Date:   Tue, 8 Oct 2019 15:58:51 +0300
From:   Vladimir Oltean <olteanv@...il.com>
To:     Mark Brown <broonie@...nel.org>,
        "David S. Miller" <davem@...emloft.net>
Cc:     Andrew Lunn <andrew@...n.ch>,
        Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@...il.com>,
        Hubert Feurstein <h.feurstein@...il.com>,
        linux-spi@...r.kernel.org, Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@...hat.com>,
        netdev <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
        Richard Cochran <richardcochran@...il.com>
Subject: Re: Applied "spi: Add a PTP system timestamp to the transfer
 structure" to the spi tree

On Tue, 8 Oct 2019 at 13:52, Mark Brown <broonie@...nel.org> wrote:
>
> The patch
>
>    spi: Add a PTP system timestamp to the transfer structure
>
> has been applied to the spi tree at
>
>    https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi.git for-5.5
>
> All being well this means that it will be integrated into the linux-next
> tree (usually sometime in the next 24 hours) and sent to Linus during
> the next merge window (or sooner if it is a bug fix), however if
> problems are discovered then the patch may be dropped or reverted.
>
> You may get further e-mails resulting from automated or manual testing
> and review of the tree, please engage with people reporting problems and
> send followup patches addressing any issues that are reported if needed.
>
> If any updates are required or you are submitting further changes they
> should be sent as incremental updates against current git, existing
> patches will not be replaced.
>
> Please add any relevant lists and maintainers to the CCs when replying
> to this mail.
>
> Thanks,
> Mark
>

Thanks Mark!

Dave, do you think you can somehow integrate this patch into net-next
as well, so that I can send some further patches that depend on the
newly introduced ptp_sts member of struct spi_transfer without waiting
for another kernel release?

Regards,
-Vladimir

> From b42faeee718ce13ef6eb99c24880b58deb54c8fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Vladimir Oltean <olteanv@...il.com>
> Date: Thu, 5 Sep 2019 04:01:12 +0300
> Subject: [PATCH] spi: Add a PTP system timestamp to the transfer structure
>
> SPI is one of the interfaces used to access devices which have a POSIX
> clock driver (real time clocks, 1588 timers etc). The fact that the SPI
> bus is slow is not what the main problem is, but rather the fact that
> drivers don't take a constant amount of time in transferring data over
> SPI. When there is a high delay in the readout of time, there will be
> uncertainty in the value that has been read out of the peripheral.
> When that delay is constant, the uncertainty can at least be
> approximated with a certain accuracy which is fine more often than not.
>
> Timing jitter occurs all over in the kernel code, and is mainly caused
> by having to let go of the CPU for various reasons such as preemption,
> servicing interrupts, going to sleep, etc. Another major reason is CPU
> dynamic frequency scaling.
>
> It turns out that the problem of retrieving time from a SPI peripheral
> with high accuracy can be solved by the use of "PTP system
> timestamping" - a mechanism to correlate the time when the device has
> snapshotted its internal time counter with the Linux system time at that
> same moment. This is sufficient for having a precise time measurement -
> it is not necessary for the whole SPI transfer to be transmitted "as
> fast as possible", or "as low-jitter as possible". The system has to be
> low-jitter for a very short amount of time to be effective.
>
> This patch introduces a PTP system timestamping mechanism in struct
> spi_transfer. This is to be used by SPI device drivers when they need to
> know the exact time at which the underlying device's time was
> snapshotted. More often than not, SPI peripherals have a very exact
> timing for when their SPI-to-interconnect bridge issues a transaction
> for snapshotting and reading the time register, and that will be
> dependent on when the SPI-to-interconnect bridge figures out that this
> is what it should do, aka as soon as it sees byte N of the SPI transfer.
> Since spi_device drivers are the ones who'd know best how the peripheral
> behaves in this regard, expose a mechanism in spi_transfer which allows
> them to specify which word (or word range) from the transfer should be
> timestamped.
>
> Add a default implementation of the PTP system timestamping in the SPI
> core. This is not going to be satisfactory performance-wise, but should
> at least increase the likelihood that SPI device drivers will use PTP
> system timestamping in the future.
> There are 3 entry points from the core towards the SPI controller
> drivers:
>
> - transfer_one: The driver is passed individual spi_transfers to
>   execute. This is the easiest to timestamp.
>
> - transfer_one_message: The core passes the driver an entire spi_message
>   (a potential batch of spi_transfers). The core puts the same pre and
>   post timestamp to all transfers within a message. This is not ideal,
>   but nothing better can be done by default anyway, since the core has
>   no insight into how the driver batches the transfers.
>
> - transfer: Like transfer_one_message, but for unqueued drivers (i.e.
>   the driver implements its own queue scheduling).
>
> Signed-off-by: Vladimir Oltean <olteanv@...il.com>
> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190905010114.26718-3-olteanv@gmail.com
> Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@...nel.org>
> ---
>  drivers/spi/spi.c       | 127 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  include/linux/spi/spi.h |  61 +++++++++++++++++++
>  2 files changed, 188 insertions(+)
>
> diff --git a/drivers/spi/spi.c b/drivers/spi/spi.c
> index f9502dbbb5c1..9bb36c32cbf9 100644
> --- a/drivers/spi/spi.c
> +++ b/drivers/spi/spi.c
> @@ -1171,6 +1171,11 @@ static int spi_transfer_one_message(struct spi_controller *ctlr,
>                 spi_statistics_add_transfer_stats(statm, xfer, ctlr);
>                 spi_statistics_add_transfer_stats(stats, xfer, ctlr);
>
> +               if (!ctlr->ptp_sts_supported) {
> +                       xfer->ptp_sts_word_pre = 0;
> +                       ptp_read_system_prets(xfer->ptp_sts);
> +               }
> +
>                 if (xfer->tx_buf || xfer->rx_buf) {
>                         reinit_completion(&ctlr->xfer_completion);
>
> @@ -1197,6 +1202,11 @@ static int spi_transfer_one_message(struct spi_controller *ctlr,
>                                         xfer->len);
>                 }
>
> +               if (!ctlr->ptp_sts_supported) {
> +                       ptp_read_system_postts(xfer->ptp_sts);
> +                       xfer->ptp_sts_word_post = xfer->len;
> +               }
> +
>                 trace_spi_transfer_stop(msg, xfer);
>
>                 if (msg->status != -EINPROGRESS)
> @@ -1265,6 +1275,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_finalize_current_transfer);
>   */
>  static void __spi_pump_messages(struct spi_controller *ctlr, bool in_kthread)
>  {
> +       struct spi_transfer *xfer;
>         struct spi_message *msg;
>         bool was_busy = false;
>         unsigned long flags;
> @@ -1391,6 +1402,13 @@ static void __spi_pump_messages(struct spi_controller *ctlr, bool in_kthread)
>                 goto out;
>         }
>
> +       if (!ctlr->ptp_sts_supported && !ctlr->transfer_one) {
> +               list_for_each_entry(xfer, &msg->transfers, transfer_list) {
> +                       xfer->ptp_sts_word_pre = 0;
> +                       ptp_read_system_prets(xfer->ptp_sts);
> +               }
> +       }
> +
>         ret = ctlr->transfer_one_message(ctlr, msg);
>         if (ret) {
>                 dev_err(&ctlr->dev,
> @@ -1418,6 +1436,99 @@ static void spi_pump_messages(struct kthread_work *work)
>         __spi_pump_messages(ctlr, true);
>  }
>
> +/**
> + * spi_take_timestamp_pre - helper for drivers to collect the beginning of the
> + *                         TX timestamp for the requested byte from the SPI
> + *                         transfer. The frequency with which this function
> + *                         must be called (once per word, once for the whole
> + *                         transfer, once per batch of words etc) is arbitrary
> + *                         as long as the @tx buffer offset is greater than or
> + *                         equal to the requested byte at the time of the
> + *                         call. The timestamp is only taken once, at the
> + *                         first such call. It is assumed that the driver
> + *                         advances its @tx buffer pointer monotonically.
> + * @ctlr: Pointer to the spi_controller structure of the driver
> + * @xfer: Pointer to the transfer being timestamped
> + * @tx: Pointer to the current word within the xfer->tx_buf that the driver is
> + *     preparing to transmit right now.
> + * @irqs_off: If true, will disable IRQs and preemption for the duration of the
> + *           transfer, for less jitter in time measurement. Only compatible
> + *           with PIO drivers. If true, must follow up with
> + *           spi_take_timestamp_post or otherwise system will crash.
> + *           WARNING: for fully predictable results, the CPU frequency must
> + *           also be under control (governor).
> + */
> +void spi_take_timestamp_pre(struct spi_controller *ctlr,
> +                           struct spi_transfer *xfer,
> +                           const void *tx, bool irqs_off)
> +{
> +       u8 bytes_per_word = DIV_ROUND_UP(xfer->bits_per_word, 8);
> +
> +       if (!xfer->ptp_sts)
> +               return;
> +
> +       if (xfer->timestamped_pre)
> +               return;
> +
> +       if (tx < (xfer->tx_buf + xfer->ptp_sts_word_pre * bytes_per_word))
> +               return;
> +
> +       /* Capture the resolution of the timestamp */
> +       xfer->ptp_sts_word_pre = (tx - xfer->tx_buf) / bytes_per_word;
> +
> +       xfer->timestamped_pre = true;
> +
> +       if (irqs_off) {
> +               local_irq_save(ctlr->irq_flags);
> +               preempt_disable();
> +       }
> +
> +       ptp_read_system_prets(xfer->ptp_sts);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_take_timestamp_pre);
> +
> +/**
> + * spi_take_timestamp_post - helper for drivers to collect the end of the
> + *                          TX timestamp for the requested byte from the SPI
> + *                          transfer. Can be called with an arbitrary
> + *                          frequency: only the first call where @tx exceeds
> + *                          or is equal to the requested word will be
> + *                          timestamped.
> + * @ctlr: Pointer to the spi_controller structure of the driver
> + * @xfer: Pointer to the transfer being timestamped
> + * @tx: Pointer to the current word within the xfer->tx_buf that the driver has
> + *     just transmitted.
> + * @irqs_off: If true, will re-enable IRQs and preemption for the local CPU.
> + */
> +void spi_take_timestamp_post(struct spi_controller *ctlr,
> +                            struct spi_transfer *xfer,
> +                            const void *tx, bool irqs_off)
> +{
> +       u8 bytes_per_word = DIV_ROUND_UP(xfer->bits_per_word, 8);
> +
> +       if (!xfer->ptp_sts)
> +               return;
> +
> +       if (xfer->timestamped_post)
> +               return;
> +
> +       if (tx < (xfer->tx_buf + xfer->ptp_sts_word_post * bytes_per_word))
> +               return;
> +
> +       ptp_read_system_postts(xfer->ptp_sts);
> +
> +       if (irqs_off) {
> +               local_irq_restore(ctlr->irq_flags);
> +               preempt_enable();
> +       }
> +
> +       /* Capture the resolution of the timestamp */
> +       xfer->ptp_sts_word_post = (tx - xfer->tx_buf) / bytes_per_word;
> +
> +       xfer->timestamped_post = true;
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_take_timestamp_post);
> +
>  /**
>   * spi_set_thread_rt - set the controller to pump at realtime priority
>   * @ctlr: controller to boost priority of
> @@ -1503,6 +1614,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spi_get_next_queued_message);
>   */
>  void spi_finalize_current_message(struct spi_controller *ctlr)
>  {
> +       struct spi_transfer *xfer;
>         struct spi_message *mesg;
>         unsigned long flags;
>         int ret;
> @@ -1511,6 +1623,13 @@ void spi_finalize_current_message(struct spi_controller *ctlr)
>         mesg = ctlr->cur_msg;
>         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ctlr->queue_lock, flags);
>
> +       if (!ctlr->ptp_sts_supported && !ctlr->transfer_one) {
> +               list_for_each_entry(xfer, &mesg->transfers, transfer_list) {
> +                       ptp_read_system_postts(xfer->ptp_sts);
> +                       xfer->ptp_sts_word_post = xfer->len;
> +               }
> +       }
> +
>         spi_unmap_msg(ctlr, mesg);
>
>         if (ctlr->cur_msg_prepared && ctlr->unprepare_message) {
> @@ -3273,6 +3392,7 @@ static int __spi_validate(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message)
>  static int __spi_async(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message)
>  {
>         struct spi_controller *ctlr = spi->controller;
> +       struct spi_transfer *xfer;
>
>         /*
>          * Some controllers do not support doing regular SPI transfers. Return
> @@ -3288,6 +3408,13 @@ static int __spi_async(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message)
>
>         trace_spi_message_submit(message);
>
> +       if (!ctlr->ptp_sts_supported) {
> +               list_for_each_entry(xfer, &message->transfers, transfer_list) {
> +                       xfer->ptp_sts_word_pre = 0;
> +                       ptp_read_system_prets(xfer->ptp_sts);
> +               }
> +       }
> +
>         return ctlr->transfer(spi, message);
>  }
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/spi/spi.h b/include/linux/spi/spi.h
> index af4f265d0f67..27f6b046cf92 100644
> --- a/include/linux/spi/spi.h
> +++ b/include/linux/spi/spi.h
> @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
>  #include <linux/completion.h>
>  #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
>  #include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
> +#include <linux/ptp_clock_kernel.h>
>
>  struct dma_chan;
>  struct property_entry;
> @@ -409,6 +410,12 @@ static inline void spi_unregister_driver(struct spi_driver *sdrv)
>   * @fw_translate_cs: If the boot firmware uses different numbering scheme
>   *     what Linux expects, this optional hook can be used to translate
>   *     between the two.
> + * @ptp_sts_supported: If the driver sets this to true, it must provide a
> + *     time snapshot in @spi_transfer->ptp_sts as close as possible to the
> + *     moment in time when @spi_transfer->ptp_sts_word_pre and
> + *     @spi_transfer->ptp_sts_word_post were transmitted.
> + *     If the driver does not set this, the SPI core takes the snapshot as
> + *     close to the driver hand-over as possible.
>   *
>   * Each SPI controller can communicate with one or more @spi_device
>   * children.  These make a small bus, sharing MOSI, MISO and SCK signals
> @@ -604,6 +611,15 @@ struct spi_controller {
>         void                    *dummy_tx;
>
>         int (*fw_translate_cs)(struct spi_controller *ctlr, unsigned cs);
> +
> +       /*
> +        * Driver sets this field to indicate it is able to snapshot SPI
> +        * transfers (needed e.g. for reading the time of POSIX clocks)
> +        */
> +       bool                    ptp_sts_supported;
> +
> +       /* Interrupt enable state during PTP system timestamping */
> +       unsigned long           irq_flags;
>  };
>
>  static inline void *spi_controller_get_devdata(struct spi_controller *ctlr)
> @@ -644,6 +660,14 @@ extern struct spi_message *spi_get_next_queued_message(struct spi_controller *ct
>  extern void spi_finalize_current_message(struct spi_controller *ctlr);
>  extern void spi_finalize_current_transfer(struct spi_controller *ctlr);
>
> +/* Helper calls for driver to timestamp transfer */
> +void spi_take_timestamp_pre(struct spi_controller *ctlr,
> +                           struct spi_transfer *xfer,
> +                           const void *tx, bool irqs_off);
> +void spi_take_timestamp_post(struct spi_controller *ctlr,
> +                            struct spi_transfer *xfer,
> +                            const void *tx, bool irqs_off);
> +
>  /* the spi driver core manages memory for the spi_controller classdev */
>  extern struct spi_controller *__spi_alloc_controller(struct device *host,
>                                                 unsigned int size, bool slave);
> @@ -753,6 +777,35 @@ extern void spi_res_release(struct spi_controller *ctlr,
>   * @transfer_list: transfers are sequenced through @spi_message.transfers
>   * @tx_sg: Scatterlist for transmit, currently not for client use
>   * @rx_sg: Scatterlist for receive, currently not for client use
> + * @ptp_sts_word_pre: The word (subject to bits_per_word semantics) offset
> + *     within @tx_buf for which the SPI device is requesting that the time
> + *     snapshot for this transfer begins. Upon completing the SPI transfer,
> + *     this value may have changed compared to what was requested, depending
> + *     on the available snapshotting resolution (DMA transfer,
> + *     @ptp_sts_supported is false, etc).
> + * @ptp_sts_word_post: See @ptp_sts_word_post. The two can be equal (meaning
> + *     that a single byte should be snapshotted).
> + *     If the core takes care of the timestamp (if @ptp_sts_supported is false
> + *     for this controller), it will set @ptp_sts_word_pre to 0, and
> + *     @ptp_sts_word_post to the length of the transfer. This is done
> + *     purposefully (instead of setting to spi_transfer->len - 1) to denote
> + *     that a transfer-level snapshot taken from within the driver may still
> + *     be of higher quality.
> + * @ptp_sts: Pointer to a memory location held by the SPI slave device where a
> + *     PTP system timestamp structure may lie. If drivers use PIO or their
> + *     hardware has some sort of assist for retrieving exact transfer timing,
> + *     they can (and should) assert @ptp_sts_supported and populate this
> + *     structure using the ptp_read_system_*ts helper functions.
> + *     The timestamp must represent the time at which the SPI slave device has
> + *     processed the word, i.e. the "pre" timestamp should be taken before
> + *     transmitting the "pre" word, and the "post" timestamp after receiving
> + *     transmit confirmation from the controller for the "post" word.
> + * @timestamped_pre: Set by the SPI controller driver to denote it has acted
> + *     upon the @ptp_sts request. Not set when the SPI core has taken care of
> + *     the task. SPI device drivers are free to print a warning if this comes
> + *     back unset and they need the better resolution.
> + * @timestamped_post: See above. The reason why both exist is that these
> + *     booleans are also used to keep state in the core SPI logic.
>   *
>   * SPI transfers always write the same number of bytes as they read.
>   * Protocol drivers should always provide @rx_buf and/or @tx_buf.
> @@ -842,6 +895,14 @@ struct spi_transfer {
>
>         u32             effective_speed_hz;
>
> +       unsigned int    ptp_sts_word_pre;
> +       unsigned int    ptp_sts_word_post;
> +
> +       struct ptp_system_timestamp *ptp_sts;
> +
> +       bool            timestamped_pre;
> +       bool            timestamped_post;
> +
>         struct list_head transfer_list;
>  };
>
> --
> 2.20.1
>

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