Date:   Thu, 6 May 2021 21:53:45 -0400
From:   Willem de Bruijn <willemdebruijn.kernel@...il.com>
To:     Yunsheng Lin <linyunsheng@...wei.com>
Cc:     Dongseok Yi <dseok.yi@...sung.com>,
        Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
        bpf <bpf@...r.kernel.org>, Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
        Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>,
        Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@...com>,
        Song Liu <songliubraving@...com>, Yonghong Song <yhs@...com>,
        John Fastabend <john.fastabend@...il.com>,
        KP Singh <kpsingh@...nel.org>,
        "David S. Miller" <davem@...emloft.net>,
        Jakub Kicinski <kuba@...nel.org>,
        Network Development <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
        linux-kernel <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH bpf] bpf: check for data_len before upgrading mss when 6
 to 4

On Thu, May 6, 2021 at 9:45 PM Yunsheng Lin <linyunsheng@...wei.com> wrote:
>
> On 2021/5/7 9:25, Willem de Bruijn wrote:
> >>>> head_skb's data_len is the sum of skb_gro_len for each skb of the frags.
> >>>> data_len could be 8 if server sent a small size packet and it is GROed
> >>>> to head_skb.
> >>>>
> >>>> Please let me know if I am missing something.
> >>>
> >>> This is my understanding of the data path. This is a forwarding path
> >>> for TCP traffic.
> >>>
> >>> GRO is enabled and will coalesce multiple segments into a single large
> >>> packet. In bad cases, the coalesced packet payload is > MSS, but < MSS
> >>> + 20.
> >>>
> >>> Somewhere between GRO and GSO you have a BPF program that converts the
> >>> IPv6 address to IPv4.
> >>
> >> Your understanding is right. The data path is GRO -> BPF 6 to 4 ->
> >> GSO.
> >>
> >>>
> >>> There is no concept of head_skb at the time of this BPF program. It is
> >>> a single SKB, with an skb linear part and multiple data items in the
> >>> frags (no frag_list).
> >>
> >> Sorry for the confusion. head_skb what I mentioned was a skb linear
> >> part. I'm considering a single SKB with frags too.
> >>
> >>>
> >>> When entering the GSO stack, this single skb now has a payload length
> >>> < MSS. So it would just make a valid TCP packet on its own?
> >>>
> >>> skb_gro_len is only relevant inside the GRO stack. It internally casts
> >>> the skb->cb[] to NAPI_GRO_CB. This field is a scratch area that may be
> >>> reused for other purposes later by other layers of the datapath. It is
> >>> not safe to read this inside bpf_skb_proto_6_to_4.
> >>
> >> The condition what I made uses skb->data_len not skb_gro_len. Does
> >> skb->data_len have a different meaning on each layer? As I know,
> >> data_len indicates the amount of frags or frag_list. skb->data_len
> >> should be > 20 in the sample case because the payload size of the skb
> >> linear part is the same with mss.
> >
> > Ah, got it.
> >
> > data_len is the length of the skb minus the length in the skb linear
> > section (as seen in skb_headlen).
> >
> > So this gso skb consists of two segments, the first one entirely
> > linear, the payload of the second is in skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0].
> >
> > It is not guaranteed that gso skbs built from two individual skbs end
> > up looking like that. Only protocol headers in the linear segment and
> > the payload of both in frags is common.
> >
> >> We can modify netif_needs_gso as another option to hit
> >> skb_needs_linearize in validate_xmit_skb. But I think we should compare
> >> skb->gso_size and skb->data_len too to check if mss exceed a payload
> >> size.
> >
> > The rest of the stack does not build such gso packets with payload len
> > < mss, so we should not have to add workarounds in the gso hot path
> > for this.
> >
> > Also no need to linearize this skb. I think that if the bpf program
> > would just clear the gso type, the packet would be sent correctly.
> > Unless I'm missing something.
>
> Does the checksum/len field in ip and tcp/udp header need adjusting
> before clearing gso type as the packet has became bigger?

gro takes care of this. see for instance inet_gro_complete for updates
to the ip header.

> Also, instead of testing skb->data_len, may test the skb->len?
>
> skb->len - (mac header + ip/ipv6 header + udp/tcp header) > mss + len_diff

Yes. Essentially doing the same calculation as the gso code that is
causing the packet to be dropped.

> >
> > But I don't mean to argue that it should do that in production.
> > Instead, not playing mss games would solve this and stay close to the
> > original datapath if no bpf program had been present. Including
> > maintaining the GSO invariant of sending out the same chain of packets
> > as received (bar the IPv6 to IPv4 change).
> >
> > This could be achieved by adding support for the flag
> > BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_FIXED_GSO in the flags field of bpf_skb_change_proto.
> > And similar to bpf_skb_net_shrink:
> >
> >                 /* Due to header shrink, MSS can be upgraded. */
> >                 if (!(flags & BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_FIXED_GSO))
> >                         skb_increase_gso_size(shinfo, len_diff);
> >
> > The other case, from IPv4 to IPv6 is more difficult to address, as not
> > reducing the MSS will result in packets exceeding MTU. That calls for
> > workarounds like MSS clamping. Anyway, that is out of scope here.
> >
> >
> >
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> One simple solution if this packet no longer needs to be segmented
> >>>>> might be to reset the gso_type completely.
> >>>>
> >>>> I am not sure gso_type can be cleared even when GSO is needed.
> >>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> In general, I would advocate using BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_FIXED_GSO. When
> >>>>> converting from IPv6 to IPv4, fixed gso will end up building packets
> >>>>> that are slightly below the MTU. That opportunity cost is negligible
> >>>>> (especially with TSO). Unfortunately, I see that that flag is
> >>>>> available for bpf_skb_adjust_room but not for bpf_skb_proto_6_to_4.
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>>> would increse the gso_size to 1392. tcp_gso_segment will get an error
> >>>>>>>> with 1380 <= 1392.
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> Check for the size of GROed payload if it is really bigger than target
> >>>>>>>> mss when increase mss.
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> Fixes: 6578171a7ff0 (bpf: add bpf_skb_change_proto helper)
> >>>>>>>> Signed-off-by: Dongseok Yi <dseok.yi@...sung.com>
> >>>>>>>> ---
> >>>>>>>>   net/core/filter.c | 4 +++-
> >>>>>>>>   1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> diff --git a/net/core/filter.c b/net/core/filter.c
> >>>>>>>> index 9323d34..3f79e3c 100644
> >>>>>>>> --- a/net/core/filter.c
> >>>>>>>> +++ b/net/core/filter.c
> >>>>>>>> @@ -3308,7 +3308,9 @@ static int bpf_skb_proto_6_to_4(struct sk_buff *skb)
> >>>>>>>>             }
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>             /* Due to IPv4 header, MSS can be upgraded. */
> >>>>>>>> -           skb_increase_gso_size(shinfo, len_diff);
> >>>>>>>> +           if (skb->data_len > len_diff)
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Could you elaborate some more on what this has to do with data_len specifically
> >>>>>>> here? I'm not sure I follow exactly your above commit description. Are you saying
> >>>>>>> that you're hitting in tcp_gso_segment():
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>          [...]
> >>>>>>>          mss = skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size;
> >>>>>>>          if (unlikely(skb->len <= mss))
> >>>>>>>                  goto out;
> >>>>>>>          [...]
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Yes, right
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Please provide more context on the bug, thanks!
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> tcp_gso_segment():
> >>>>>>         [...]
> >>>>>>         __skb_pull(skb, thlen);
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>         mss = skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size;
> >>>>>>         if (unlikely(skb->len <= mss))
> >>>>>>         [...]
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> skb->len will have total GROed TCP payload size after __skb_pull.
> >>>>>> skb->len <= mss will not be happened in a normal GROed situation. But
> >>>>>> bpf_skb_proto_6_to_4 would upgrade MSS by increasing gso_size, it can
> >>>>>> hit an error condition.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> We should ensure the following condition.
> >>>>>> total GROed TCP payload > the original mss + (IPv6 size - IPv4 size)
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Due to
> >>>>>> total GROed TCP payload = the original mss + skb->data_len
> >>>>>> IPv6 size - IPv4 size = len_diff
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Finally, we can get the condition.
> >>>>>> skb->data_len > len_diff
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> +                   skb_increase_gso_size(shinfo, len_diff);
> >>>>>>>> +
> >>>>>>>>             /* Header must be checked, and gso_segs recomputed. */
> >>>>>>>>             shinfo->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_DODGY;
> >>>>>>>>             shinfo->gso_segs = 0;
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>
> >>
> >
> > .
> >
>

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