF_MAJOR_VERSION)
 
-$(OUTPUT)libbpf.a: $(BPF_IN)
+$(OUTPUT)libbpf.a: $(BPF_IN_STATIC)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(RM) $@; $(AR) rcs $@ $^
 
 $(OUTPUT)test_libbpf: test_libbpf.cpp $(OUTPUT)libbpf.a
@@ -197,7 +206,7 @@ check: check_abi
 
 check_abi: $(OUTPUT)libbpf.so
 	@if [ "$(GLOBAL_SYM_COUNT)" != "$(VERSIONED_SYM_COUNT)" ]; then	 \
-		echo "Warning: Num of global symbols in $(BPF_IN)"	 \
+		echo "Warning: Num of global symbols in $(BPF_IN_SHARED)"	 \
 		     "($(GLOBAL_SYM_COUNT)) does NOT match with num of"	 \
 		     "versioned symbols in $^ ($(VERSIONED_SYM_COUNT))." \
 		     "Please make sure all LIBBPF_API symbols are"	 \
@@ -255,9 +264,9 @@ config-clean:
 	$(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(srctree)/tools/build/feature/ clean >/dev/null
 
 clean:
-	$(call QUIET_CLEAN, libbpf) $(RM) $(TARGETS) $(CXX_TEST_TARGET) \
+	$(call QUIET_CLEAN, libbpf) $(RM) -rf $(TARGETS) $(CXX_TEST_TARGET) \
 		*.o *~ *.a *.so *.so.$(LIBBPF_MAJOR_VERSION) .*.d .*.cmd \
-		*.pc LIBBPF-CFLAGS
+		*.pc LIBBPF-CFLAGS $(SHARED_OBJDIR) $(STATIC_OBJDIR)
 	$(call QUIET_CLEAN, core-gen) $(RM) $(OUTPUT)FEATURE-DUMP.libbpf
 
 
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h
index 2e83a34f8c79..40a6d376de9a 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_internal.h
@@ -34,6 +34,22 @@
 	(offsetof(TYPE, FIELD) + sizeof(((TYPE *)0)->FIELD))
 #endif
 
+/* Symbol versoining is different between static and shared library.
+ * Properly versioned symbols are needed for shared library, but
+ * only the symbol of the new version is needed.
+ */
+#ifdef SYMBOL_VERSIONING
+# define OLD_VERSION(internal_name, api_name, version) \
+	asm(".symver " #internal_name "," #api_name "@" #version);
+# define NEW_VERSION(internal_name, api_name, version) \
+	asm(".symver " #internal_name "," #api_name "@@" #version);
+#else
+# define OLD_VERSION(internal_name, api_name, version)
+# define NEW_VERSION(internal_name, api_name, version) \
+	extern typeof(internal_name) api_name \
+	__attribute__ ((weak, alias (#internal_name)));
+#endif
+
 extern void libbpf_print(enum libbpf_print_level level,
 			 const char *format, ...)
 	__attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c b/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c
index 24fa313524fb..6b983a4b7664 100644
--- a/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c
+++ b/tools/lib/bpf/xsk.c
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@ int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2(struct xsk_umem **umem_ptr, void *umem_area,
 	return xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4(umem_ptr, umem_area, size, fill, comp,
 					&config);
 }
-asm(".symver xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2, xsk_umem__create@...BPF_0.0.2");
-asm(".symver xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4, xsk_umem__create@@LIBBPF_0.0.4");
+OLD_VERSION(xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2, xsk_umem__create, LIBBPF_0.0.2)
+NEW_VERSION(xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4, xsk_umem__create, LIBBPF_0.0.4)
 
 static int xsk_load_xdp_prog(struct xsk_socket *xsk)
 {
-- 
2.17.1

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