netdev - Re: [PATCH bpf-next v13 4/7] landlock: Add ptrace LSM hooks

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Date:   Wed, 6 Nov 2019 15:45:58 +0530
From:   KP Singh <kpsingh@...omium.org>
To:     Mickaël Salaün <mic@...ikod.net>
Cc:     Alexei Starovoitov <alexei.starovoitov@...il.com>,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
        Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>,
        Casey Schaufler <casey@...aufler-ca.com>,
        Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
        David Drysdale <drysdale@...gle.com>,
        Florent Revest <revest@...omium.org>,
        James Morris <jmorris@...ei.org>, Jann Horn <jann@...jh.net>,
        John Johansen <john.johansen@...onical.com>,
        Jonathan Corbet <corbet@....net>,
        Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
        Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@...il.com>,
        Mickaël Salaün <mickael.salaun@....gouv.fr>,
        Paul Moore <paul@...l-moore.com>,
        Sargun Dhillon <sargun@...gun.me>,
        "Serge E . Hallyn" <serge@...lyn.com>,
        Shuah Khan <shuah@...nel.org>,
        Stephen Smalley <sds@...ho.nsa.gov>, Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>,
        Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@...ove.SAKURA.ne.jp>,
        Tycho Andersen <tycho@...ho.ws>,
        Will Drewry <wad@...omium.org>, bpf@...r.kernel.org,
        kernel-hardening@...ts.openwall.com, linux-api@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-security-module@...r.kernel.org, netdev@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH bpf-next v13 4/7] landlock: Add ptrace LSM hooks

On 05-Nov 19:01, Mickaël Salaün wrote:
> 
> On 05/11/2019 18:18, Alexei Starovoitov wrote:
> > On Mon, Nov 04, 2019 at 06:21:43PM +0100, Mickaël Salaün wrote:
> >> Add a first Landlock hook that can be used to enforce a security policy
> >> or to audit some process activities.  For a sandboxing use-case, it is
> >> needed to inform the kernel if a task can legitimately debug another.
> >> ptrace(2) can also be used by an attacker to impersonate another task
> >> and remain undetected while performing malicious activities.
> >>
> >> Using ptrace(2) and related features on a target process can lead to a
> >> privilege escalation.  A sandboxed task must then be able to tell the
> >> kernel if another task is more privileged, via ptrace_may_access().
> >>
> >> Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@...ikod.net>
> > ...
> >> +static int check_ptrace(struct landlock_domain *domain,
> >> +		struct task_struct *tracer, struct task_struct *tracee)
> >> +{
> >> +	struct landlock_hook_ctx_ptrace ctx_ptrace = {
> >> +		.prog_ctx = {
> >> +			.tracer = (uintptr_t)tracer,
> >> +			.tracee = (uintptr_t)tracee,
> >> +		},
> >> +	};
> > 
> > So you're passing two kernel pointers obfuscated as u64 into bpf program
> > yet claiming that the end goal is to make landlock unprivileged?!
> > The most basic security hole in the tool that is aiming to provide security.
> 
> How could you used these pointers without dedicated BPF helpers? This
> context items are typed as PTR_TO_TASK and can't be used without a
> dedicated helper able to deal with ARG_PTR_TO_TASK. Moreover, pointer
> arithmetic is explicitly forbidden (and I added tests for that). Did I
> miss something?
> 
> > 
> > I think the only way bpf-based LSM can land is both landlock and KRSI
> > developers work together on a design that solves all use cases.
> 
> As I said in a previous cover letter [1], that would be great. I think
> that the current Landlock bases (almost everything from this series
> except the seccomp interface) should meet both needs, but I would like
> to have the point of view of the KRSI developers.

As I mentioned we are willing to collaborate but the current landlock
patches does not meet the needs for KRSI:

* One program type per use-case (eg. LANDLOCK_PROG_PTRACE) as opposed to
  a single program type. This is something that KRSI proposed in it's
  initial design [1] and the new common "eBPF + LSM" based approach
  [2] would maintain as well.

* Landlock chooses to have multiple LSM hooks per landlock hook which is
  more restrictive. It's not easy to write precise MAC and Audit
  policies for a privileged LSM based on this and this ends up bloating
  the context that needs to be maintained and requires avoidable
  boilerplate work in the kernel.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/project/lkml/list/?series=410101
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20191106100655.GA18815@chromium.org/T/#u

- KP Singh

> 
> [1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191029171505.6650-1-mic@digikod.net/
> 
> > BPF is capable
> > to be a superset of all existing LSMs whereas landlock and KRSI propsals today
> > are custom solutions to specific security concerns. BPF subsystem was extended
> > with custom things in the past. In networking we have lwt, skb, tc, xdp, sk
> > program types with a lot of overlapping functionality. We couldn't figure out
> > how to generalize them into single 'networking' program. Now we can and we
> > should. Accepting two partially overlapping bpf-based LSMs would be repeating
> > the same mistake again.
> 
> I'll let the LSM maintainers comment on whether BPF could be a superset
> of all LSM, but given the complexity of an access-control system, I have
> some doubts though. Anyway, we need to start somewhere and then iterate.
> This patch series is a first step.