Date:   Wed, 27 May 2020 20:45:15 +0300
From:   Vladimir Oltean <olteanv@...il.com>
To:     davem@...emloft.net
Cc:     andrew@...n.ch, f.fainelli@...il.com, vivien.didelot@...il.com,
        xiyou.wangcong@...il.com, ap420073@...il.com,
        netdev@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH net] net: dsa: declare lockless TX feature for slave ports

From: Vladimir Oltean <vladimir.oltean@....com>

Be there a platform with the following layout:

      Regular NIC
       |
       +----> DSA master for switch port
               |
               +----> DSA master for another switch port

After changing DSA back to static lockdep class keys in commit
1a33e10e4a95 ("net: partially revert dynamic lockdep key changes"), this
kernel splat can be seen:

[   13.361198] ============================================
[   13.366524] WARNING: possible recursive locking detected
[   13.371851] 5.7.0-rc4-02121-gc32a05ecd7af-dirty #988 Not tainted
[   13.377874] --------------------------------------------
[   13.383201] swapper/0/0 is trying to acquire lock:
[   13.388004] ffff0000668ff298 (&dsa_slave_netdev_xmit_lock_key){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: __dev_queue_xmit+0x84c/0xbe0
[   13.397879]
[   13.397879] but task is already holding lock:
[   13.403727] ffff0000661a1698 (&dsa_slave_netdev_xmit_lock_key){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: __dev_queue_xmit+0x84c/0xbe0
[   13.413593]
[   13.413593] other info that might help us debug this:
[   13.420140]  Possible unsafe locking scenario:
[   13.420140]
[   13.426075]        CPU0
[   13.428523]        ----
[   13.430969]   lock(&dsa_slave_netdev_xmit_lock_key);
[   13.435946]   lock(&dsa_slave_netdev_xmit_lock_key);
[   13.440924]
[   13.440924]  *** DEADLOCK ***
[   13.440924]
[   13.446860]  May be due to missing lock nesting notation
[   13.446860]
[   13.453668] 6 locks held by swapper/0/0:
[   13.457598]  #0: ffff800010003de0 ((&idev->mc_ifc_timer)){+.-.}-{0:0}, at: call_timer_fn+0x0/0x400
[   13.466593]  #1: ffffd4d3fb478700 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:2}, at: mld_sendpack+0x0/0x560
[   13.474803]  #2: ffffd4d3fb478728 (rcu_read_lock_bh){....}-{1:2}, at: ip6_finish_output2+0x64/0xb10
[   13.483886]  #3: ffffd4d3fb478728 (rcu_read_lock_bh){....}-{1:2}, at: __dev_queue_xmit+0x6c/0xbe0
[   13.492793]  #4: ffff0000661a1698 (&dsa_slave_netdev_xmit_lock_key){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: __dev_queue_xmit+0x84c/0xbe0
[   13.503094]  #5: ffffd4d3fb478728 (rcu_read_lock_bh){....}-{1:2}, at: __dev_queue_xmit+0x6c/0xbe0
[   13.512000]
[   13.512000] stack backtrace:
[   13.516369] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.7.0-rc4-02121-gc32a05ecd7af-dirty #988
[   13.530421] Call trace:
[   13.532871]  dump_backtrace+0x0/0x1d8
[   13.536539]  show_stack+0x24/0x30
[   13.539862]  dump_stack+0xe8/0x150
[   13.543271]  __lock_acquire+0x1030/0x1678
[   13.547290]  lock_acquire+0xf8/0x458
[   13.550873]  _raw_spin_lock+0x44/0x58
[   13.554543]  __dev_queue_xmit+0x84c/0xbe0
[   13.558562]  dev_queue_xmit+0x24/0x30
[   13.562232]  dsa_slave_xmit+0xe0/0x128
[   13.565988]  dev_hard_start_xmit+0xf4/0x448
[   13.570182]  __dev_queue_xmit+0x808/0xbe0
[   13.574200]  dev_queue_xmit+0x24/0x30
[   13.577869]  neigh_resolve_output+0x15c/0x220
[   13.582237]  ip6_finish_output2+0x244/0xb10
[   13.586430]  __ip6_finish_output+0x1dc/0x298
[   13.590709]  ip6_output+0x84/0x358
[   13.594116]  mld_sendpack+0x2bc/0x560
[   13.597786]  mld_ifc_timer_expire+0x210/0x390
[   13.602153]  call_timer_fn+0xcc/0x400
[   13.605822]  run_timer_softirq+0x588/0x6e0
[   13.609927]  __do_softirq+0x118/0x590
[   13.613597]  irq_exit+0x13c/0x148
[   13.616918]  __handle_domain_irq+0x6c/0xc0
[   13.621023]  gic_handle_irq+0x6c/0x160
[   13.624779]  el1_irq+0xbc/0x180
[   13.627927]  cpuidle_enter_state+0xb4/0x4d0
[   13.632120]  cpuidle_enter+0x3c/0x50
[   13.635703]  call_cpuidle+0x44/0x78
[   13.639199]  do_idle+0x228/0x2c8
[   13.642433]  cpu_startup_entry+0x2c/0x48
[   13.646363]  rest_init+0x1ac/0x280
[   13.649773]  arch_call_rest_init+0x14/0x1c
[   13.653878]  start_kernel+0x490/0x4bc

Lockdep keys themselves were added in commit ab92d68fc22f ("net: core:
add generic lockdep keys"), and it's very likely that this splat existed
since then, but I have no real way to check, since this stacked platform
wasn't supported by mainline back then.

>From Taehee's own words:

  This patch was considered that all stackable devices have LLTX flag.
  But the dsa doesn't have LLTX, so this splat happened.
  After this patch, dsa shares the same lockdep class key.
  On the nested dsa interface architecture, which you illustrated,
  the same lockdep class key will be used in __dev_queue_xmit() because
  dsa doesn't have LLTX.
  So that lockdep detects deadlock because the same lockdep class key is
  used recursively although actually the different locks are used.
  There are some ways to fix this problem.

  1. using NETIF_F_LLTX flag.
  If possible, using the LLTX flag is a very clear way for it.
  But I'm so sorry I don't know whether the dsa could have LLTX or not.

  2. using dynamic lockdep again.
  It means that each interface uses a separate lockdep class key.
  So, lockdep will not detect recursive locking.
  But this way has a problem that it could consume lockdep class key
  too many.
  Currently, lockdep can have 8192 lockdep class keys.
   - you can see this number with the following command.
     cat /proc/lockdep_stats
     lock-classes:                         1251 [max: 8192]
     ...
     The [max: 8192] means that the maximum number of lockdep class keys.
  If too many lockdep class keys are registered, lockdep stops to work.
  So, using a dynamic(separated) lockdep class key should be considered
  carefully.
  In addition, updating lockdep class key routine might have to be existing.
  (lockdep_register_key(), lockdep_set_class(), lockdep_unregister_key())

  3. Using lockdep subclass.
  A lockdep class key could have 8 subclasses.
  The different subclass is considered different locks by lockdep
  infrastructure.
  But "lock-classes" is not counted by subclasses.
  So, it could avoid stopping lockdep infrastructure by an overflow of
  lockdep class keys.
  This approach should also have an updating lockdep class key routine.
  (lockdep_set_subclass())

  4. Using nonvalidate lockdep class key.
  The lockdep infrastructure supports nonvalidate lockdep class key type.
  It means this lockdep is not validated by lockdep infrastructure.
  So, the splat will not happen but lockdep couldn't detect real deadlock
  case because lockdep really doesn't validate it.
  I think this should be used for really special cases.
  (lockdep_set_novalidate_class())

Further discussion here:
https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/project/netdev/patch/20200503052220.4536-2-xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com/

There appears to be no negative side-effect to declaring lockless TX for
the DSA virtual interfaces, which means they handle their own locking.
So that's what we do to make the splat go away.

Patch tested in a wide variety of cases: unicast, multicast, PTP, etc.

Fixes: ab92d68fc22f ("net: core: add generic lockdep keys")
Suggested-by: Taehee Yoo <ap420073@...il.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Oltean <vladimir.oltean@....com>
---
 net/dsa/slave.c | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/net/dsa/slave.c b/net/dsa/slave.c
index 886490fb203d..4188290f8edd 100644
--- a/net/dsa/slave.c
+++ b/net/dsa/slave.c
@@ -1746,6 +1746,8 @@ int dsa_slave_create(struct dsa_port *port)
 	if (ds->ops->port_vlan_add && ds->ops->port_vlan_del)
 		slave_dev->features |= NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_CTAG_FILTER;
 	slave_dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_HW_TC;
+	slave_dev->features |= NETIF_F_LLTX;
+	slave_dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_LLTX;
 	slave_dev->ethtool_ops = &dsa_slave_ethtool_ops;
 	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(port->mac))
 		ether_addr_copy(slave_dev->dev_addr, port->mac);
-- 
2.25.1

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